Articles tagged with Psychiatric Disorders
A team of scientists from Pusan National University conducted an updated meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between alcohol consumption and unprovoked seizures and epilepsy. They found that overall, alcohol drinkers were at a significantly higher risk of developing epilepsy compared to non-drinkers.
Breakthrough research reveals Tuberous Sclerosis Complex arises from human-specific progenitor cells, explaining its pathology. Human-derived cerebral organoid models shed light on complex brain development and potential mechanisms for other diseases.
A study by USF Genomics program found that prenatal exposure to the Rwandan genocide was associated with epigenetic modifications in genes linked to mental disorders. These 'chemical' changes can have a rapid response to trauma across generations, suggesting a possible link between historical trauma and modern-day mental health issues.
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker, microstate D, associated with increased sleep disturbance and inattention symptoms in adults with ADHD. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, provides evidence for a more precise diagnosis of the disorder.
A large observational study found that children conceived through assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have generally good mental health throughout adolescence and young adulthood. However, those born after ART had a slightly elevated risk of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which was explained by parental background factors.
A US survey found that dog owners experienced fewer negative psychological impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic compared to potential dog owners. The study suggests that dog ownership may have played a role in mitigating the mental health effects of isolation and confinement.
Researchers found alarmingly high attendance rates at hospital emergency departments for children, teens, and adult victims of child abuse and neglect. Children exposed to child maltreatment have substantially increased risk of attending emergency departments during childhood and early adulthood.
A study published in PNAS found that individuals with severe schizophrenia have a higher number of rare mutations than those with typical forms of the illness. This discovery could lead to more precise treatments for this chronic disease, which affects over 3 million Americans.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory identified a group of neurons in the mouse brain that regulates motivation and prevents addiction. Increasing activity of these neurons enhances task performance, but not to the point of addiction.
People with schizophrenia struggle to regulate their emotions as negative feelings intensify, unlike healthy individuals who employ coping strategies at higher emotional states. Researchers found that those with schizophrenia tend to be less likely to engage in emotion regulation efforts when emotions are extremely high.
A new study from the University of the Basque Country found that social interaction and contact with family members have a significant positive impact on homeless people's perception of their health. Conversely, longer periods of homelessness and reduced social connections are associated with poorer health perceptions.
A new study found a dramatic increase in people with co-occurring mental health needs and substance use disorders in B.C. prisons, reaching 75% of the prison population. The study calls for more treatment and efforts to address social and structural inequities.
Researchers discovered that eliminating α-endosulfine (ENSA) or blocking its function reduces brain changes and improves memory in mice. ENSA blocks a potassium channel, which, when blocked, combats excess ENSA levels associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Forced family separation on the US-Mexico border led to a high incidence of PTSD, depressive, and anxiety disorders in asylum-seeking children and parents. Reunification did not alleviate these symptoms, highlighting the need for continued support and intervention.
A recent study reveals that child maltreatment is associated with altered oxytocin gene methylation, leading to atypical brain structures and function. This finding suggests a potential biological mechanism for targeting during adolescence to improve the lives of victims of childhood abuse.
Children of depressed parents are more likely to develop depression and poor academic performance, according to a new study published in PLOS ONE. The study found that both maternal and paternal depression have significant effects on children's mental health and educational outcomes.
Researchers developed a method to image lithium in living cells, finding that neurons from bipolar disorder patients accumulate higher levels of lithium than healthy controls. This new tool could help optimize lithium dosage and improve treatment outcomes for patients with bipolar disorder.
Researchers at Mount Sinai found that people used forward thinking when trying to influence others, regardless of controllability. This neural activity was linked to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a decision-making center involved in strategic thinking.
A five-year follow-up study found that alexithymia levels decrease significantly from adolescence to young adulthood. Consistency of alexithymia is associated with symptoms of depression and dissociation, while age-related decline in externally oriented thinking is also notable.
Researchers have identified that moment-to-moment brain signal variability can reliably predict the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with social anxiety disorder. This finding suggests that neural variability may be a reliable indicator of individual differences in treatment response, particularly when using ...
