Articles tagged with Brain Injuries
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This study of 2.5 million military veterans found a significant association between traumatic brain injury and increased mortality rates compared to the general US population. The study highlights the long-term health risks faced by veterans who served after 9/11.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting the breakdown of a neuroprotective molecule called 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in astrocytes promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury. The study suggests that targeting this molecule could lead to the development of new therapies for TBI-induced disease.
A study of over 2,000 participants found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients reported an average of 3.5 problematic symptoms after a year, with physical symptoms declining and cognitive symptoms remaining constant. The research highlights the importance of addressing TBI-related symptoms in patients' daily lives.
Researchers developed a waterproof biosensor that can accurately detect changes in potassium and sodium ion levels important in TBI. The chip features electronic components that produce an electrical signal when sensing chemicals, and the team successfully tested it in artificial cerebrospinal fluid and human blood serum.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered how 'polyglot' neurons encode and decode sensorimotor chatter, enabling the differentiation between motor and sensory signals. This breakthrough has vital applications in brain-computer interfaces and neuroprosthetics, where accurate decoding is crucial.
The US healthcare system is failing to provide adequate care for traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors, experts warn. A recent report recommends using a comprehensive classification system that incorporates the Glasgow Coma Scale score, CT scans, and blood tests to better assess the severity of TBI.
A recent study suggests that the 30-second single-leg stance is an effective task for identifying balance deficits in children and teens who have sustained a concussion. This assessment may help clinicians distinguish symptomatic children from those who have clinically recovered better and faster.
A study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that adults with disabilities have poorer COVID-19 outcomes, with longer hospital stays and higher readmission rates. The study highlights the need for accommodations and support for patients with disabilities during the pandemic.
Researchers found that moderate aerobic cycling improved auditory verbal learning and processing speed, as well as increased volumes of the hippocampus and cerebellar cortex. The study suggests exercise interventions may be an attractive option for improving cognitive function in individuals with traumatic brain injury.
A Children's Hospital Colorado study explores a neuromuscular training intervention to reduce injury risk in athletes returning from sports-related concussions. The research found that athletes who completed the 8-week training program had a significantly lower risk of time-loss injuries compared to those who did not participate.
A ketogenic diet has been shown to improve spatial memory and visual memory, lower brain inflammation indices, and cause less neuronal death in individuals with traumatic brain injuries. The diet may also slow down the rate of cellular aging, offering hope for those suffering from this condition.
Researchers have discovered two proteins, IGF-1 and IGFBP5, in urine samples that are significantly lower after a concussion. These biomarkers could help diagnose concussion and monitor recovery. The study suggests that urine testing could be an early and inexpensive way to detect concussions.
A two-year study aims to restore functional vision among veterans and service members with head trauma-related visual dysfunction using immersive virtual reality technology. Researchers will explore the feasibility and benefits of applying new technologies to rehabilitative treatment activities.
Researchers have mapped visual brain activity in stroke survivors with new insights, giving hope for rehabilitation and recovery. Combining clinical sight tests with brain imaging, they identified areas where function could potentially be improved with rehabilitation.
A qualitative study explores the intersection of intimate partner violence (IPV) and brain injury during COVID-19, highlighting increased risks, severity, and gaps in research and services. The study reveals that survivors face ongoing violence and increased risk to their mental and physical health.
A new UCSF study found that the neural connections of newborns with two different kinds of brain injuries were linked to significantly different developmental outcomes years later. CHD newborns had worse language function at 12-18 months and worse cognitive, language, and motor function at 30 months compared to HIE infants.
A study found that college football athletes with a decade or more of experience exhibit abnormalities in inflammation, energy production, and coordination related to routine head impacts. The issues were apparent before the season began and worsened over time.
Expert Declan Patton analyzes seven nursery rhymes to teach the importance of safe play and occupational hazards in preventing head injuries. The study highlights the role of biomechanics, impact surfaces, and protective equipment in reducing skull fractures.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen studied how blocking certain enzymes affects brain adaptability in healthy and diseased mice. In healthy mice, inhibiting these enzymes blocked neuronal plasticity, while in stroke-affected mice, it restored lost plasticity.
A three-year study found that taking older blood thinners like warfarin and clopidogrel, as well as aspirin, significantly increases the risk of delayed intracranial hemorrhage. Researchers recommend follow-up CT scans for patients taking these medications after head trauma.
