Articles tagged with Cancer
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Researchers from Seoul National University identified genes that suppress T cell exhaustion and stimulate effector cells to kill cancer cells. They found that Klf4 enhances cytotoxic secretions and reinvigorates exhausted T cells.
The ESMO Immuno-Oncology Congress 2022 will present results from over 240 studies worldwide, exploring new insights on immune checkpoint inhibitors, biomarkers for treatment response, and combination therapy efficacy. The congress aims to accelerate progress in immuno-oncology.
Research found that male rats exposed to ifosfamide during adolescence had offspring and grand-offspring with increased incidence of diseases, including kidney and testis problems. The study's epigenetic analysis revealed changes passed down through sperm and ova, indicating a potential risk for future generations.
Eating a diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, and legumes is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in men. The study found that men who consumed the highest amounts of healthy plant-based foods had a 22% lower risk of colorectal cancer compared to those who ate the lowest amounts.
Researchers have identified a potential new cancer therapeutic target in the cell division enzyme TTLL11. Microtubule polyglutamylation by TTLL11 is crucial for faithful chromosome segregation. In cancer, TTLL11 levels are significantly downregulated, leading to unstable microtubules that favor aneuploid cells.
Researchers at University of Chicago Medical Center have identified biomarker predicting response to combined RT and ICB treatment in mNSCLC. High tumor aneuploidy associated with improved survival when RT is added to ICB, while low aneuploidy shows no survival benefit.
A study led by Dr. Ashish Deshmukh finds a significant increase in anal cancer incidence among women and men over 50 years old in the Midwestern and Southeastern states, with HPV infections and smoking identified as key risk factors.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified the most common bacteria found in severe oral infections, shedding new light on the association between oral health and systemic diseases. The study found that certain bacterial infections can spread to other parts of the body, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of...
UVA researchers developed a new tool to analyze genetic data, reducing noise and bias in cancer diagnosis. The tool uses mathematical modeling to identify patterns in chromatin, helping scientists detect tiny numbers of disease cells.
Researchers identified USP7 as a novel cyclin F-interacting protein that stabilizes cyclin F protein. The study also found that USP7 regulates cyclin F mRNA, with pharmacological inhibition resulting in downregulation of cyclin F mRNA.
Research findings suggest that skewed X chromosome inactivation may indicate increased risk of developing chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. XCI-skew is a measure of how many cells in a tissue inactivate the same parental X chromosome.
The UC San Diego Alpha Stem Cell Clinic will receive $8 million in funding to launch new clinical trials and improve accessibility of stem cell therapies. The clinic has already launched 59 clinical trials and treated 277 patients with various diseases.
The ESMO Asia Congress 2022 will focus on the latest scientific and clinical advances in oncology, with a special emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Media representatives can register for coverage through the official media registration form.
A study of 3,110 US counties found that residential segregation is associated with increased cancer mortality. The findings highlight opportunities for targeted cancer prevention and control efforts at the county level.
Researchers found that genetic copy-number alterations drive HPV-negative head and neck cancers, providing new insights for immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study identified key determinants of resistance and suggests a novel diagnostic biomarker test, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A genetic inactivation study found that FMRP mediates immune evasion in mouse tumors by repressing T cell recruitment. Inactive FMRP resulted in reduced tumor growth and increased susceptibility to T cell attack.
A Ludwig Cancer Research study found that cancer cells express high levels of the protein FMRP, which shields tumors from immune detection and destruction. The study reveals a signature of gene expression induced by FMRP that predicts poor patient survival across multiple types of cancer.
A new study reveals that the protein fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) plays a crucial role in helping tumors evade immune destruction, leading to treatment resistance. FMRP regulates a network of genes and cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to its ability to hide from immune cells.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of over 200 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinomas identified potential treatment options for nearly 70% of patients. The study found that integrating clinical and molecular features could predict response to immunotherapies, offering hope for personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers from the University of Ottawa found an association between marijuana smoking and chronic damage to airways, including higher rates of paraseptal emphysema and airway inflammatory changes. The study suggests that marijuana smoking may lead to additional lung damage beyond what is seen in tobacco smokers.
