Articles tagged with Translational Medicine
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
ICU patients with contractile weakness of the diaphragm due to mechanical ventilation develop a state of hibernation, where myosin protein is trapped in an energy-saving state. This compromises diaphragm strength and independent breathing, leading to difficulties in weaning from the ventilator. Researchers have found a potential lead f...
Researchers at UVA discovered an unknown cause of long COVID inside lung tissues, promoting chronic inflammation that drives lasting respiratory symptoms. They found that immune cells can go haywire and promote tissue scarring, leading to conditions like interstitial lung disease.
Researchers designed a molecule, MTX-531, that impairs signaling drivers of cancer therapy resistance. In mouse models, MTX-531 led to tumor regressions in multiple head and neck cancers, showing a favorable toxicity profile.
A team of scientists at the University of Sydney has repurposed a commonly used blood thinner, heparin, as an inexpensive antidote for cobra venom. The discovery could drastically reduce the impact of snakebites worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where cobra species account for most snakebite incidents.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine used machine learning to define three subtypes of Parkinson’s disease, each with distinct driver genes and molecular mechanisms. These subtypes may suggest customized treatment strategies for patients, potentially targeting specific drugs such as metformin to slow down progression.
Researchers identified a viable path to developing a novel therapy that would make opioids more effective and safer as a treatment for chronic pain. The study found that selective Hsp90 inhibitors amplified the pain-relieving effects of morphine, reducing tolerance and side effects.
Scientists have identified a critical genetic mechanism driving cardiac fibrosis and found a novel target for its reversal. The discovery sheds light on the role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) and ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) in promoting excessive tissue scarring, providing hope for new heart failure treatments.
Scientists identify PI3K gamma as a key player in recruiting damaging myeloid cells to infected tissues, and show that inhibiting this enzyme with eganelisib can prevent excessive inflammation. The study provides a new approach to preventing irreversible organ damage in infectious diseases like COVID-19.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified cellular and molecular markers that can predict when pancreatic cancer will spread to the liver or other organs. The study found that patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer who showed signs of immune exhaustion were more likely to develop liver metastases.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an investigational monoclonal antibody targeting enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), a virus associated with severe respiratory and neurological diseases. The trial will assess the antibody's potency, duration of action, and optimal dose in healthy volunteers.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine will investigate how injured heart cells communicate with other cells throughout the body using microvesicles known as exosomes. The study aims to understand how specific molecules, such as microRNAs, facilitate communication pathways between cells in the heart and vasculature.
The Collaborative Ethics model, developed by Jeantine Lunshof and Julia Rijssenbeek, aims to address ethical implications of emerging technologies from fundamental discoveries. By integrating philosophical and ethical reassessment into research processes, the model facilitates decision points for researchers and ethicists.
A new study found that market-ready steers can maintain high-quality beef even when fed lower-cost maintenance diets. The research showed no significant differences in meat quality between two diet groups, suggesting flexibility in feeding strategies.
Researchers found that adding an anti-inflammatory drug to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy resulted in a high response rate of 67% among patients with stage 4 non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that reducing chronic inflammation may improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Researchers analyzed three tumor markers for associations with radiographic response and clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients. The study found that CEA, CA-125, and CA-19-9 were associated with progression and radiographic responses in NSCLC.
Researchers used single-cell sequencing technology to study immune responses in healthy adult volunteers exposed to SARS-CoV-2. They discovered unique immune responses associated with resisting sustained viral infection and disease, including activation of specialized mucosal immune cells and a reduction in inflammatory white blood cells.
Researchers created an artificial lymph node using hyaluronic acid, which connects with T-cells via a cell surface receptor. The noden acted as a learning hub, stimulating T-cells to recognize and kill cancer cells in mice with melanoma and colon cancers.
Researchers developed a novel immunotherapy approach using ultrasound to deliver chemotherapy and antibodies to the brain, boosting immune system recognition of glioblastoma cells. The treatment showed promise in improving responses to PD-1 blockade in patients with advanced brain tumors.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina's Gillings School of Global Public Health have developed a new oral antiviral drug, obeldesivir (GS-5245), which has shown efficacy in treating COVID-19 in mice. The study suggests that obeldesivir could be a promising tool in future pandemic preparedness.