Research led by Durham University found former pro rugby players more likely to show signs of depression, anxiety, and irritability after retirement. Players with multiple concussions were almost twice as likely to report these symptoms.
Young veterans with mTBI experience premature cognitive decline in specific domains, matching elder normative scores and early-stage Parkinson's patients. The study highlights the significant negative impact of mTBI on cognitive function compared to healthy non-veterans.
A peer-reviewed study published in Life journal proves Reflex identifies biomarkers for concussions, enabling accurate clinical diagnosis and decision-making. The study, conducted by Purdue University, uses pupillary light reflex to measure concussion patients' recovery and prevent compounding injuries.
A USF Health study reveals that fibrinogen can directly interact with neurons, leading to inflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury. The researchers found that blocking the binding of fibrinogen to its receptors may alleviate short-term memory problems associated with these diseases.
Patients with stroke symptoms can be quickly assessed for traumatic injuries without delaying brain imaging and treatment. The novel STRAUMA activation enables rapid evaluation of both stroke and trauma to facilitate timely administration of life-saving interventions.
A study of 193 patients with severe acute brain injury found significant discordance between physicians and families regarding patient recovery prospects. The disagreement often stemmed from differing expectations about the likelihood of independence after injury.
A pilot study examines graph-theoretical properties of brain networks in traumatic brain injury and controls, showing association with balance impairment and structural damage. The study uses EEG-based functional connectivity measures during a balance perturbation task to explore underlying neural mechanisms.
Research found that horse riding has a higher risk of serious injury compared to other high-risk activities. The study analyzed data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open journal, revealing that chest injuries were the most common site, but head and neck injuries were the most lethal.
The study analyzed data from 680 patients aged 1-17 who were involved in ATV or dirt bike crashes. Helmeted riders had lower rates of neurosurgical consultation, intracranial injury, moderate or severe traumatic brain injury, and required fewer neurosurgical procedures compared to unhelmeted riders.
Researchers at Keck School of Medicine will collect and analyze imaging data from over 1,300 children nationwide to identify biological markers predicting recovery or persistent symptoms after concussion. The study aims to develop a diagnostic protocol for clinicians caring for pediatric patients with concussion.
The CARE Consortium has received $42.65 million in new funding to follow athletes for up to 10 years after concussive injury, examining the impacts of head injuries on brain health. The study aims to validate advanced biomarkers and identify neurobiological pathways contributing to long-term negative consequences.
The Charles Lazarus Children’s Abilities Center at Mount Sinai offers cutting-edge treatments for children with disabilities, including physical, occupational, and speech therapy. The center features state-of-the-art equipment and a multidisciplinary team of experts providing comprehensive care to children from birth to age 21.
Researchers found that viral, fungal, or bacterial infections impact blood vessel repair in the brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebrovascular injury. Infected animals took longer to repair damaged blood vessels, leading to permanent cognitive dysfunction and brain damage.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham discovered a small molecule that potently attenuates neuroinflammation in brain and glial cells. This finding presents a promising new approach to treat neurological diseases driven by neuroinflammation, such as stroke, spinal cord injury, and neuropathic pain.
A new study published in Science identifies a specific molecule, C1q, that plays a key role in the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury. The researchers found that an antibody treatment could prevent the development of negative outcomes such as sleep disruption and inflammation.
A randomized clinical trial of 125 young adults with concussions found that restricting screen time for 48 hours significantly reduced symptom duration. The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, suggests that limiting screen time may be a useful strategy to accelerate concussion recovery.
Adults with a history of traumatic brain injury are at increased risk of using and misusing prescription opioids, with nearly 52% increased risk for use and over 65% increased risk for misuse. The findings support the 'Perfect Storm' hypothesis, suggesting that TBI increases vulnerability to pain and opioid risks.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg generated a comprehensive transcriptional atlas of neonatal mouse meningeal leukocytes, showing that these cells play a crucial role in brain development and pathology. The study also identified novel immune cell subtypes involved in brain injury and provided new insights into the interaction...
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has received a $3.12 million NIH grant to study neurovascular recovery after stroke. They aim to develop new neurovascular imaging technology using two-photon fluorescence microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy to visualize blood oxygen delivery in response to neuronal activity.
A portable optical sensor system could diagnose traumatic brain injury severity in the field from a single drop of blood, potentially reducing costs and improving treatment outcomes
Researchers found subtle and chronic changes in the brains of young athletes with a history of concussions, including sharper declines in blood flow and microstructural changes. These findings suggest that athletes with a concussion history should be closely watched for worsening effects from repeated injuries.
