Research on lung cancer detection and treatment. Covers microbial predictors of immunotherapy, MRI detection, microplastics, and RAS-mutant drugs.
A study of 11,945 people found that those with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced cancer if the condition is not screened for routinely. Researchers identified a 26% increased risk of metastasis in patients with pre-existing type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
A retrospective study found that tumor hyaluronan levels are associated with improved time to progression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. HA-high tumors showed a trend towards improved clinical benefit, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Researchers identified a key protein called TLR2 that predicts patient survival in lung cancer, which also activates as a tumor suppressor response in non-small cell lung cancer. A drug compound that activates TLR2 reduced tumour growth in mice and shows promise for earlier detection and improved patient outcomes.
Dual-energy CT (DECT) metrics provide insight into physiologic changes after lung cancer surgery, beyond PFTs and conventional CT. Lung perfusion ratio increases were greater after lobectomy than limited resection.
The TRIDENT-1 trial suggests that repotrectinib could be effective for treating ROS1 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have received other targeted treatments and those who have not. The drug showed promising results, with an objective response rate of 79% in patients not previously treated with a ROS TKI.
In the ARROS-1 trial, 48% of patients achieved partial responses to NVL-520, with responses seen across all dose levels and in heavily pre-treated patients. The treatment also showed promise for brain metastases, with three out of three patients experiencing measurable response or no emergence of new metastases.
A Phase Ib clinical trial found that sequential administration of PARP inhibitor olaparib and WEE1 inhibitor adavosertib is safe and well-tolerated, with promising signs of anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced cancers driven by DNA damage response mutations. The combination showed durable responses in patients with resistant c...
Researchers have found a drug that targets the key, cancer-causing gene MYC has been able to inhibit its function safely and effectively. Eight out of 12 patients showed stabilisation of disease after treatment with OMO-103, with one patient experiencing a reduction in tumour-derived DNA circulating in the blood stream.
Researchers discovered a molecular link between disrupted circadian rhythms and lung tumor growth, implicating a cancer-signature gene known as HSF1. Disrupted clocks may trigger lung tumors in individuals with irregular sleep patterns or night shifts.
The October issue of CHEST journal showcases 43 clinically relevant articles on topics such as asthma, COPD, critical care, and sleep medicine. The journal also offers web and multimedia activities, including visual abstracts, to expand its reach.
The American College of Physicians recommends increasing funding for health services and prioritizing health promotion in Indigenous communities. Community-driven public policy is also necessary to address historical trauma, social determinants of health, and inadequate access to healthcare services.
Researchers at the University of Bern identified new targets for drug development in non-small cell lung cancer, a largely incurable type of cancer. The study focused on long noncoding RNAs, which were found to play a crucial role in NSCLC cell division and tumor growth.
Coskun's team has developed SpatialVizScore, a new method that visualizes tumor immunology in cancer tissues to identify patients more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The system looks at the interactions of multiple immune cells, including macrophages with subtypes M1 and M2.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology suggests that expanding low-dose CT screening eligibility criteria can increase access to screening for women and Black persons. The research found that widening eligibility guidelines reduced smoking exposure criteria increased lung cancer diagnoses among these groups.
Researchers at Scripps Research have discovered that chronic circadian disruption can increase lung cancer growth in animal models by activating the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) pathway. This finding suggests a molecular link between disrupted sleep patterns, temperature changes, and tumor formation.
The September issue of CHEST journal features 40 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disparities in rural populations with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The journal also offers complementary web and multimedia activities to expand its reach.
A new study of over half a million people with type 2 diabetes found that smoking and low physical activity significantly increase the risk of premature death. Individuals with type 2 diabetes who develop cancer are more likely to die in seven years if they are smokers or physically inactive.
A new study provides valuable insights into the roles of B cells and plasma cells in early-stage lung cancer biology, highlighting their influence on tumor development and treatment outcomes. The research also reveals environmental factors and molecular features that contribute to the landscape of infiltrating immune cells.
A new study led by Ohio State University researchers found that atezolizumab is a safe and effective treatment option for stage IB-IIIB non-small cell lung cancer patients prior to surgery, with survival rates reaching 80% at three years post-treatment. The study also identified new blood markers that can help predict treatment response.
Long-term opioid use after lung cancer surgery is associated with a 40% heightened death risk within two years, according to research. The study found that male sex, older age, and chemotherapy treatment are among the factors linked to long-term opioid use.
