Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A recent study published in JAMA found that intraoperative blood pressure management with mean arterial pressure goals did not improve functional disability at 6 months postoperatively. The study suggests standard intraoperative blood pressure management may be sufficient for patients undergoing surgery.
A prospective cohort study found that young adults experiencing unfavorable patterns of cardiovascular health are at a marked increased risk for incident cardiovascular disease. Achieving and maintaining high cardiovascular health throughout young adulthood is crucial for preventing later-life cardiovascular disease.
A study found that US-born individuals have a higher cardiovascular disease risk than foreign-born counterparts, especially those living in the US for over 15 years. Foreign-born adults face increased risks of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia with prolonged US residency.
A repeated cross-sectional study shows that cardiometabolic risk factors in Spanish children have improved over the last 30 years, with decreases in excess weight, lipid parameters, and blood pressure. The study provides valuable insights into the evolution of cardiometabolic risk in children.
A higher cumulative cardiovascular health score in young adulthood is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and kidney events in midlife. The study emphasizes the importance of early life prevention efforts.
Approximately 5 million adults are at risk of Medicaid disenrollment due to HR 1's work requirements, with a high prevalence of chronic and function-limiting conditions. This population is particularly vulnerable to the impact of work requirements on their health outcomes.
A new study found that children who prefer pickled, smoked, and fried foods are more likely to have asthma. In contrast, seafood preference appears to reduce asthma risk among normal-weight children. The findings highlight the importance of early-life dietary habits in shaping respiratory health.
A recent study suggests that the rise in early-onset cancer incidence in the US population may not be as significant as initially thought. Much of the increase is attributed to increased diagnostic scrutiny and over-diagnosis, rather than a genuine rise in clinically meaningful cancer cases.
A large-scale study analyzing health records for over 9 million adults in South Korea and nearly 7,000 people in the U.S. found that more than 99% had at least one risk factor before their first cardiac event. High blood pressure was the most common culprit, affecting over 95% of patients.
A decision analytical model study estimates COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy will continue to yield meaningful benefits, especially in reducing infant hospitalizations. COVID-19 vaccination has been shown to be safe for pregnant individuals.
Despite an increase in US cases, worry about West Nile virus remains low, with only 15% of respondents concerned about contracting the disease. The vast majority know the best defense is preventing mosquito bites and controlling mosquitoes around their homes.
A study published in European Urology predicts a doubling of kidney cancer cases worldwide over the next 25 years. Modifiable risk factors such as obesity, smoking, lack of exercise, diabetes, and hypertension are expected to drive this rise.
A binational study found nearly 6 in 10 US adults and 3 in 10 Japanese adults discontinued semaglutide within 12 months of treatment. Patients with established cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease had higher discontinuation rates, highlighting the need for alternative treatments.
A cohort study found that poverty and social disadvantage are associated with lower fecundability and increased risks of subfertility in both women and men. The study suggests that further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms behind these findings.
A cohort study reveals oral bacteria and fungi as significant risk factors for pancreatic cancer development. The findings suggest that oral microbiota may serve as biomarkers to identify individuals at high risk of pancreatic cancer, potentially contributing to personalized prevention strategies.
A recent study analyzing data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (2016-2023) found that cardiovascular disease risk increased in Mexico between 2016 and 2023. The average 10-year CVD risk was estimated at 9.5% using region-specific tools, highlighting the need for accurate models to predict local disease burden.
A cohort study suggests nicotinamide reduces skin cancer risk, with greatest effect seen after initial skin cancer diagnosis, indicating potential chemopreventive properties of the vitamin B3 derivative
A new machine learning model predicts heart disease risk in women by analyzing mammograms, offering a 'two-for-one' screening approach that combines breast and cardiovascular screenings. The model performs comparable accuracy to traditional risk calculators without requiring extensive clinical data.
A large-scale U.S-based randomized trial shows that intensive lifestyle changes can significantly improve global cognition in older adults at high risk of cognitive decline. The intervention emphasized regular physical activity, healthy diet, cognitive stimulation, and social engagement, leading to clinically meaningful improvements. T...
A cohort study found that childhood loneliness was associated with cognitive decline and increased dementia risk in later life. Early interventions may help promote lifelong cognitive health and reduce dementia risk.