Researchers have created a chemical tag that can be added to drugs, allowing them to enter blood circulation via the intestines. The tag, called EPP6, is a neutral peptide that can deliver drugs orally, potentially replacing injections for diabetes and cancer patients.
USCF researchers have developed a new approach called CAR Pooling to compare different re-engineered T cells with varying molecular features. The screen revealed new and surprising receptors that make these therapeutic cells more powerful, promising a better treatment for blood cancers.
Researchers found that MK256 induced differentiation and maturation in leukemia stem cells, inhibiting proliferation of AML cell lines. The study also showed dose-dependent inhibition of the STAT pathway in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
Researchers at Binghamton University discover that sodium/proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) and SWELL1 proteins regulate cancer cell migration, offering insights into metastasis. The study's findings could have wide implications for slowing down or halting the deadly disease.
Researchers report a promising new approach that involves altering sugar molecules on the surface of cancer cells in mice, leading to a significant increase in anti-tumor immune response. The study focuses on sialic acid sugars, which are also present on healthy cells and play a role in cell-to-cell communication.
Researchers have discovered a new gene, Schlafen11 (SLFN11), which correlates with chemotherapy response in medulloblastoma. The study's findings suggest SLFN11 can help improve treatment outcomes by increasing sensitivity to cisplatin.
Researchers from the University of Queensland found that having more babies reduces a woman's risk of endometrial cancer by 50% compared to none. The study used genetic analysis and examined how many years women ovulated, with strong links pointing to childbirth.
Researchers have discovered that mutations in mitochondrial-related genes can trigger hyperinflammation, leading to diseases such as Crohn's disease and tuberculosis. The study found that these mutations lead to a new type of cell death called necroptosis, which causes an aggressive inflammatory immune response.
A team of scientists has discovered how cancer cells adapt to high viscosity environments, improving their invasiveness and favoring metastases. Cancer cells exploit ion transport systems to move more efficiently, while high viscosity actually promotes their migration and lung colonization.
A UCSF-led study sheds light on the mechanisms behind sex differences in ICI-induced myocarditis, a potentially fatal side effect of cancer immunotherapy. The research suggests that immune checkpoint inhibitors may interact with sex hormones to cause cardiac toxicity in female patients.
Researchers have developed a preclinical model of appendiceal cancer, which accurately recapitulates the disease's cell mix and behavior. The organotypic slice culture model offers promising new avenues for studying the pathobiology of this rare tumor and testing potential treatments.
Researchers developed a polygenic hazard score based on 290 genetic variants to predict genetic risk of lethal prostate cancer. The study analyzed nearly 591,000 men and found that the score adds considerably more information for individualized risk assessment, potentially benefiting high-risk men with accurate screening.
Research at Linköping University suggests that dense breasts have unique biological characteristics that promote cancer growth, leading to a fivefold increased risk. The study used MRI and microdialysis techniques to measure proteins in breast tissue, finding elevated levels of inflammatory markers and growth factors.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a new technique to detect breast cancer-related markers using transistors, offering a less invasive method for monitoring patients. The system successfully detected epidermal growth factor receptor expression on cancer cells.
A research group at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a nanovaccine that delivers cancer antigens to dendritic cells, inducing strong cellular immunity. The new system, using positively charged cationic lipids, increases cytokine production by approximately 100 times compared to previous designs.
Researchers found that a quarter of cancer patients want to know their life expectancy, while almost half want to know about their functional prognosis. The study suggests that doctors should consider various options for informing patients about their future to cater to individual needs.
A study by Uppsala University has identified a stem cell protein, SOX9, that makes tumor cells resistant to radiation treatment, leading to recurrence and increased mortality. The research found that SOX9 protects resting cancer cells against radiation, promoting their survival and resistance.
The TRIDENT-1 trial suggests that repotrectinib could be effective for treating ROS1 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have received other targeted treatments and those who have not. The drug showed promising results, with an objective response rate of 79% in patients not previously treated with a ROS TKI.
Researchers at Ludwig Chicago develop a novel nanotechnology that induces therapeutic anti-tumor immune responses and demonstrates efficacy in mouse models of multiple cancers. The nanoparticle-loaded drug activates the STING protein, promoting inflammation and driving immune cells to attack tumors.
