Articles tagged with Multiple Myeloma
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism that causes relapse in multiple myeloma by upregulating the protein CDK6, which controls cell division. Using proteomics and mass spectrometry technology, they found that adding a CDK6 inhibitor to treatment can reverse drug resistance and improve survival odds.
Researchers at Osaka University identified a new monoclonal antibody target, R8H283, which selectively binds to cancer-specific conformational epitopes on the ubiquitous CD98 heavy chain protein in multiple myeloma cells. This selective binding allows for anti-MM effects without damaging normal host cells.
Researchers identified a novel therapeutic target for multiple myeloma by discovering the Sec61 translocon's vulnerability to inhibition. This targets the translocon prevents multiple myeloma cells from producing proteins through the secretory pathway, leading to their death.
A combination of five existing drugs, including bortezomib and lenalidomide, kept patients with ultra-high risk multiple myeloma alive longer than those who received standard care. The trial found that patients receiving the new five-drug cocktail had stable disease at 18 months compared to those in a previous study.
A case study published in Nature Medicine reports a patient experiencing progressive neurological features resembling Parkinson's disease after CAR-T cell therapy, suggesting potential neurotoxicity. The study highlights the importance of monitoring for neurotoxicity in patients receiving BCMA-targeted CAR-T therapies.
Researchers developed a novel model to identify specific genes and genetic alterations in multiple myeloma, stratifying the cancer's severity via DNA and RNA sequencing. This model revealed diverse subtypes and high-risk patients beyond current classifications.
Researchers produce large quantities of powerful cancer-fighting iNKT cells using stem cell engineering and organoid technology, offering a potential solution for mass-producing an off-the-shelf immune cell therapy. The therapy, which uses hematopoietic stem cell-engineered iNKT cells, has been shown to be effective in killing multiple...
Patients with multiple myeloma often mount a poor antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines and have a weak T cell response, underscoring the need for booster vaccination and safety precautions. Researchers found that these patients are at high risk of severe COVID-19 infection.
Researchers at CNIO and 12 de Octubre Hospital have developed a new cancer treatment called CAR-NK-cell immunotherapy, which uses natural killer cells to target cancerous cells. The treatment has shown promising results in mice with multiple myeloma, with 25% of treated mice remaining disease-free.
A Korean population-based cohort study found that cancer, particularly multiple myeloma and leukemia, is associated with an increased risk of kidney failure. The study included approximately 825,000 patients with cancer compared to twice as many without cancer, matched on other characteristics.
A study published in Cancer Cell found that multiple myeloma patients exhibited a widely variable response to COVID-19 vaccines, with some showing undetectable antibodies after mRNA vaccines. This variation underscores the importance of routine blood tests and continued precautions for these patients.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Cancer Center are studying a potential new chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy (CAR-T cell therapy) treatment for multiple myeloma. The overall response rate to the treatment was 97%, while the complete response rate and progression-free survival rates were 67% and 77%, respectively.
A new method makes it possible to accurately show whether the number of cancerous cells in the bone marrow is increasing in a patient with multiple myeloma. This blood test could potentially replace the current bone marrow puncture, enabling quicker treatment initiation.
A phase III clinical trial showed that reducing steroid use in intermediate-fit older patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma yields similar outcomes to standard treatment. The adapted Rd treatment schedule spares steroid use after nine months, resulting in fewer adverse effects and improved event-free survival.
A study published in Cell Death & Disease found that inhibiting the EZH2 protein can reduce cancer cell growth in multiple myeloma. The researchers discovered that certain metabolic pathways are altered in cells sensitive to EZH2 inhibition, providing potential markers for treatment response.
A subcutaneous injection of teclistamab elicits responses in 74% of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, offering a promising treatment option for patients with poor prognoses. The study's results suggest that teclistamab takes a similar approach to cellular therapies but is more convenient and faster to administer.
Catherine Marinac receives Sharp Tank Award to study health disparities in multiple myeloma and tailor interventions for diverse patient populations. The award supports research on early intervention and treatment for precursor multiple myeloma, a rare blood cancer disproportionately affecting people of color.
Scientists uncover how pomalidomide reduces cancer cell growth by breaking down the protein ARID2, promoting MYC gene expression. This finding provides a plausible explanation for pomalidomide's efficacy in treating lenidomide-resistant multiple myeloma.
A new alpha-radioimmunotherapy has proven effective in preventing tumor growth and increasing survival in multiple myeloma tumor-bearing mice. The therapy targets CD38 protein on tumoral cells and reduces unwanted radiation exposure on normal tissues.