A new study finds that food insecurity is a significant risk factor for long COVID in US adults. Strengthening access to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and raising awareness about the issue may help mitigate the health impact of long COVID.
A cohort study shows bariatric surgery significantly lowers major metabolic comorbidity risk compared to medical weight management. The procedure is deemed a durable approach for obesity-related risk mitigation.
A large sample of U.S. children born between 1959 and 1966 showed a consistent association between higher blood pressure at age 7 and greater risk of premature cardiovascular disease mortality. The findings are supported by similar associations found in siblings, reducing concerns about confounding factors.
A survey study found that food insecurity declined between 2019 and 2021 but exceeded pre-pandemic levels by 2023, with new food insecurity being a major contributor. This increase is concerning as households experiencing new food insecurity face elevated risk for adverse health outcomes.
A large-scale study found that genetic variants and ancestry play a significant role in colorectal cancer risk in Brazil. The study identified nine genetic variants associated with disease risk, including four that contributed to the risk independently of other factors.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that two-thirds of women of reproductive age in the US have at least one modifiable risk factor for birth defects. The analysis highlights the need for improved preconception health and identifying and addressing these changeable risk factors before pregnancy.
A recent study found that large portions of obesity-related conditions in US adolescents and young adults are attributable to obesity. Treating and preventing obesity may reduce these conditions and associated costs. The researchers emphasize the importance of addressing childhood obesity to prevent future health issues.
A new study published in Sleep Medicine found that daily sleep patterns have a significant impact on cognitive function. Researchers discovered that individuals with moderate-to-regular sleep patterns performed better in cognitive assessments than those with highly irregular or rigid sleep patterns.
A new study found that younger men with type 2 diabetes are more likely to experience worse cardiovascular disease and mortality outcomes compared to those with type 1 diabetes. In contrast, women with type 1 diabetes face poorer health outcomes across all ages, particularly due to longer exposure to high blood sugar levels and less ag...
Researchers evaluated clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection in sellar chondrosarcomas, revealing common symptoms like blurring of vision and headaches. The study also provides recommendations for accurate diagnosis using imaging data and clinical features.
A retrospective cohort study found that GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce overall cancer risk, including lower risks of endometrial and ovarian cancers, among patients with obesity or overweight. However, these medications may also increase the risk of kidney cancer, highlighting the need for longer-term follow-up.
A cross-sectional study of 42 countries found that drought conditions are associated with increased intimate partner violence risk. The study suggests a pressing need for initiatives to prevent domestic violence in response to climate change.
Climate-related disasters pose significant disruptions to US drug manufacturing facilities, affecting nearly two-thirds of production sites. Researchers assessed the impact of disaster events on counties with US drug production facilities and found that nearly two-thirds were located in areas affected by at least one disaster declaration.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology suggests that using hearing aids can lower the risk of developing dementia, particularly in individuals under age 70. This finding highlights the importance of early intervention for hearing loss and its potential role in preventing age-related cognitive decline.
A study found that almost 50,000 adults with prediabetes and 30,000 with type 2 diabetes lived in the same households as index cases. The researchers analyzed electronic health records to identify household members with diabetes risk factors, including obesity and abnormal blood fats.
A study found no association between semaglutide treatment and diabetic retinopathy, but suggested a potential link to nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to clarify this risk.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed semaglutide or tirzepatide are at increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and other optic nerve disorders. The overall risk is low, but highlights the need for close monitoring of these conditions.
Cohort study finds GLP-1 receptor agonist use associated with modestly increased risk of incident diabetic retinopathy; however, those with preexisting DR experience fewer sight-threatening complications. Regular screening and monitoring recommended for all T2D patients on GLP-1 RAs.
Initiation of semaglutide in adults leads to reductions in weight and cardiovascular risk factors, while increasing health care expenditures. These findings suggest potential clinical benefits, highlighting the need for long-term evaluation of semaglutide's economic impact.
Younger adults with prediabetes are at increased risk of mortality, highlighting the importance of age-specific interventions and targeted prevention programs. Lifestyle behaviors and limited health care access contribute to this risk, underscoring the need for flexible and accessible diabetes prevention options.
