Articles tagged with Metastasis
Researchers found that macrophages, which reside in healthy breast tissue, help early breast cancer cells leave the breast for other parts of the body. The study identified how macrophages and early cancer cells form a 'microenvironment of early dissemination' that can be targeted to prevent metastasis.
The new guidelines provide strategies for including patients with brain metastases in clinical trials, addressing the lack of data on drug effects in the brain. The approach includes three specific strategies based on initial understanding of a drug's possible activity in the brain.
A University of Hawaii Cancer Center researcher has identified a mechanism that drives cancer cells to move during metastasis. The study defines a signaling hub required for cancer cell movement, which may provide new therapeutic opportunities for brain tumors and other cancers.
Researchers have discovered that radiosurgery can be an effective treatment option for patients with four or more brain lesions, even when the number of deposits exceeds the traditional three-lesion threshold. The study found no significant difference in survival rates between patients treated with radiosurgery for 4-10 metastases and ...
Researchers at MUSC identified a mechanism that regulates signaling events leading to cell migration and metastasis. The study found that ceramide synthase 4 (CerS4) affects cell migration by disrupting the ability of cells to form focal points in primary cilia.
Researchers developed a simple MRI technique to analyze brain tumors, finding that immune reactive cells around the tumor are associated with longer patient survival. This non-invasive method could provide an easier way for doctors to prescribe the most appropriate cancer treatment.
Researchers developed an antibody called 15D11 that blocks Jagged1, a molecule making it easier for breast cancer cells to metastasize to bone. The antibody allows chemotherapy to keep cancer at bay by eliminating the protective effect of rebuilders in bone tissue.
Researchers found that low PUMA expression distinguishes stem-like cells in cancer patients who experienced tumor recurrence. Reducing PUMA restores metastasis in cultured cells, highlighting a possible Achilles heel in aggressive breast cancers.
A new drug approach targets breast cancer's stem-like cells, slowing their spread before metastasis occurs. Researchers found co-expression of integrin αvβ3 and Slug identifies these cells in up to 20% of primary breast cancers.
A Phase III trial led by MD Anderson Cancer Center found that talazoparib, a PARP inhibitor, extends progression-free survival and improves quality-of-life measures for patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer and BRCA1/2 mutations. Talazoparib was associated with a 46% lower risk of progression compared to chemotherapy.
The IST Austria lab of Daria Siekhaus will explore the role of MFSD1 in metastasis in mice and humans. The project aims to understand its involvement in changes to proteins and their impact on metastasis.
Researchers at VIB-KU Leuven have identified Caveolin-1 as a key player in suppressing metastatic growth in lung tumors. By studying macrophages at metastasis sites, they revealed that upregulation of this protein hinders cancer progression.
A study by UMMS researchers has identified a protein called GDF6 as a primary role in metastatic melanoma, found to be expressed in 80% of human melanomas and correlated with increased melanoma growth and spread. The findings offer new therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant skin cancer.
Researchers focus on cell motility in cancer, a key characteristic of malignant tumors. They aim to control the motility of cells using existing drugs and develop new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers identified several lncRNAs linked to ovarian cancer, including DNM30S, which correlates with worse survival rates. Targeting these lncRNAs may represent a viable treatment strategy for ovarian cancer.
A new study confirms presence of Fusobacterium in liver metastases of colon cancer patients, correlating with tumor growth and colonization. The bacteria travels with metastatic tumor cells to distant organs, potentially aiding their colonization.
A team of researchers at UC San Diego discovered a specific gene module that predicts patient life expectancy and metastasis across nine cancer types. The study found that a constrained environment triggers the formation of blood vessel-like structures in tumor cells, leading to aggressive behavior.
A modified XELIRI regimen with reduced doses of irinotecan and capecitabine has been shown to be non-inferior to FOLFIRI in terms of overall survival. The treatment, combined with bevacizumab, demonstrated favourable tolerability and efficacy comparable to XELOX plus bevacizumab.
Researchers analyzed EGFR mutation status in blood and cerebrospinal fluid to identify relationship with neurological symptoms and leptomeningeal metastases. The study found higher rates of EGFR mutations in cerebrospinal fluid for patients with brain metastases, offering new non-invasive testing options.
The ALEX study shows alectinib 600 mg is more effective than standard of care crizotinib in Asian patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Progression-free survival was longer with alectinib compared to crizotinib in both Asian and non-Asian populations.