In a Phase I/II trial, selpercatinib demonstrated a 44% objective response rate across multiple tumor types, including pancreatic and colorectal cancers. The study found responses regardless of cancer type or prior treatment history, confirming RET fusions as a tissue-agnostic target.
A recent study by Hee-Soon Juon PhD found that the obesity paradox in lung cancer diagnosis does not hold true for African Americans. While obesity is associated with lower rates of lung cancer diagnosis in the general population, this relationship was not statistically significant among African Americans.
Scientists have discovered a link between air pollution and lung cancer in people who have never smoked. Exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) has been shown to promote cancerous changes in airway cells with EGFR and KRAS gene mutations, driving them towards a cancer stem cell-like state.
Late-breaking results at ESMO Congress 2022 reveal a strong association between air pollution and non-small cell lung cancer, with exposure to particulate matter linked to increased risk. The research underscores the need for environmental sustainability in oncology, particularly in cancer prevention and early detection.
A multicenter cohort study found that lung cancer screening increased the percentage of Stage I cases detected by 8.4% and reduced the percentage of Stage IV cases by 6.6%. The study suggests that implementation of screening achieves the desired effect of identifying early-stage lung cancers without resulting in overdiagnosis.
A newly identified link between chronic pain and lung cancer in mice suggests that old drugs such as clonidine, capsaicin, and fluphenazine may offer new treatments for chronic pain. The study found that blocking the BH4 pathway reduced pain sensitivity and decreased tumor growth in mouse models of KRAS-driven lung cancer.
The center aims to develop and test advanced telehealth methods for cancer care, focusing on promoting health equity and addressing digital divides. Three principal investigators will lead the center, aiming to improve patient outcomes, communication, and healthcare use through telehealth strategies.
Cancer patients in rural areas experience higher mortality rates and are more likely to miss radiation appointments, leading to poorer overall survival. The study suggests that targeted support programs like patient navigation can help reduce disparities in cancer care.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered that cancer-associated fibroblasts can both promote and inhibit drug sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer cells, depending on the type of tumor cell and drug used. The study suggests that targeting specific signaling pathways, such as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway...
A recent study published in Cancer Research identified a unique vulnerability in certain high-risk cancers that can be exploited for targeted therapy. Researchers found that cancer cells with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have a common weakness, leading to resistance to DNA-damaging agents and chemotherapy.
A study published at the IASLC 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer found that robotic-assisted lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer yields better patient-reported health-related quality of life measures compared to video-assisted lobectomy. The procedure was also associated with superior lymph node sampling.
A new nomogram has been developed to assess lung cancer risk in female non-smokers in China, using data from 151,834 patients. The model identified five independent risk factors, including age, chronic respiratory disease, and menopause, and showed good predictive discrimination.
Researchers from Vancouver, British Columbia found a significant association between cumulative three-year versus 20-year exposure to air pollution and the risk of developing lung cancer in women who have never smoked. The study showed that even a 3-year exposure significantly underestimates lifetime exposure to PM2.5 prior to diagnosis.
A study by LUNGevity Foundation found that informed consent forms for lung cancer clinical trials are often too complex, leading to patient overwhelm. The researchers proposed a tri-fold template addendum to provide patients with key information relevant to their participation.
The POSEIDON trial found that patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who received a combined therapy of tremelimumab, durvalumab and chemotherapy experienced longer overall survival compared to those who received chemotherapy alone. KRAS/STK11/KEAP1 mutations did not impact the benefit of the triplet regimen.
A recent study found that women with lung cancer experience significant changes in their sexual desire and vaginal pain/discomfort after diagnosis. The research highlights the need for addressing sexual health in thoracic oncology care to improve patients' quality of life and overall well-being.
The DOLPHIN Study reports a high progression-free survival rate of 72.1% and an overall response rate of 90.9% for patients with unresectable locally advanced NSCLC treated with durvalumab plus concurrent radiotherapy.
The NADIM II trial demonstrates the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with resectable stage IIIA NSCLC, with improved progression-free survival and overall survival rates seen with nivolumab plus chemotherapy. Patients with positive PD-L1 expression showed enhanced benefits.
A large international trial found that sub-lobar surgery is non-inferior to lobectomy for patients with peripheral non-small cell lung cancer. The study, which enrolled 1,080 patients, showed similar disease-free survival rates between the two groups.
