Articles tagged with Cancer
A new advanced artificial intelligence system has been developed in the UK that can accurately identify protein patterns within individual cells. The HCPL system uses a deep-learning model to quickly and accurately determine subcellular structures where proteins are present.
A new laser-based breathalyzer using artificial intelligence can detect COVID-19 in real-time with excellent accuracy. The technology, powered by frequency comb spectroscopy and machine learning, analyzes the unique chemical fingerprint of each breath sample to identify specific health conditions.
Scientists at CNIO identify succinylation as a poorly studied mechanism in cancer research; mutated DLST protein prevents succinylation, leading to pseudohypoxia and tumor growth. Succinylation is crucial for protein function and may be linked to various diseases.
The gene LRRC4 regulates synapse formation, stability and excitatory transmission, playing a crucial role in learning, memory formation and storage. It also has key implications in neuronal disorders and aggressive brain and spinal cord cancer.
Researchers developed a virtual framework to investigate the effectiveness of optoacoustic tomography for breast cancer screening in people with darker skin. The results confirmed that tumors can be harder to locate in individuals with darker skin, highlighting the need to optimize imaging systems to mitigate racial bias.
Researchers have identified three types of bacteria associated with natural purple photosynthetic bacteria that show strong anticancer efficacy. The bacteria can thrive in hypoxic tumor environments and trigger the immune system to kill tumor cells.
The study shows that zolbetuximab delays tumor progression and improves overall survival by 25% compared to chemotherapy alone. Patients with CLDN18.2-positive tumors responded well to the treatment, indicating a new clinically relevant biomarker for gastric cancer.
Researchers developed a new probe to measure pH levels in cells, revealing a constant conversion rate from endosomes to lysosomes. The probe's ability to track pH changes enables faster diagnosis and potential treatments for lysosomal diseases.
Researchers found that T cells can self-activate by puckering their cell membrane, boosting function and slowing tumor growth in a mouse model. This discovery could inspire new anti-tumor therapeutics and provide insights into treating autoimmune diseases.
A new study found that quitting smoking before a lung cancer diagnosis is associated with higher survival rates. Former smokers who stopped smoking years before their diagnosis had significantly longer survival than current and former smokers diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.
A low-cost antibacterial regimen can prevent acute radiation dermatitis, a common skin problem affecting up to 95% of radiation therapy patients. The treatment involves using chlorhexidine and mupirocin nasal ointment twice daily, with no adverse effects or severe cases reported.
A new study by Silent Spring Institute and University of California, Berkeley found over 100 product types contain Prop 65 VOCs, posing significant health risks. The analysis revealed more than 5,000 tons of toxic chemicals are released from consumer products in homes and workplaces every year.
Cancer caregivers from lower-income households are more likely to experience debt and work loss compared to non-cancer caregivers. This can lead to increased economic burden, stress, and a reduced ability to retire on time.
A University of Houston team has discovered new biomarkers for early detection of bladder cancer, including D-dimer and IL-8, which may identify disease progression. The study's findings could lead to a simple urine test as the new standard for bladder cancer diagnosis.
An international study of 1,044 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma found that combining radiotherapy with chemotherapy significantly improves survival rates compared to radiotherapy alone. The benefit was particularly notable in patients between 65-79 years old with good general health.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University identify a novel focal adhesion remodeling process that strengthens cell-matrix adhesion in response to genotoxic stress. This mechanism involves the replacement of FAK with FRNK, leading to increased firm cell attachment.
A new Raman probe, 9CN-JCR, has been developed for detecting multiple enzyme activities in heterogeneous biological tissues. The probe exhibits high sensitivity and multiplexing ability, making it a promising tool for cancer diagnosis and research.
Researchers found deaths from gallstone disease increased in younger populations and those with Medicaid after Medicaid expansion, highlighting the need for proactive prevention over reactive emergency care. A new healthcare model emphasizing primary care and prevention is proposed to address these inequities.
A new study by Uppsala University and hospital reveals a link between neurodevelopmental disorders and an increased risk of testicular cancer, specifically seminoma. The study found that men with these conditions are more likely to develop cancer at a younger age and may have advanced disease at diagnosis.
Two contagious cancers, devil facial tumour 1 (DFT1) and 2 (DFT2), affecting Tasmanian devils have been tracked to understand their origins and evolution. Researchers found DFT2 is a faster-growing cancer with rapid mutations, posing a significant threat to the species.
