Articles tagged with Cellular Energy
Cornell University chemists have developed a class of nonprecious metal derivatives that can efficiently power cars and generate electricity with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. The breakthrough could enable wider deployment of hydrogen fuel cells, replacing combustion engines and reducing waste.
Researchers developed a novel scheme that reduces energy consumption while improving traffic prediction accuracy by up to 40% compared to benchmark schemes. The scheme uses software defined network and edge computing to control the operation of base stations, ensuring both sustainability and performance.
Researchers have successfully developed a type of self-healing perovskite solar cell by functional combination of PVP, which controls crystal growth and endows devices with self-healing ability in a moisture environment. The introduction of PVP also improves crystal growth with fewer defects and larger grains.
A team of researchers found a connection between energy production and Alzheimer's disease in zebrafish with mutated genes. They discovered that Alzheimer's disease affects the use of oxygen within cells to produce energy, leading to severe deficiency in brain function.
Exercise modifies the adaptation of the liver to increased energy intake, regulating enzymes for glucose and fructose degradation. Regular physical activity also improves glucose control and reduces fat storage in the liver, offering a comprehensive insight into molecular adaptations to high-energy diets.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech propose a new carbon-based energy storage system that uses CO2 as the primary source. The system achieves high volumetric energy density and charge-discharge efficiency compared to hydrogen storage systems.
Researchers at Kobe University discover that adding Vitamin B2 to stressed cells increases mitochondrial energy production and prevents cellular senescence. This finding has potential implications for preventing age-related disorders and extending healthy lifespans.
A study led by LSU Health found how late-onset retinal degeneration develops and identified a surprising potential therapeutic, metformin. The research suggests that an enzyme called AMPK activates the protein CTRP5 to regulate fatty acid metabolism and energy stability.
Researchers discovered that wound macrophages undergo different metabolic programs to coordinate tissue repair, including the use of reactive oxygen radicals for blood vessel growth. Macrophages also utilize a different type of mitochondrial exchange for anti-inflammatory and reparative functions in late-stage wound healing.
Researchers discovered that blood stem cells use high-energy fatty acids from the body's fat stores to power up their response to infection. This finding could lead to new approaches in treating bacterial infections, particularly in vulnerable and older individuals.
A comprehensive review of similarity theory in PEMFC research reveals its potential to accelerate progress. The study highlights the benefits of using dimensionless analysis to compare results and reduce testing efforts. However, challenges remain in developing integrated performance criteria.
Scientists discover a promising approach to creating solid materials for photon upconversion, which can transform wasted long-wavelength light into more useful shorter wavelength light. The new van der Waals crystal solution exhibits outstanding performance and efficiency, enabling the development of novel photonic technologies.
Researchers discovered that naked mole-rats rapidly decrease uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue to conserve energy in hypoxia. This mechanism may hold secrets for humans to survive and thrive in low-oxygen environments, particularly in relation to diseases like stroke and chronic pulmonary disorders.
New research from RCSI shows that an irregular body clock can drive inflammation in the body's immune cells, leading to chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes. Macrophages without a body clock take up more glucose and produce inflammatory products.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a new approach to modify the surface of copper catalysts, improving the conversion of carbon dioxide into useful fuels. The technique involves coating the copper with thin films of ionomers, which steer the reaction towards generating carbon-rich products.
A study involving Drosophila found that a constant and precisely regulated energy supply is essential for nerve development, particularly during the degradation of nerve connections. Malnutrition was shown to intensify defects in this process.
A recent study by the University of California - San Diego team discovered that glycogen regulates and promotes fat metabolism, helping to balance energy intake and expenditure. The research suggests modulating glycogen metabolism in fat cells could provide new approaches for weight loss and improved metabolic health.
Researchers have developed metal-halide perovskite semiconductors as a cheaper alternative to silicon for solar cells and LEDs. The new material class offers excellent functionality and can be processed from solution, allowing for the creation of efficient devices.
Researchers found that optimizing energy metabolism through autophagy can improve the immune system response in HIV-affected cells, providing a potential therapeutic approach. This metabolic optimization enables CD4 lymphocytes to better defend against HIV-1 by secreting IL-21, a key protein in defense against the virus.
Dr. Mohammad Al Hashmi's research focuses on reducing energy consumption in residential buildings in hot and arid climates using renewable energy systems such as solar and wind power. His framework combines building interventions and clean energy approaches to minimize environmental impact.
Dysfunction in mitochondrial respiration leads to imbalanced extracellular matrix (ECM) and tissue organization in cartilage. Research discovered the respiratory chain plays a key role in maintaining ECM balance.
Researchers have identified the structure of a protein complex, supercomplex CIII2CIV, that plays a crucial role in energy conversion in animal cells. The complex pumps charged particles through the mitochondrial membrane, facilitating energy production.
