Research on how disease is diagnosed. Covers fetal-distress detection, faster diagnostics, redefining conditions, and bias in medical AI.
Pregnant women are urged to get vaccinated against COVID-19 to protect themselves and their babies. A new study suggests that COVID-19 vaccines and boosters can significantly improve maternal-fetal outcomes.
Researchers explore kinase inhibitors as targeted therapies for specific CRC subsets, offering hope for improved treatment options. Key findings suggest that uncovering essential kinases for tumor growth can lead to more effective treatment strategies in metastatic or later-stage CRC patients.
A study reviewing current research on ADHD in older adults highlights the need for better approaches to screening and diagnosis. The authors conclude that existing guidelines focus on children and young adults, leading to a lack of consideration for the condition in people aged 50-55.
Over 75% of hospitalized AKI patients lack proper follow-up kidney health testing after discharge. Less than 25% have kidney function monitored with blood and urine tests within 90 days of discharge.
A new evaluation tool, HiDE, offers practical guidance for diagnosing hikikomori, a form of extreme social isolation. The tool provides structured interview questions for clinicians to diagnose the condition, which is characterized by stress caused by months-long isolation at home.
A new CRISPR-based diagnostic tool, MPXV-CRISPR, has been developed in Australia to detect the monkeypox virus with high precision and speed. The tool can detect the virus in clinical samples in just 45 minutes, making it faster than current methods.
CityU and AFCR have signed a MoU to promote cutting-edge cancer-related innovative inventions and commercialization. The partnership aims to foster the development of biomedicine and related innovation, with world-leading scholars from Harvard Medical School attending the inaugural 'Innovation Series in Biomedicine' forum.
A recent analysis of data from New Jersey found that the rate of hospital visits for self-harm and suicide attempts remained relatively stable, but diagnoses of suicidal ideation increased significantly over a 12-year period. The study suggests that changes in healthcare screening recommendations and coding regulations may be driving t...
A study by Lena Havstam Johansson found that nearly 5% of 70-year-olds had undiagnosed glaucoma, which damages the optic nerve and affects vision. Those with glaucoma reported poorer quality of life due to impaired vision, leading them to avoid social activities and feel frustrated.
Researchers used objective eye-tracking technology to quantify social visual engagement in young children, revealing its potential as a tool for autism diagnosis. The findings suggest that these measurements can help identify individual levels of social disability and provide insights into verbal and nonverbal abilities.
A global analysis of 2.3 million people reveals women are diagnosed and treated late for cardiac issues, with alarming rise in heart attacks among younger women. Non-traditional symptoms like vomiting, jaw pain, and abdominal pain are more common in women.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital evaluated ChatGPT's recommendations for cancer treatment aligned with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. They found that approximately one-third of the chatbot's responses were non-concordant, highlighting its limitations in clinical decision-making.
A study reveals implicit and explicit associations between autism and traditional male traits may hinder women's diagnosis and comprehension of autism. The research highlights the need for more inclusive assessment methods.
A growing number of studies highlights the power of dogs in detecting COVID-19 and its variants, even when obscured by other viruses. Trained scent dogs are as effective and often more effective than antigen tests and RT-PCR tests, detecting the virus faster and without environmental impact.
Research suggests football participation is associated with a higher odds of developing parkinsonism or Parkinson's disease. Longer football play duration and intensity are linked to an increased risk of diagnosis, highlighting the potential health risks for athletes involved in contact sports.
Researchers aim to create machine learning tools that can analyze and quantify shape information from images, enabling more accurate diagnoses and improving patient care. A new family of deep neural networks, called DSNNs, will be developed to tackle AI's blind spot in image analysis.
Researchers at Florida State University have identified a low-cost method to predict dementia risk by analyzing data from nearly 13,000 subjects. Interviewer ratings of a person's memory performance were found to be strongly associated with the likelihood of developing dementia over a 15-year period.
A team led by CHLA's Dr. Jesse Berry is conducting an international liquid biopsy retinoblastoma study to investigate the use of liquid biopsies for diagnosis and disease severity determination. The study will provide valuable genetic and chromosomal information, enabling oncologists to diagnose retinoblastoma at a molecular level.
A new study from the University of South Australia reveals that golfers have a higher lifetime prevalence of skin cancer compared to the general population. The research highlights the importance of sun protection strategies for golfers, who spend extended periods in the sun.