New research highlights the potential of telehealth to increase patient engagement through improved access and convenience. However, studies found limited evidence that telehealth results in better retention or outcomes compared to in-person treatment. Researchers emphasize the need for more empirical work to confirm its benefits.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that people with mental illnesses have poorer sleep quality compared to the general population. The study analyzed data from 89,205 participants and discovered significant differences in sleep patterns, including increased waking frequency and duration.
Researchers found that an existing drug, prucalopride, can improve cognitive function by enhancing activity in brain areas related to memory. In a study of 44 healthy volunteers, those taking prucalopride performed better on a memory test and showed increased activity in the hippocampus and right angular gyrus.
A study of over 29,000 American women found that breastfeeding significantly reduces the risk of postpartum depression. Women who breastfed for longer periods had lower rates of postpartum depression, with those breastfeeding for 6-12 months showing the greatest reduction.
A new study in mice reveals that fragile X treatment can incur resistance, but also identifies potential strategies to overcome this. Administering mGluR5 inhibitors at a young age and then stopping may produce lasting benefits in cognitive ability.
A new study by UCL researchers has found that staying on long-term antidepressants reduces the risk of relapse by 39% compared to those who stop taking them. The study involved 478 primary care patients and found that 56% experienced a relapse within a year if they discontinued their medication, while only 26% did so after a full year.
A new study found that nearly three in ten people with type 2 diabetes in Scotland were prescribed antidepressants before their diagnosis. Additionally, one in ten individuals received antipsychotic prescriptions prior to T2D diagnosis. These findings suggest a link between mental health and the development of type 2 diabetes.
A study published in Communications Biology reveals that chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes impairs working memory performance by altering the connection between key brain regions. Researchers found that areas critical for forming and retrieving memories were over-connected, leading to errors in remembering correct information.
The number of autism diagnoses in England has skyrocketed by 787% over the past two decades, driven primarily by increased recognition and improved diagnosis for females. Researchers analyzed GP records and found that the greatest rises were among adults, with females making up most of the increase.
A multi-site, multi-disorder resting-state magnetic resonance image database was compiled to harmonize data from patients with various diseases, measured at 14 sites. The dataset comprises over 2,400 samples and includes 'traveling-subject' data to minimize inter-site differences.
A recent study reveals that colleges struggle to provide adequate mental health support to Asian and Latino students due to interdependent cultural values and shame. The study suggests that culturally tailored treatment services addressing these issues can improve help-seeking behaviors.
Researchers conducted a new trial to adapt Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DPT) for people with frequent Bipolar mood swings. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this adapted therapy, finding that it has demand from individuals with Bipolar disorder.
A new study found that 28.4% of adults with a history of suicide attempts are psychologically flourishing, achieving excellent mental health with factors like social support, higher income, and absence of chronic pain contributing to their well-being
A review and meta-analysis investigated the association between mental health disorders and COVID-19-related death. The study found that patients with pre-existing mental health conditions are at a higher risk of dying from COVID-19.
Using accurate language to describe mental illness and substance use disorders can help reduce stigma, improving treatment outcomes. The NIH highlights the importance of changing language to mobilize resources toward mental health services and erase prejudices that prevent people from seeking care.
Researchers developed a peer-led intervention called the Bridge that helps patients prioritize their health, access healthcare, and develop skills to self-manage their health. The approach showed a 50% reduction in emergency room use for participants in the intervention group.
A 14-day performing arts program reduced implicit cognitive biases against physical illnesses, according to a University of Barcelona study. The program combined scientific training with theatre performance and showed that participants' reaction times decreased after the experience.
People who use methamphetamine are more likely to have health conditions, mental illness, and substance use disorders than those who do not. The study found a higher prevalence of liver disease, lung disease, and HIV/AIDS among methamphetamine users.
A Texas A&M study found that racial and ethnic diversity in schools can decrease mental health risk for some Latinx students, while increasing symptoms among non-Latinx Black and Latinx students. The research used data from 389 sixth-graders across 14 urban Texas public schools.