In a proof-of-concept study, USC researchers used functional ultrasound imaging to collect high-resolution brain imaging data through a transparent skull implant in a patient. The results suggest that this approach could open new avenues for patient monitoring and clinical research.
A breakthrough in trauma care has nearly quadrupled the 'golden hour' for treating large animals with internal bleeding during emergency ground and air transport. Researchers used a closed-loop, autonomous intervention system to resuscitate pigs with traumatic injuries, extending their survival time by several hours.
A study by Trinity College Dublin researchers has linked rare mast cell types to treatment response in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a common skin condition characterized by recurring hives. The findings suggest that these cells may help predict who will respond well to anti-IgE therapies.
Scientists have developed a functional model of thoracic aortic aneurysm using human cells in laboratory rats, offering new avenues for drug development and effective screening. The model successfully mimics dilation of the human aorta and has potential applications for treating this potentially fatal condition.
Researchers found that iron is a regulator of energy usage by immune cells in the lungs, which can help treat asthma and other allergic diseases. Blocking or limiting iron uptake may reduce asthma severity.
A late University of Virginia School of Medicine scientist's research on the SAS1B protein could lead to new cancer treatments for multiple cancers. The discovery has the potential to selectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
A massive study identifies new biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma subtypes, improving diagnosis and treatment. The researchers' integrative analysis of proteogenomic datasets reveals molecular features shared by clear cell and non-clear cell RCC tumors, as well as unique features to various subtypes.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a soft, self-charging material that can track vital signs like blood pressure and heart activity wirelessly. This innovation has significant implications for early disease detection and timely interventions in chronic conditions.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers has identified several pathophysiological mechanisms underlying perianal fistulae in Crohn’s disease. The findings highlight key transcription factor binding events and epigenetic phenomena that contribute to the higher rates of complications in African American patients. The research provides avenues...
A comprehensive atlas of ageing human muscle reveals genetic and cellular processes behind muscle deterioration, including new cell populations that may explain age-related differences. The study also identifies compensatory mechanisms to counteract ageing, offering avenues for future therapies.
Researchers have identified three distinct immunological endophenotypes of multiple sclerosis, defined by specific blood immune signatures. These findings could lead to more effective and tailored treatment strategies for patients with the disease.
A second-generation melanoma vaccine has shown improved survival rates for male patients compared to female patients, particularly those who are younger and have earlier-stage cancer. The vaccine targets helper T cells to recognize melanoma proteins, leading to boosted patient survival and reduced cancer reoccurrences.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have developed a novel method to create grafts that accurately replicate the human ear's anatomy and biomechanical properties. The new technique uses 3D printing and tissue engineering to produce cartilage-containing structures that mimic the ear's shape, flexibility, and elasticity.
Researchers present findings on immunotherapy approaches, a potential biomarker for neuroendocrine carcinomas, and improved treatments for pancreatic cancer and melanoma. A UCLA team identified UCHL1 as a molecular indicator and therapeutic target for aggressive neuroendocrine cancers.
Young adults in Korea with ideal cardiovascular health had significantly lower risks of developing heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The study highlights the importance of achieving and maintaining ideal heart health during young adulthood to prevent these diseases.
A free, weekly home delivery program of fresh fruits and vegetables improved participants' nutrition levels, physical activity levels, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. The 16-week program resulted in significant improvements in food insecurity, diet quality, and indicators of cardiovascular health.
Researchers propose combining osimertinib with gefitinib to increase progression-free survival rates in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients. A comprehensive PC approach could dramatically boost PFS for 80% of patients, eliminating harm and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that initial vaccinations against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain shape immune responses to newer variants BA.5 and XBB, with higher B cell repertoire leading to more effective cross-reactive immunity. This 'immunological imprinting' effect could impact future vaccine designs.
Researchers have demonstrated novel proteins that can efficiently reach intramembrane targets using a customized computer-based approach. The study yields a general computational process for streamlining protein design aimed at intramembrane targets, opening up possibilities for therapeutic applications and understanding signaling mech...
Researchers have developed an injectable hydrogel that mitigates damage to the right ventricle of the heart in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The treatment, made from cardiac extracellular matrix, improves heart function and slows tissue scarring, potentially increasing patient survival time.