A recent study led by Dr Rachael Rigby from Lancaster University found that delays in stoma reversal surgery do not impact on risk of complications or commensal microflora loss, atrophy, or scarring. However, a higher degree of microflora loss is associated with an increased risk of complications.
Researchers uncover the critical link between cellular energy levels and mitochondrial damage through protein FNIP1. The study reveals that FNIP1 enables communication between AMPK and TFEB, instructing genes to remove damaged mitochondria and create new ones.
A high-coverage genome analysis of two transmissible cancer lineages in Tasmanian devils reveals that DFT2 has a significantly higher mutation rate than DFT1. The study provides new insights into the evolutionary history and epidemiological implications of these contagious cancers.
A multicenter study found stereotactic radiosurgery to be highly effective in controlling vestibular schwannoma growth in NF2 patients while maintaining serviceable hearing. The procedure was also shown not to cause radiation-related tumor development or malignant transformation, addressing long-standing concerns.
A modelling study suggests that specifying menu calorie counts is likely to reduce obesity-related cancers and healthcare costs in the US. The policy could prevent 28,000 new cancer cases and 16,700 cancer deaths, as well as save $1.48 billion in medical costs.
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has discovered a protein crucial for repairing DNA in cancer cells, which they found can be selectively targeted to kill cancer cells without harming healthy ones.
Researchers found a 14.4% decline in new cancer diagnoses in 2020 compared to prior years, correlating with stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study estimates that around 200,000 people may have had undiagnosed or untreated cancer cases during this time.
Researchers found that a protein associated with liver cancer, ATF4, protects the liver by promoting the expression of SLC7A11, which suppresses ferroptosis and slows liver cancer progression. This unexpected result could inspire new treatments for preventing liver disease and cancer.
Researchers develop mechanical nanosurgery to destroy tumour cells from within, reducing GBM tumour size universally, including in TMZ-resistant cases. The treatment uses magnetically controlled carbon nanotubes to provide mechanical stimulation, damaging cellular structures and causing tumour cell death.
Researchers have discovered a non-invasive way to isolate tumor-reactive lymphocytes from blood, opening up new treatment options for cancer patients. This breakthrough could potentially bypass radiation therapies and harsh chemotherapy drugs, making it a more viable option for hospitals.
A study led by Tokyo University of Science researchers identified Dectin-1's role in promoting colorectal cancer by enhancing PGE2 production and suppressing IL-22BP expression. The study used mouse models and clinical samples to validate the findings, which have immediate clinical implications for CRC patients.
A team of scientists created a new, fast, and precise method for analyzing cells in tissue samples from cancer patients without the need for a trained pathologist. The method uses artificial intelligence to evaluate data produced by a technique called real-time deformability cytometry.
Researchers at Penn State found that broccoli's aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands bind to a protein in mice, promoting gut health and reducing disease. This interaction activates various activities that affect intestinal cell functions, leading to improved gut barrier function and resilience.
A population-based study found that pregnancy-associated cancers have a higher overall 5-year mortality rate compared to non-pregnancy associated cancers. The study highlights the need for improved cancer screening and treatment options during pregnancy.
Researchers have developed a new method called Nano-tRNAseq to measure both the abundance and modification of tRNA molecules in a single step. This technology has significant advantages over conventional techniques, offering rapid, cost-effective, and high-throughput analysis with single-molecule resolution.
A team of scientists from City University of Hong Kong and HKUST discovered novel, tridimensional compounds with high anticancer activity and low toxicity. These compounds can overcome drug resistance in cancer cells by inducing a different cell death pathway.
Scientists at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus identified protein FAM193A as a key component of a mechanism suppressing tumor growth. The discovery offers new potential for cancer therapies targeting p53, a frequently mutated gene in human cancers.
Researchers discuss cortactin's impact on cancer progression by modulating the Wnt5a/ROR1 signaling pathway. Cortactin expression is found in various cancers, including breast and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suggesting its potential role in promoting metastasis.
A new fluorescent probe, TiY, has been developed to selectively target and kill cancer stem cells, which are responsible for tumor growth. The probe can be used to simultaneously diagnose and treat cancer, offering a promising approach to improving cancer treatment outcomes.