Researchers developed a reinforcement learning model that incorporates human decision-making criteria to improve AI accuracy in skin cancer diagnoses. The study showed increased sensitivity for melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, leading to more accurate diagnoses and optimal treatment decisions.
A new study by Brighton and Sussex Medical School finds that 24% of autistic doctors have attempted suicide, while 77% have considered it. The study highlights the need for workplaces to provide better support and awareness of autistic healthcare professionals.
The July issue of CHEST journal features 49 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disability rights and life-sustaining treatment. The journal offers complementary web resources, such as visual abstracts, to expand the reach of its research.
A new study found that information-sharing networks among clinicians improve patient care, especially for the worst-performing doctors. The researchers created an app that connected doctors in anonymous networks, showing their peers' diagnostic risk estimates and treatment recommendations.
A new editorial explores the potential of machine learning to enhance early cancer detection in primary care, leveraging extensive patient data and improving risk stratification accuracy. The authors emphasize the need for responsible implementation, collaboration, and validation across diverse populations.
A study published in Science reveals that ganglia in the neck region are responsible for disrupting melatonin production and causing sleep disturbances in people with heart conditions. Researchers found that macrophages accumulate in the ganglion, leading to inflammation and scarring, which can be treated with drugs.
A new study led by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers shows that primary care clinicians who receive specialized training can make accurate autism diagnoses for over 80 percent of young children referred with developmental delays. The EAE Hub system, a statewide network providing training and collaborative learning, has ...
A significant rise in ADHD diagnoses and prescriptions was observed in the UK over the past two decades, with a higher increase among adults. The study found that ADHD was more commonly diagnosed in children and boys than girls and women, and that the number of individuals receiving medication for ADHD increased significantly.
A new study published in Human Reproduction found that women with endometriosis are more likely to experience a reduction in live births before receiving a definitive diagnosis. The research, which included over 18,000 women with surgically-confirmed endometriosis, showed that the number of first live births among these women was half ...
Researchers at the University of Sydney have developed a photonic radar system that can accurately detect pauses in breathing patterns remotely. The system has been tested on cane toads and simulated human breathing devices, demonstrating its potential for non-invasive vital sign monitoring in clinical environments.
The study discusses the application of ChatGPT in global health research, revealing its ability to efficiently process vast amounts of data and identify disease risk factors. However, it also highlights several ethical considerations, including biases in data and discriminatory implications, which must be mitigated for responsible use.
A new study by University College London researchers estimates that between 150,000 and 500,000 adults aged 20-49 and 250,000 to 600,000 adults over 50 may be undiagnosed with autism. This brings the total autistic population in England to over 1.2 million, approaching double the government's cited figure.
A University of Arizona professor has developed a 1-minute frailty testing platform to screen patients for frailty, enabling better care decisions. The platform measures motor, heart, and brain function using wearable sensors, providing an accurate diagnosis.
A pioneering device captures single proteins stochastically, detecting them digitally at high concentrations. This breakthrough could lay the foundation for personalized disease prevention and treatment.
Recent studies in the New Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis feature novel diagnostic tools, RNA sequencing-based workflows, and mechanical property evaluations to enhance cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment outcomes. These innovations aim to improve the therapeutic effect of drugs and promote personalized medicine.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-related hydrocephalus is a complex syndrome that can lead to cognitive impairment and neurological damage. The new consensus guideline recommends standard-of-care approaches, including history review, head CT scans, and medications or surgical interventions to manage excessive intracranial pressure.
Researchers propose a new method to diagnose tubular abnormalities in diabetic kidney disease by combining sodium concentration measurement with urinary albumin. The study uses 23Na MRI, which images metabolic changes in sodium, revealing impaired countercurrent multiplication system in diabetic mice kidneys.
Researchers developed a non-invasive diagnostic method that analyzes sebum for biomarkers of early-onset atopic dermatitis in infants. The study revealed distinct gene expression profiles associated with AD, allowing for early detection and potential treatment monitoring.
A retrospective study found a 24% response rate to Docetaxel among patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer who experienced progression on immunotherapy. The median progression-free survival was 3 months, suggesting chemotherapy may still play an important role in treatment after immunotherapy failure.
A large-scale registry study found that older autistic adults have a significantly higher risk of injury, especially self-inflicted, and physical conditions such as type 2 diabetes and anaemia. Autistic individuals had a seven-fold risk of self-harm compared to non-autistic people.
A new study found that antipsychotic drug use increased in all provinces of Canada during the first year of the pandemic. The percentage of residents receiving these medications without a diagnosis of psychosis rose significantly. Meanwhile, other areas such as falls and pressure ulcers showed no significant changes.