The annual report shows a continued decline in overall cancer death rates among men, women, children, and adolescents. Additionally, there are modest improvements in survival for pancreatic cancer, with declines seen in lung cancer and melanoma.
A new study reveals that gut microbiota from patients with inflammatory bowel disease produce genotoxic metabolites called indolimines, which may contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. The study identified a previously unknown family of DNA-damaging compounds produced by the CRC-associated gut microbe Morganella morganii.
A new study identifies a specific mechanism of faulty DNA repair in tumors as a key factor in determining patient outcomes with immunotherapy. Tumors with defective DNA repair proteins had significantly better responses to immunotherapy, whereas those with silenced production of DNA repair proteins did not.
In a patient trial, the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib showed signs of effectiveness in treating advanced cancers. 22% of patients experienced tumor shrinkage, while 56% had stable disease. Further research is needed to understand why some patients responded and others did not.
Researchers controlled magnetic bacteria to cross blood vessel walls and infiltrate tumor tissue, delivering liposomes with fluorescent dye to demonstrate their ability to carry therapeutic agents. This approach may revolutionize bacterial cancer therapy by increasing efficacy and reducing side effects.
Research found that blood transfusions following solid tumor removal in pediatric oncology patients are associated with higher rates of post-surgery infectious complications, shorter disease-free intervals, and tumor recurrence. The study aims to inform thoughtful use of blood transfusion and encourage multi-center data collection.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Semel Institute identified the gene P300 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment-resistant brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme. By blocking P300, tumor cells can be prevented from recovering and growing under the hostile conditions created by radiation therapy.
A recent analysis found that older U.S. adults with poor prognosis cancers had preexisting conditions such as functional impairment and difficulty with mobility before diagnosis. These conditions can impact their physical function and quality of life.
The study, led by Johanna Joyce, develops a strategy to noninvasively monitor key immune cells known as macrophages within brain and breast tumors. The researchers use nanoparticles labeled with fluorine isotopes that emit distinctive signals detectable by MRI, allowing for the direct imaging of TAMs across tumor geography.
A study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that the TGF-β signaling molecule can induce EMT in oral cancer cells, leading to high motility and metastatic potential. KRTAP2-3 expression is associated with poorer overall survival, suggesting its role as a prognostic biomarker.
Researchers found that endogenous retrovirus RNA is present in all non-diseased tissue types, including cerebellum and thyroid tissues. This discovery has important clinical implications for the use of HML-2 expression as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target.
A new study found that sleeping five hours or less per night is associated with a higher risk of developing at least two chronic diseases over a 25-year period. This includes heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 men and women aged 50, 60, and 70.
Researchers analyzed 408 patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and found no increased risk of side effects from receiving both immunotherapy and the vaccine. The study supports NCCN's recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in people with cancer, citing strong protection against severe COVID-19 for all variants.
A study found that Italian regions with high levels of environmental pollution have higher cancer mortality rates, even after controlling for lifestyle factors. The analysis identified specific sources of pollution associated with certain types of cancer, highlighting the need for environmental reduction and prevention to combat cancer.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a way to overcome barriers limiting cancer immunotherapies. They discovered that activating the STING protein can increase regulatory B cells, which suppress anti-cancer immunity.
Researchers at FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine are developing a pilot program to tackle health disparities by leveraging electronic health records, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. The project aims to improve AI/ML delivery and research operations in community health centers and federally qualified health centers.
Researchers found that the quality and mix of collagen in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors affects prognosis. Patients with tumors containing cleaved Collagen I experienced poor survival prospects, while those with non-cleaved Collagen I had better outcomes.
A clinical trial conducted by Salk Institute and UC San Diego Health found that time-restricted eating improved measures of health and wellbeing in firefighters. The study showed that a 10-hour eating window reduced VLDL cholesterol, improved mental health, and decreased alcohol intake.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells induce the formation of intracellular gaps in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), allowing them to infiltrate the liver and form new tumors. MMP9 expression in LSECs is key to this process, and a MMP9 inhibitor can prevent tumor formation.
Researchers have developed a model of how human embryos are formed, revealing that genes are switched on almost immediately after fertilization. This discovery may also shed light on the origins of cancer, which is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.