A new study found that analyzing genetic variations in tumor tissues can help physicians make better treatment choices for patients with gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The research suggests focusing on metastatic sites to improve outcomes.
Researchers developed a bone-targeted nanoparticle that delivers chemotherapy directly to bone lesions, reducing tumor size and pain. The targeted nanoparticles showed a strong burst release of cabazitaxel and increased binding to bone compared to non-targeted nanoparticles.
A UK study published in Scientific Reports has identified a novel cell signaling interaction that may prevent a key step in lung cancer progression. The research, conducted by the University of Kentucky, found that microRNA molecules can alter TGFβ activity and prevent epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a critical process in metastasis.
The Cleveland Clinic has been awarded a 5-year, $2.6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create innovative models of colorectal cancer. The project aims to better understand how the disease develops and spreads.
Researchers at the University of Basel have identified a microRNA that inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process linked to tumor cell spread and metastasis. This discovery may lead to new treatment approaches for breast cancer.
Researchers discovered that cells retain properties from their previous environment for several days, known as mechanical memory. This property can aid in tumor invasion and metastasis. The study's findings may lead to new insights into the mechanisms behind cancer spread.
Research from Helmholtz Zentrum München reveals a new mechanism by which obesity fuels the growth of breast cancer. The enzyme ACC1 plays a central role in this process, and blocking its activity with an antibody treatment can halt this mechanism.
A study published in Lancet Oncology identified MAF amplification as a tool to stratify breast cancer patients for zoledronic acid treatment. In MAF-negative patients, the inclusion of zoledronic acid improved outcomes, while non-postmenopausal MAF-positive patients experienced increased adverse outcomes.
A new synthetic compound, E260, has been developed to target the energy generation system of cancer cells, inhibiting an enzyme that supports their survival and dissemination. This approach has shown promising results in treating mice with metastatic cancer, completely curing them with no toxic effects.
Lina Cui, a UNM Assistant Professor, is leading a large-scale research project to understand the chemistry of disease progression and its role in cancer metastasis. The goal is to develop diagnostic tools that target specific enzymes involved in disease spread.
Researchers at Notre Dame's Harper Cancer Research Institute have made a breakthrough in understanding how ovarian cancer cells spread throughout the body. They found that a specific membrane proteinase called MT1-MMP plays a crucial role in regulating the transition of cancer cells from floating to sticking phases.
A randomized phase II clinical trial found that adding consolidative stereotactic radiation therapy to chemotherapy significantly increased progression-free survival expectancy nearly tripling it for patients with limited metastatic disease. Treatment-related side effects were similar between the two treatment approaches.
A study found that vessel growth created by tumors can enhance immunotherapy effects against melanoma. The growth secreted chemokines that attracted T cells into the tumor environment, leading to long-lasting anti-tumor immunity.
Researchers led by Mauro Ferrari, Ph.D., develop injectable nanoparticle generator polymeric doxorubicin (iNPG-pDox) to target cancer cells in lungs and liver with limited toxicity. The therapy aims to improve long-term survival and quality of life for triple-negative breast cancer patients.
PharmaMar presents positive results of PM1183 (lurbinectedin) in a cohort of 36 patients with advanced and relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), achieving an objective response rate of 36%. This finding is significant given the limited therapeutic options for SCLC, which has a high mortality rate.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered a novel metastasis suppressor pathway orchestrated by the mitochondrial protein SNPH. This pathway promotes tumor cell proliferation in local growth but inhibits invasion and metastasis. By studying SNPH, scientists may uncover new therapeutic approaches to target metastatic cells.
The phase III RANGE trial showed that ramucirumab plus docetaxel significantly prolonged investigator-assessed progression-free survival compared to placebo plus docetaxel. The treatment also nearly doubled the objective response rate in patients with platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.
The KEYNOTE-059 trial found an overall objective response rate of 12% with pembrolizumab alone in pretreated patients, and more promising activity in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic cancer. The study also showed that patients with PD-L1 expression were more likely to respond to the treatment.
A team of researchers developed a tiny microfluidic device to track the long-term evolution of invasive cancer cells. The device allowed them to cultivate cells for up to three weeks, providing valuable insights into the biology of aggressive cells and potential targets for therapy.