A new study reveals the mechanism of BRCA2's DNA repair function, understanding its role in breast and ovarian cancer development. The findings also provide insights into developing targeted cancer therapies by inhibiting DNA repair mechanisms.
Two independent studies reveal neutrophils' crucial role in cancer immunotherapies, showing promise for new treatments. Neutrophils surge in tumors responding to immunotherapy, playing a key role in eliminating cancer cells that evade T-cell recognition.
Researchers propose conjugating a cell-penetrating peptide to oxaliplatin to overcome chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer. The new approach reduces platinum accumulation in tumour microenvironment and healthy tissues.
Researchers discover ZBTB12, a molecular barrier that prevents dedifferentiation in human pluripotent stem cells, and shed light on the core differentiation mechanism.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a synthetic tumor model to understand the impact of microenvironment on targeted therapies for Activated B Cell-like Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma. The model showed promise in demonstrating how combining therapeutics can overcome tumor resistance to inhibitors.
The study found that downregulation of angulin-1/LSR leads to increased claudin-2 expression and altered cell metabolism in human lung adenocarcinoma cells, promoting malignancy. Researchers identified AG1478 and EW-7197 as potential therapeutic agents.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered that CD9-positive exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts can inhibit the growth of malignant melanoma cells. This finding holds promise for developing new treatments for skin cancer.
A new study found that Hispanic, Black, and low-socioeconomic status smokers are less likely to use e-cigarettes as a quit-smoking tool and more likely to believe e-cigarettes pose greater harm than cigarettes. This perception may prevent e-cigarette uptake among these populations, exacerbating racial and health disparities in smoking.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have created a method to safely synthesize the cancer-fighting molecule JA, which has shown promise in treating triple-negative breast cancer. The team found that JA inhibits metabolic activity in cancer cells, starves them of energy and building blocks, leading to cell death.
Researchers at University of Cologne discovered a way to improve DNA repair in body cells, making them resilient towards DNA damage. This can help prevent aging and cancer development, with potential applications for treating human patients.
Researchers found that hematopoietic stem cells use aggrephagy to collect and destroy misfolded proteins, a process that is critical for maintaining stem cell fitness and longevity. Boosting this pathway could help preserve stem cell health and mitigate blood and immune disorders.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found a similar association of progestogen-only and combined hormonal contraceptives with breast cancer risk. The analysis of almost 10,000 women under 50 years old showed a 20-30% relative increase in breast cancer risk associated with both types of contraceptives.
Researchers created a three-dimensional structure that mimics bone and houses osteosarcoma cells beside immune cells, finding increased inflammation reduces chemotherapy effectiveness. The study highlights the importance of the tumor microenvironment in disease progression and treatment.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) is pleased to announce the availability of Discover BMB 2023 press materials. The meeting features groundbreaking research on various topics, including a new form of omega-3 that may prevent visual decline with Alzheimer's disease and markers of PTSD in the blood. Addi...
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that combining two therapeutic drugs, entinostat and trametinib, can significantly reduce tumor volume and number in mice with LKB1-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. The findings could lead to clinical trials in humans and potentially transform treatment for cancers beyond NSCLC.
A national US study found trust in government cancer information plummeted by 53% among non-Hispanic Black people during the pandemic. Meanwhile, trust in doctors remained high, highlighting the need for effective communication and access to healthcare services.
Researchers have designed a new RNA sensor that can selectively activate synthetic genes in specific cells, opening up possibilities for targeted therapies for cancer and other diseases. The system uses an enzyme that naturally exists in most animal cells to detect and repair mismatches in double-stranded RNA.
A comprehensive analysis of invasive ER+ breast cancers found macrophages as dominant immune cells infiltrating tumors. The study identified distinct immune cell 'neighborhoods' associated with good patient outcomes and highlights the need for tailored immunotherapies targeting macrophages.
A new radiotracer successfully detected 100% of primary tumors across multiple cancer types, outperforming the current standard. It also showed promise in detecting lymph node and distant metastases, offering a promising alternative for diagnosis and treatment.
Revumenib induces remissions in 40% of patients with acute leukemia and uncovers a molecular countermove by which leukemia cells sidestep the drug. The study reveals that menin itself is a valid target for therapy in both genetic subtypes of AML, providing formal proof in patients.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered an immune cell in women with pancreatic cancer that blocks the immune response, leading to poor survival. The study identifies a specific protein FPR2 as a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy in women.