A new study found that self-reported physical activity is associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events in individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Higher levels of physical activity were linked to lower risks of cardiovascular disease and death, even after adjusting for other risk fac...
Research shows that the 2025 Los Angeles wildfires resulted in an estimated 440 excess deaths, while the 2023 Maui wildfires led to immediate increases in suicide and overdose deaths. Higher social support was linked to improved mental health outcomes but did not buffer physiological effects.
Young adults with higher genetic risk for depression show reduced brain activity in response to rewards and punishments, while sex-dependent neural responses were also observed. This study highlights potential early indicators for depression before symptoms fully manifest.
A new study finds that living in rural areas in the first five years of life may be a risk factor for developing type 1 diabetes, whereas urban environments are associated with lower risk. The research identified significant high-risk clusters in rural areas and low-risk clusters in cities.
A study found that semaglutide and liraglutide use are associated with a higher risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in older patients with type 2 diabetes. The GLP-1 receptor agonists showed varying levels of risk, with liraglutide posing the greatest threat.
A nationwide study found that financial hardship, food insecurity, lack of healthcare access, and other social risk factors increase the risk of long COVID. The RECOVER-Adult cohort study analyzed 3,700 participants and found significant associations between individual-level social risk factors and increased risk of developing long COVID.
Patients with type 2 diabetes experience more severe financial difficulties compared to those without the condition. The study emphasizes the importance of considering patient financial health when treating type 2 diabetes, particularly for vulnerable populations.
The US POINTER trial found that a structured lifestyle intervention of regular exercise, adherence to the MIND diet and social engagement had greater benefits on global cognition compared to an unstructured intervention. The study showed significant cognitive benefit after two years in older adults at elevated risk of Alzheimer disease.
Researchers from FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine recommend using high-potency statins as the primary pharmacologic approach in treating and preventing cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle changes, such as regular physical activity and a healthy diet, are also crucial in reducing cardiovascular risk.
A new study finds that risk-reducing mastectomy is cost-effective for women aged 30-55 with a lifetime breast cancer risk of 35% or higher. The findings have significant clinical implications, suggesting that RRM could expand access to the procedure beyond BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2 pathogenic variant carriers.
This study found that moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity declined from early adulthood to midlife, with notable demographic differences. Black women experienced the lowest physical activity across adulthood and highest risk of low physical activity post-CVD.
A contemporary cohort study found a low risk of isolated locoregional recurrence (5.6%) at 10.1 years follow-up for young women diagnosed with breast cancer under 40. Surgical decision-making should not be influenced by concerns about long-term risk.
A new study found that four high-risk population groups - women, adults 45 and older, those living in poverty, and people with metabolic syndrome - are driving the increase. The study also showed that average drinking rates remained unchanged over 20 years before the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cohort study reveals preterm individuals face increased mental health disorders and cardiometabolic issues compared to full-term peers. At age 35, these risks persist despite strong evidence linking preterm birth to long-term health consequences.
A retrospective cohort study found that COVID-19 booster vaccinations significantly protected against severe COVID-19, but uptake was low. Interventions are needed to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among high-risk populations with cancer.
A cohort study found that GLP-1RAs like semaglutide and tirzepatide lower risk of dementia, stroke, and all-cause mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes and obesity. The findings suggest potential neuroprotective benefits beyond glycemic control.
This randomized clinical trial found that bedtime dosing of antihypertensive medication improves nocturnal blood pressure control and circadian rhythm without compromising daytime or 24-hour blood pressure. The study suggests potential advantages of bedtime administration for patients with hypertension.
The study reveals that many people are unaware of two crucial facts that can help reduce SIDS deaths: putting babies on their backs to sleep, and avoiding secondhand smoke in the home. The survey found that only 65% know that a baby should be put to sleep on its back, highlighting a need for increased education and awareness.
Residential segregation contributes to lung cancer development in African Americans, highlighting the need for policymakers to address disparities. Structural racism in neighborhoods affects health outcomes, emphasizing the importance of reducing racial gaps in healthcare.
The Families First Coronavirus Response Act led to a significant decrease in Medicaid health insurance loss. The study found that the Act reduced the risk of losing health insurance for individuals enrolled in the Medicaid program.