Recent phase 3 studies (ALEX and ALUR trials) demonstrate alectinib's efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The medication significantly decreases CNS progression, improving median progression-free survival by up to 8 months compared to standard chemotherapy.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles are studying the role of extracellular vesicles, or exosomes, in cancer metastasis. Exosomes, released by cancer cells, can modify the behavior of surrounding cells, making them hospitable to cancer growth.
Researchers present a comprehensive overview of novel approaches to combating metastatic colorectal cancer, highlighting the potential of immunotherapies and targeted biological agents. The article discusses recent progress and future prospects for these treatments, including combination therapies and overcoming drug resistance.
A new research study reveals that a nanolaser called spaser can detect and kill circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream, preventing cancer metastases. The spaser is biocompatible and selectively targets cancer cells with high folate receptor expression.
A study using liquid biopsies found distinct genomic profiles in 99.7% of patients with CUP, harboring potentially targetable alterations. These findings suggest that liquid biopsies can guide treatment response in this patient population.
Scientists have found that breast cancer cells spread to other parts of the body relatively late in disease development. This discovery supports the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, which can increase the chances of preventing cancer cell spread and improving survival rates.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered two new genes, SPOCK1 and TWIST2, that regulate brain metastases in lung cancer patients. These genes are present in the primary lung cancer of all patients with brain metastases but not in those without them.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a biochemical process that gives prostate cancer cells the ability to change shape and invade other tissues. The study found that a gene called AIM1 is deleted in approximately 20-30% of prostate cancers confined to the gland and 40% of metastatic prostate cancers.
A Tel Aviv University study finds that pre- and post-surgery administration of beta blockers and anti-inflammatory medication significantly reduces metastatic cancer recurrence. The treatment improves long-term survival rates and is safe, inexpensive, and easily administered.
Houston Methodist researchers have identified a distinct group of circulating tumor cells associated with breast cancer brain metastasis. This finding could lead to the development of more sensitive screening tools and real-time monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy.
A new study sequenced DNA and RNA of 500 patients with metastatic cancer, revealing a host of molecular factors driving tumor growth and spread. The analysis identified potential treatment targets and shed light on the underlying mechanisms behind metastatic cancer.
Researchers identified a new HER2 mutation that activates tyrosine kinase, triggering tumor formation. A circulating tumor DNA analysis was developed to diagnose and monitor patients with this mutation, showing promise for treatment with neratinib.
Researchers found manmade peptides significantly reduce metastasis in a mouse model of aggressive breast cancer. These peptides directly disrupt the WASF3 gene, which helps cancer cells move and invade other tissues.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered an epigenetic factor, FOXA1, that reprograms gene enhancers in cancer cells, allowing them to 'remember' an earlier developmental state and become metastatic. This mechanism is a major breakthrough in understanding the spread of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers at UCI have developed a stem cell-based method that selectively targets and kills cancerous tissue while preventing side effects. By identifying unique physical properties of cancer cells, the treatment enables targeted therapy, reducing harm to healthy tissue.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have found a potential cure for colon cancer by targeting the gene CtBP with a drug called HIPP, which reduces pre-cancerous polyps by half and increases mouse lifespan. This breakthrough may also extend to other cancers depending on the same mechanism.
Tumor cells develop resistance to immunotherapy by downregulating MHC class I molecules and triggering immunosuppressive processes. Inhibiting the epigenetic control protein Ezh2 improves treatment efficacy, leading to increased tumor mass shrinkage and extended tumor-free survival.
Inlighta Biosciences is developing a novel, protein-based MRI contrast agent called ProCA32 to detect early stages of liver cancers and other metastatic tumors. The agent has shown improved imaging contrast compared to conventional agents, enabling earlier detection and characterization of cancerous lesions.
Researchers have discovered new genes associated with the development of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, which are rare neuroendocrine tumors with a strong hereditary component. The study identifies alterations in enzymes involved in cell respiration as a key factor in tumor growth.
Research funded by NFCR finds two distinct patterns of metastatic spread in human colorectal cancer, where distant metastases originate directly from primary tumors without involving the lymph system. The study provides genetic evidence towards resolving the enigma of lymph node metastases and distant metastases.
A team of researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a potential therapy using stem cells loaded with oncolytic viruses to target skin cancer metastases in the brain. The study found that this approach led to the elimination of metastatic skin cancer cells from the brain, resulting in prolonged survival.