A randomized phase II trial demonstrated improved 18-month progression-free survival with nivolumab alone or combined with ipilimumab compared to historical controls. The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab resulted in a higher incidence of treatment-related adverse events, but consistent with prior reports.
The IMpower010 trial showed an overall survival trend in favor of atezolizumab in the PD-L1 TC ≥1% stage II-IIIA population, with a clinically meaningful improvement observed across most subgroups. The study found no separation for the ITT population or all-randomized, stage II–IIIA populations.
A UK-based smoking cessation program, YESS, reported a 30% abstinence rate among patients with lung cancer who participated in a personalized support program. The study found that women achieved higher quit rates compared to men, highlighting the need for continued support.
Combining sotorasib with pembrolizumab or atezolizumab demonstrated durable clinical activity, lower treatment-related adverse events, and improved overall survival in patients with advanced KRAS p.G12C NSCLC. The study showed a higher incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events initially, but these effects may be mitigated by dose reduction.
Research presented at the IASLC World Conference on Lung Cancer 2022 found that increased utilization of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has decreased treatment disparities for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study showed a significant increase in the proportion of patients receiving definitive treatment, with...
A phase 3 trial showed sugemalimab improved progression-free survival (PFS) by 69% compared to placebo, with a median PFS of 10.5 months. Overall survival (OS) data also suggested a trend towards benefit favoring sugemalimab.
A Phase 2 study demonstrated the accuracy of lung cancer gene panel testing using cytological specimens, with a success rate of 100% and sufficient yield for analysis. The extracted nucleic acid quality was also adequate for panel analysis, enabling the detection of gene mutations in 68.1% of cases.
The NELSON Trial demonstrated a 24% reduction in lung cancer mortality with low-dose CT screening, compared to the 20% found in the NLST. The new protocol used in NELSON showed improved sensitivity for early-stage cancers, increasing the benefits of lung cancer screening while reducing unnecessary follow-up procedures.
The IASLC Early Detection and Screening Committee report outlines the challenges of implementing lung cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries. The committee emphasizes the need for evidence-based guidelines, considering regional specificities and population-specific risk factors.
A study presented at the IASLC World Conference on Lung Cancer 2022 found four molecular subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driven by MET exon 14 skipping, each with distinct clinical characteristics and responses to treatment.
A study analyzing surgical tissue samples from patients with stage IIIA NSCLC found that high AKT expression and activated dendritic cells were associated with lower progression-free survival and overall survival. The immune expression signature identified could help follow-up and therapeutic management of high-risk patients.
A recent study found that younger patients with lung cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages, highlighting the need for strategies to increase early detection among younger adults. In contrast, older patients have seen improvements in earlier stage diagnoses since the onset of lung cancer screening.
A budget impact analysis shows that implementing the NELSON screening model in 28 European countries could prevent over 18,000 premature lung cancer deaths. The model estimates a total budget impact of approximately €937 million if half of the eligible population is screened.
A new set of guidelines aims to increase patient diversity in lung cancer clinical trials by relaxing eligibility requirements. The recommendations, published in JAMA Oncology, suggest that patients with prior or concurrent cancers, brain metastases, and mild liver impairment can be included in trials.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Cancer identified genetic signatures linked to patient response to immunotherapy in bladder and other cancers. High DDR1 expression is associated with 'cold' tumors, while high DDR2 is linked to 'hot' tumors.
A University of Michigan-led analysis found that training patients to voice their concerns and advocate for themselves can reduce the impact of physicians' racial biases on care. The study showed that 'patient activation' creates more equitable interactions between patients and physicians.
A new study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that cytisine, a plant-based alkaloid, is a safe and effective smoking cessation therapy. The study showed a 32.1% quit rate for participants taking cytisine compared to 7.3% for those receiving a placebo.
A new study found that over half of adult cancer survivors experience significant hearing problems after chemotherapy treatment. The researchers also discovered that platinum and taxane drugs, commonly used to treat the majority of cancers, are linked to high rates of hearing loss and tinnitus.
Researchers used Guardant NGS to analyze nearly 17,000 lung cancer samples and found MET amplification in 1.2% of cases, with 20.8% having overlapping oncogenic drivers. The study suggests that high gene copy numbers and smaller amplified regions can be used to enrich for the true MET-sensitive population.
Researchers have found a promising new combination therapy that uses immunotherapy alongside a drug blocking a common gene mutation in lung cancer. The study suggests this combination may be effective in 'immune hot' tumours, which are more likely to respond.