A meta-analysis of 400+ clinical trials involving over 50,000 participants found that mindfulness, positive psychological interventions, and cognitive behavioural therapy can increase wellbeing across different groups. Consistent and prolonged practice is crucial for these interventions to be effective in improving wellbeing.
A study by researchers at the University of Basel reveals that varied physical activity is associated with improved mental health and well-being. The study found that individuals who engaged in more varied movement patterns reported better subjective well-being, but no significant impact on symptoms of mental illness.
A recent study by McGill University researchers has mapped gene signatures to functional processes across the human brain, revealing key insights into cognitive and affective processes. The findings suggest that specific genetic signals are linked to attention and memory, while others are associated with emotions and fear.
A new study reveals that unstable working life patterns in young people are associated with poorer future mental health. The study found that those with a stable working life had fewer days absent due to mental disorders over three years.
A new study found that despite the life-altering disruption caused by COVID-19, many people continued to care deeply about pursuing their goals. Those who did exhibited creative strategies to overcome restrictions and uncertain times. The study provides valuable insights into how people coped psychologically during the pandemic.
Researchers discovered that questions used to screen for postpartum depression can also identify depressive symptoms and other mental health issues during early pregnancy. A study of 2,271 women found that 85% of those with high scores had mental disorders or risk factors.
A comprehensive analysis by RAND Corporation reveals that transforming the US mental health care system is possible. The report emphasizes the need to integrate behavioral health into general health care settings, provide supportive housing for the homeless, and promote comprehensive mental health education.
A recent Canadian study revealed that women with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are eight times more likely to have attempted suicide compared to their male counterparts. The study also found that adults with ADHD who experienced childhood parental violence had triple the odds of attempting suicide.
Research highlights individual-level barriers to COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with severe mental illness, including stigma and lack of access to healthcare. The study identifies system-level solutions, such as improving mental health services and increasing vaccine accessibility, to address these gaps.
Researchers found that individuals with gambling disorder focus on irrelevant information from previous gambles, rather than considering optimal probabilities and prize sizes. This impaired decision-making can lead to continued gambling despite mounting losses.
Researchers created a holistic representation of rare disease data including previously ignored information. The tool provides access to new patient interaction data, improving understanding and treatment options.
Research by Universidad Complutense de Madrid found that ayahuasca's DMT promotes neurogenesis, forming new neurons and other cells like astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. This capacity suggests great therapeutic potential for various neurological diseases.
A survey of French university students who experienced COVID-19 quarantine found a significant increase in mental health disorders. The study identified factors associated with these disorders, highlighting the need for targeted support measures.
A new study by researchers from Florida Atlantic University and Geisinger shows that electronic health records can help pinpoint patients with opioid use disorder. By analyzing EHR data, researchers were able to identify more patients with moderate-to-severe opioid use disorder than relying on diagnostic codes alone.
The Misophonia Research Fund has awarded over $4 million in funding to researchers studying misophonia, a condition that triggers strong emotions in response to specific sounds. The funded projects will develop new therapeutic strategies and investigate the physiological basis of misophonia symptomology.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in mental health disorders and substance use issues, with evidence indicating a significant increase in these conditions. Researchers have found that the pandemic's impact on daily life has contributed to this rise.
A uOttawa-led research project aims to examine how primary care providers can offer better healthcare for people living with serious mental illness. The study will analyze the primary health care experience of this population group and identify ways to improve the system.
A study from the UK reveals a significant reduction in diagnoses of common conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and mental health issues during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings suggest that many cases may have gone undetected, undiagnosed, and untreated due to reduced healthcare engagement.
A University of Illinois Chicago team has been awarded over $4 million to establish a research center focusing on the health and function of people with serious mental illness. The center will test interventions to help patients access medical care, learn illness self-management strategies, and rebuild their lives.
Adolescents with pre-existing conditions are more likely to receive approved medication for mental illness. Children who experience initial hospitalization also tend to be prescribed these medications.
A new study by McGill University finds that housing homeless people with severe mental illness is more cost-effective than housing those with moderate needs. The Housing-First approach generates significant savings, with costs reduced by up to two-thirds for individuals with severe mental illness.