Myeloma Drug Sensitivity Testing (My-DST) uses liquid biopsies to test drug effectiveness on patient samples. The approach shows promise in predicting real patient responses, and may guide drug development for multiple myeloma treatment.
Researchers have discovered a new drug, FL118, that effectively treats and reverses treatment resistance in advanced multiple myeloma. The drug has shown promise in treating cancer cells from both newly diagnosed and relapsed or treatment-resistant patients.
A study published in Blood Cancer Discovery found that deleting one copy of the miR15a/miR16-1 gene cluster accelerated the development of multiple myeloma in mice, while also enhancing disease aggressiveness. The researchers also analyzed a genetic dataset of multiple myeloma patients and found similar associations.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research identified neoantigens in 184 patients with multiple myeloma, showing an increase in these genetic markers in patients who had relapsed. The researchers found common neoantigens between patients, which could lead to new vaccine therapies.
A phase two trial found that belantamab mafodotin, a BCMA-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, achieved durable responses in nearly a third of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The therapy demonstrated significant tumor reduction and improved survival rates compared to standard treatments.
A study by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group found that lenalidomide delayed disease progression and improved overall survival in high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma patients. The treatment reduced serious adverse events, but it is unclear if it affects overall survival.
African Americans and Hispanics start treatment later than whites with associated higher costs, delaying organ damage and poor outcomes. The study's lead author notes that minorities are not receiving timely treatment to achieve adequate clinical gains.
Depressive symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma or multiple myeloma were linked to shorter survival rates. Patients who remained depressed or recovered from depressive symptoms had reduced life expectancy compared to those without depressive symptoms.
A recent study found that over half of relapsed multiple myeloma patients treated with carfilzomib experienced cardiac issues during treatment. The study recommends routine monitoring with natriuretic peptide testing to mitigate this risk.
The CRB-401 phase 1 study of bb2121, a BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy, demonstrated manageable safety and deep and durable responses in heavily pre-treated patients. Treatment resulted in an 85% objective response rate with 73% achieving ≥ VGPR.
A DNA rearrangement in immunoglobulin lambda (IgL) translocations is associated with poorer outcomes and reduced survival benefit from immunomodulatory drugs like lenalidomide. Patients with this genetic marker are more likely to relapse and die within the first three years after diagnosis.
A Phase 1 clinical trial of CAR-T therapy found an 88.2% overall response rate in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. The treatment, called LCARB38M, targets the B-cell maturation antigen and achieved a stringent complete response in 13 patients.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have made significant advances in understanding the progression of multiple myeloma from precursor conditions, suggesting potential new treatments. The study found that immune system cells in patients with precursor conditions undergo changes that affect disease progression, and a novel combi...
The ADMYRE trial found a statistically significant increase in overall survival with plitidepsin plus dexamethasone compared to dexamethasone alone. The two-stage model showed a 11.6-month overall survival in the plitidepsin arm, exceeding 6.4 months for dexamethasone.
Researchers have found that blood biopsies provide highly detailed genetic information that agrees well with bone marrow tests. This breakthrough could lead to more personalized treatment plans for patients with multiple myeloma, as the disease's progression can vary over time.
A study found that New York City firefighters exposed to the 9/11 World Trade Center disaster site are at an increased risk for developing myeloma precursor disease, which can lead to the blood cancer multiple myeloma. The prevalence of MGUS was nearly twice as high in firefighters compared to a non-exposed group.
Two studies and an editorial report confirm that firefighters exposed to the World Trade Center's aftermath are at a heightened risk of developing cancer. The research highlights the environmental exposures to carcinogens in the wreckage, which poses significant health concerns for those who responded to the 9/11 attacks.
A new University of Kansas research effort has resulted in a low-cost, reliable blood test that uses a small plastic chip to deliver diagnostic information similar to bone biopsies. The test has the potential to eliminate the need for invasive bone biopsies and guide treatment for multiple myeloma and other cancers.
The SU2C Multiple Myeloma Dream Team aims to revolutionize the treatment of the incurable blood cancer by detecting precursor conditions such as MGUS or SMM. The team plans to analyze blood samples from approximately 50,000 people to identify biomarkers that can predict high-risk progression.
Researchers found that screening individuals with a high lifetime risk of developing precursor conditions like MGUS can reduce the prevalence and specific mortality of symptomatic multiple myeloma. By implementing regular screening and preventative measures, mortality rates can be lowered by up to 19% in certain groups.