The June issues of The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services focus on substance use disorders, opioids, and youth self-harm and suicide. The articles highlight the importance of addressing these issues to improve patient outcomes and reduce stigma.
Late-onset cognitive impairment emerged in adult childhood cancer survivors decades after diagnosis and treatment. Modifiable health behaviors and chronic health conditions significantly increase this risk.
A recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that fewer boys aged 15-19 commit suicide in Swedish regions with higher bipolar diagnoses. The study, which analyzed registry data from 2008 to 2021, showed an inverse association between population-adjusted bipolar diagnoses and confirmed suicides among males.
A new AI framework developed by Danish researchers significantly improves the accuracy of early stroke identification by human emergency call handlers. The study found that the AI framework achieved a recall of 63.0% and precision of 24.9%, compared to 52.7% and 17.1% for human handlers, respectively.
A new standard for diagnosing concussions has been established by an international group of experts, taking into account blood tests and cognitive assessments. The new criteria aim to reduce inconsistencies in diagnosis and improve patient care, as well as facilitate apples-to-apples comparisons between studies.
A team of researchers developed a deep-learning model called WearNet that uses Fitbit data to detect depression and anxiety. The study found that WearNet performed better than state-of-the-art machine learning models in detecting these conditions, producing individual-level predictions.
This article analyzes changes to China's COVID-19 protocol over 3 years, highlighting the evolving scientific evidence that informed these changes. The study demonstrates an evidence-based approach to refining diagnosis, treatment, and care protocols, effectively combating the challenges of COVID-19.
Increased expression of Musashi 1 on breast cancer cells has significant implications for understanding dormancy and survival in bone marrow. Msi 1 knockdown led to a reduction in cancer stem cells with undetectable PD-L1, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers analyzed ECG data from 298 patients with cardiac arrest to predict treatment outcomes. The study found a connection between heart rate and QRS duration before the patient's pulse returns, allowing for more tailored treatments.
A new study reveals a shared molecular response to nanoparticles, linking immune activation and particulate matter exposure. The findings propose a solution to the 'one-chemical-one-signature' problem in chemical safety assessment.
Researchers identified a broad list of diagnoses and higher risk of long COVID in New York City compared to Florida. Symptoms included dementia, hair loss, blood clots, and fatigue.
A study of 390,000 infants found that those born to mothers with opioid use disorder or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome had a higher risk of postneonatal infant mortality. The study highlights the need for supportive interventions during and after pregnancy to reduce adverse outcomes.
Quitting smoking early after a lung cancer diagnosis was associated with lower mortality rates. Detailed smoking history collection can improve lung cancer prognosis and treatment selection. The study's findings suggest that smoking cessation timing may impact overall survival, particularly at different clinical stages.
A new study by UCL researchers hints at the possibility of detecting conditions such as coeliac disease and Parkinson's disease in principle up to 10 years before diagnosis. The review of existing evidence indicates a 'diagnostic window' – the point at which diagnosis may be possible for some patients.
A large study found that people with dementia are at higher risk of self-harm within the first 12 months after diagnosis. The researchers emphasize the importance of providing psychosocial and mental health supports to patients upon diagnosis, particularly men, who are more likely to develop dementia after self-harm.
New Finnish studies show that short bouts of light or moderate exercise can increase the number of immune cells capable of destroying cancer cells in cancer patients. The exercises were enough as short as 10 minutes to boost the immune system, with a positive impact on quality of life and prognosis.
Researchers discuss the importance of biomarkers in breast lump management, enabling patients to make informed decisions between proactive treatment and watchful waiting. The development of biomarkers could provide personalized risk assessments and guide treatment strategies for women with breast lumps.
A molecular autopsy revealed that a young child with mild COVID-19 symptoms died from cardiac arrest due to an atypical coronary artery anomaly and underlying Noonan syndrome, a rare genetic disorder.
The study revealed lower age-standardized rate of NENs incidence in China (1.14 per 100,000) compared to the USA (6.26 per 100,000). The most common sites for primary NEN tumors progressed were found to be the pancreas, stomach, lungs, and rectum.
A new study found that unintentional weight loss is grossly under-recognized in primary care, with only 21% recognized by doctors. The researchers recommend using electronic health record alerts to prompt clinicians to ask about intentional or unintentional weight loss, which can be a sign of a serious underlying condition.