Researchers investigated high schools' safety policies to protect student-athletes from heat, cardiac arrests, traumatic brain injuries and more. Thirty-eight states have adopted legislative changes improving safety for student-athletes, including West Virginia.
Researchers found that pituitary hormone ß-endorphin and Arg-vasopressin contribute to movement impairments on the opposite side of the body after a brain injury. Blocking these hormones may help treat movement problems following stroke or injury, targeting left and right sides differently.
A recent study from University of Gothenburg found that all participants achieved normalization of CNS injury biomarkers, regardless of previous disease severity or persistent neurological symptoms. This suggests that post-COVID-19 neurological sequelae are not due to active brain injury, contradicting previous findings.
Researchers found that high-dose gait training using a robotic exoskeleton can restore functional ambulation in individuals with moderate to severe hemiplegia caused by stroke. The study showed improvements in walking distance, speed, balance, and endurance, with no complications or falls reported.
A study of 44 elite rugby players found significant changes in white matter and volume over time. The research suggests that professional rugby participation may be associated with structural changes in the brain that could have long-term implications for player health.
Researchers followed 484 patients with moderate-to-severe TBI and found that among those in a vegetative state, 1 in 4 regained orientation within 12 months. This challenges early predictions of poor outcome and highlights the importance of considering long-term recovery possibilities.
Russian scientists have synthesized chemical compounds that activate intracellular mechanisms to combat neurodegenerative pathologies. These substances increase the survival of neuronal cells in cellular models of Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury, offering a breakthrough treatment for brain diseases.
A new NIH-funded study found that certain patterns on CT scans after mild traumatic brain injury can predict outcomes and guide treatment. The research identified three distinct sets of patterns, including bleeding into brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid, associated with various short- and long-term outcomes.
Researchers at UC Riverside's Brain Injury Lab have received significant federal funding to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy. Two graduate students, Laura Dovek and Susan Nguyen, have each won prestigious fellowships to study the role of immune receptors in the developme...
A recent study published in the Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation found that two-thirds of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain married to their spouse 10 years after the injury. The study analyzed data from 1,423 patients and found that marital stability was higher for those who were older, female, and had no problema...
A recent study of over 3,500 participants found that traumatic brain injuries are increasing in the over-65 age group, with falls as the most common cause. The study highlights the need for prevention measures, such as training programs for safe walking and redesigning homes to remove tripping hazards.
A new signaling pathway has been identified in fruit flies that causes neural cells to divide after damage, a process similar to what occurs in Alzheimer's Disease. Researchers hope to apply this knowledge to prevent abnormal cell division and neuronal death in humans.
Researchers discovered a novel interaction between proteins hevin and calcyon, which promotes synaptic contacts and reorganization in the brain. This interaction helps to improve recovery from brain injury, particularly in adults, by reducing neuroinflammatory response-induced proteases and promoting early stages of recovery.
A consensus statement by a US expert panel suggests that strict rest after a sports-related concussion can slow recovery and prolong symptoms. Most athletes will recover fully within 2-4 weeks, but factors such as previous concussions, loss of consciousness, and underlying conditions may complicate recovery.
A new international study has identified a drug that can halt the progression of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in sportspeople who sustain repeated head injuries. The treatment was successfully tested in animal models and shows promise for preventing neurological problems associated with CTE, which affects cognition and behavior.
A study analyzing e-scooter injuries in Berlin found that most incidents occur on weekends, at night, and are caused by loss of control or kerb jumping. The researchers advocate for stricter regulations, including helmet use, age limits, and technical modifications to reduce injury risk.
A recent study by Oregon Health & Science University found that people of color are more than twice as likely to die after a traumatic brain injury compared to white patients. The researchers analyzed over a decade of data and attributed the disparity to underlying social determinants such as diet, lifestyle, and access to healthcare.
A study in fruit flies and rat models reveals that traumatic brain injury disrupts nuclear transport machinery, leading to protein build-up and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers identify a key enzyme and molecule involved in the process, highlighting a potential target for new treatments.
A new $2.3 million grant will support a five-year research project at UC Riverside, led by Viji Santhakumar, exploring the relationship between inflammation and abnormal neuron connections after brain injury. The study aims to identify potential early therapies to prevent epilepsy and memory issues following traumatic brain injury.