PharmaMar initiates EMA re-examination process for Aplidin, a marine-derived anticancer agent targeting multiple myeloma. The re-examination procedure aims to confirm or update the negative opinion on its Marketing Authorization Application.
PharmaMar has signed a commercialization and distribution license agreement with Megapharm Ltd. for the marine-derived anticancer drug Aplidin² (plitidepsin) in Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The agreement allows for registration and distribution of Aplidn², providing access to a novel therapy for multiple myeloma patients.
PharmaMar's plitidepsin demonstrated improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared to dexamethasone alone, with a significant reduction in the risk of progression. The study also showed better quality of life evolution and a novel mechanism of action that targets eEF1A2 protein.
Researchers found that socio-demographic factors such as income level, education, and insurance status significantly impact access to stem cell transplants for patients with multiple myeloma. Higher-income Whites and Blacks, and those with private insurance, were more likely to receive the treatment.
Researchers found that high ADAR1 levels correlate with reduced survival rates and disease recurrence in multiple myeloma. Inhibiting ADAR1 in experimental models suggests a potential approach to detect the disease earlier and address its root cause.
A study found that African-American patients with multiple myeloma have increased mutations in genes BCL7A, BRWD3 and AUTS2, while white patients have more mutations in TP53 and IRF4. This suggests a different approach may be needed for targeted therapies.
After stem cell therapy, tests like SPEP/SIFE and SFLCA may yield oligoclonal patterns that resemble the original monoclonal antibody spike. However, this is a normal response to treatment, not recurrence of the disease. The key clarifier lies in tracking the location of the malignant spike before and after treatment.
Aplidin, an anticancer agent with no hematological toxicity, is being combined with pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone to combat multiple myeloma. The quadruple combination study aims to increase the success rate of treatment by utilizing different mechanisms of action.
Researchers have demonstrated a new therapeutic approach that can re-build and strengthen bone, offering hope for individuals with the debilitating bone cancer, multiple myeloma. The treatment targets a protein called sclerostin, which halts bone formation, and found to double bone volume in some mice.
A new type of immunotherapy using CAR T cells targeting B-cell maturation protein (BCMA) has shown promising results in treating multiple myeloma, achieving a 100% objective response rate and 94% clinical remission. Most patients experienced mild side effects, with only one case of disease progression among those in complete response.
Researchers discovered an experimental drug, LCL161, that stimulates the immune system and causes tumor shrinkage in patients with multiple myeloma. The study highlights the importance of studying drug interactions with the tumor microenvironment.
Researchers found that a green tea compound may prevent light chain amyloidosis, a condition where parts of the body's own antibodies become misshapen and accumulate in organs, by transforming the protein into a non-toxic form. The study suggests potential lifesaving benefits for patients with multiple myeloma and amyloidosis.
Researchers at Uppsala University identified a new mechanism that could explain the tumor-promoting role of EZH2 in multiple myeloma. Inhibiting EZH2 reduces the survival of tumor cells by downregulating oncogenes and upregulating microRNAs with potential tumor suppressor functions.
The study found no difference in progression-free survival among patients receiving standard care, additional chemotherapy, or a second round of autoHCT. Researchers suggest that adding new therapies to the standard treatment may not provide significant benefits for patients with multiple myeloma.
Researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that an immunotherapy-based drug combination can prevent progression of high-risk 'smoldering' multiple myeloma, causing tumor shrinkage in 82.6% of patients. The treatment was well-tolerated with low toxicities and resulted in remission for many patients.
Researchers from UH Seidman Cancer Center and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center present new findings on treating multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and other hematologic disorders. The studies show significant therapeutic benefits for patients who participate in phase I trials.
Researchers from Mount Sinai Health System presented various studies on multiple myeloma and other hematological disorders at the American Society of Hematology's Annual Meeting. The studies focused on treatment protocols, biomarkers, and gene expression in these diseases.
Research suggests that excess weight increases the risk of progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma. Maintaining a healthy weight may be a way to prevent this progression, particularly in African-American men and those with elevated M protein levels.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients with multiple myeloma treated at centers seeing more cases of the disease live longer. The researchers analyzed data from over 94,000 patients and discovered a significant correlation between treatment center volume and patient outcomes.
Multiple myeloma cells communicate with healthy bone marrow cells, altering protein translation initiation to create a favorable environment for cancer growth. This crosstalk allows tumor cells to modify the surrounding microenvironment, promoting progression and disease.
A new study reveals that socioeconomic differences between white and ethnic minority patients are the main factor affecting their chances of survival. Patients with higher income, insurance status, and marital status tend to have better outcomes.