A new machine learning approach using Alu elements in blood plasma has improved the detection of cancer early by reaching 98.9% specificity. The test can catch 41% more cancer cases than existing biomarkers and is expected to complement other cancer tests.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement highlights the value of AI technology in improving cardiovascular disease patient outcomes. Despite its potential, AI applications face gaps and challenges, including robust clinical validation and addressing biases.
A research project led by Lobelia Samavati has developed a tool to rapidly and inexpensively diagnose sarcoidosis using a simple blood test. The tool can accurately identify the disease in patients and may reduce the need for invasive diagnostic tests.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine has been awarded $3.5 million in federal funding to develop acute radiation syndrome animal models and advance the development of radiologic and nuclear countermeasures.
Researchers discovered an antibody that can block deadly toxins in snakes found throughout Africa, Asia, and Australia. The antibody protects against multiple snake species and has the potential to be used as a universal antivenom.
A study has identified 1,289 genetic markers associated with Type 2 diabetes, including 145 newly discovered markers. The research provides risk scores for diabetes complications and suggests potential genetic targets for new treatments.
Researchers developed a test to predict which heart attack patients are likely to experience dysfunction after receiving mechanical pumps. The test measures pulmonary vascular compliance and its adaptability, helping doctors prevent right ventricle failure.
The new advisory highlights the dramatic advances in understanding and treatment of cardiovascular diseases over the past century. These advancements have saved millions of lives and reduced heart disease death rates by more than half since 1950.
Eleven prominent researchers recognized for groundbreaking work in stroke and brain health, with a focus on improving treatments and addressing disparities. The honorees include experts in magnetic resonance imaging, inherited risk factors, and clinical stroke research.
A Scripps Research team identified the energetic reactions in brain cells that malfunction and lead to neurodegeneration. They successfully restored many neuron-to-neuron connections in nerve cell models derived from human Alzheimer's patient stem cells by addressing a bottleneck in mitochondrial energy production.
UCLA surgeons and scientists present research on ethnic predictors of gastric cancer survival, early liver retransplantation and risk factors for chemical restraint use in adult trauma patients. The studies highlight the importance of understanding these factors to improve patient care.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have identified a gene that causes heart defects in Down syndrome, a condition resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Reducing the overactivity of this gene partially reversed these defects in mice, setting the scene for potential future therapies.
Researchers found a shared genetic trait that predicts a higher risk of small lung vessel disease and its severe form, pulmonary arterial hypertension. This discovery could lead to personalized treatments for patients with limited oxygen response.
Researchers develop injectable hydrogel electrodes for treating ventricular arrhythmia, providing a potential solution to painful defibrillation and improving quality of life. The novel pacing modality addresses the pathophysiology of re-entrant arrhythmia and offers a promising alternative to existing therapies.
The £30M ADVANCE study aims to accelerate the development of new therapies for people with liver cirrhosis by identifying translational biomarkers. Researchers will enroll 200 patients with cirrhosis and use advanced techniques to analyze gene expression, blood tests, and MRI scans.
Researchers investigate a molecule in the brain tied to cellular communication, uncovering information about proteins that influence and do not influence alcohol drinking behavior. The study finds that preventing ethanol from interacting with a specific protein does not reduce or increase motivation to consume alcohol.
Researchers found that specific microbes in the gut reduce graft versus host disease after stem cell transplantation. Patients with low microbial metabolite risk index had better survival rates, fewer graft vs. host reactions, and reduced relapses.
The Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine has hit a major milestone of returning clinical genetic results to over 30,000 patients, making it a leader in providing personalized patient care. The center is also studying pharmacogenomics and providing results to guide drug selection and dosing.
Researchers found that the severity of muscle wasting depends on the location of the spinal cord injury. They also discovered that hypercortisolism, a hormonal imbalance, worsens muscle loss and can be targeted to rescue muscle tissue.
Researchers at MMRI have developed a novel approach to minimize cardiac damage after a heart attack by targeting the spleen with histone deacetylase inhibitors. This targeting strategy results in a significant decrease in cardiac scar size and preservation of heart function, even after just one dose.
Researchers at Scripps Research have found a way to modify picrotoxinin, a plant-derived toxin, with improved properties, making it easier to synthesize and modify. The modified version, 5Me-picrotoxinin, shows better chemical stability and is safer for humans.