Jochen Zimmer, a UVA professor, has been awarded $9 million by the HHMI to pursue his research on biopolymer transport across biological membranes. His work aims to develop new biomaterials for medicines, food, and energy, potentially combating diseases, hunger, and climate change.
The living retina achieves sensitivity and efficiency that human engineers can only dream about, with optimized mosaics of different sensitivities parsing 40 visual features. The retinas adapt to current conditions and conserve energy by tuning out noise, making them orders of magnitude less power-hungry than smartphone sensors.
Researchers at West Virginia University have developed a solid oxide electrolysis cell that can produce high-purity green hydrogen from water. The technology has the potential to reduce carbon emissions in industrial applications, including manufacturing and power generation.
Researchers successfully mimic nano spatial compartments to create artificial mitochondria, capable of supplying ATP or other useful molecules to cells in damaged or diseased tissues. The artificial organelles are generated from Exosome fusion and can function as energy reserves in the damaged tissues.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a synthetic diiron-containing porphyrin that can efficiently catalyze the conversion of radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy. This breakthrough has potential applications in creating non-fossil-based fuels and electrochemical cells for renewable energy storage.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a novel electrocatalyst that can effectively produce hydrogen and oxygen from water at low cost. The catalyst, composed of transition metal phosphates, achieves high surface area and fast charge transfer, making it suitable for commercial on-site production of hydrogen.
A preclinical study found that age-related decline in two sirtuin enzymes alters mitochondrial dynamics, weakening cardiac contractions in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Boosting SIRT1/SIRT3 levels may help protect against such injuries, potentially reducing heart attack complications and deaths.
A new study reveals that metabolism peaks in infancy, followed by a gradual decline until age 60, with the biggest slowdown after 90. The research suggests that tissue metabolism is changing over time, contradicting previous assumptions about lifestyle and body composition.
Researchers developed direct cellulose fuel cells that directly use cellulose as fuel without reforming processes. The study found that gold is highly active in the cleavage reaction at negative potential and nickel and palladium are active in decomposition reactions at positive potential.
A study by Van Andel Institute scientists found that surplus sugar causes mitochondria to become less efficient, reducing their energy output. A low-sugar ketogenic diet reversed this effect, supporting healthy mitochondrial integrity and function.
Researchers have discovered a twin motor modified from ATP synthase in Mycoplasma mobile, which facilitates its gliding movement. The discovery has brought closer understanding of the evolution of cells and proteins, and may lead to development of nanoscale devices and pharmaceuticals.
The AIP Publishing Horizons Virtual Conference on energy storage and conversion will feature 12 speakers covering six areas of energy science from Aug 4-6, 2021. Researchers will unveil the latest advances in battery materials, thermoelectric materials, solar cells, and sensing systems.
Researchers developed a new method to quantify proton kinetic properties of triple conducting oxides (TCOs), revealing two orders of magnitude higher proton tracer diffusion coefficient. This led to improved electrochemical performance for protonic ceramic fuel cells, with recorded values exceeding previous benchmarks.
Scientists at PNNL have developed a lithium-metal battery that lasts for 600 cycles, significantly longer than previous records. By using thin strips of lithium, the team was able to reduce unwanted side reactions and improve the battery's performance.
Researchers discover that proteins PGRL1 and PGRL2 regulate PGR5's function in photosynthesis. PGRL2 is a supervisor protein that works with PGRL1 to activate PGR5, while its absence causes PGR5 to become hyperactive and destructive.
A new recycling strategy for perovskite solar panels has been developed, which could reduce the carbon footprint of these panels by up to 72.6%. The recycling process could also lower the primary energy consumption of perovskite solar cells.
Researchers have developed PSII-based biomimetic assemblies to improve photosynthetic activity, leveraging synthetic luminescent materials to boost ATP synthesis. The system combines PSII with artificial structures to optimize light absorption and overcome stability limitations.
The team successfully synthesized Christmas-tree-shaped palladium nanostructures that enhance catalytic activity for AA electro-oxidation. Multiple sharp edges observed in the nanostructures improve electrocatalytic performance.
Researchers are exploring the mechanisms of CASK loss-of-function mutation associated epileptic encephalopathy. A new mouse model suggests that deleting the CASK gene impairs mitochondrial function and energy supply to the brain, potentially causing seizures.
Researchers at CNIO have identified RagA as a molecular switch that allows cells to adapt to low nutrient levels, enabling an 'energy-saving mode' similar to what occurs in yeasts. This discovery has significant implications for understanding metabolic regulation and potential strategies to fight obesity and related diseases.
Researchers at Purdue University are working on mimicking the process of photosynthesis to harness sunlight directly into usable energy. The goal is to create a clean and efficient fuel source that could replace traditional forms of renewable energy like wind power and solar panels.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified lipid kinases as essential for balancing cellular metabolism and promoting overall health. The findings support targeting these proteins as a promising approach to treating diseases like cancer.
A new method using quantum mechanics increases energy transfer in organic solar cells, allowing for simpler structure and improved durability. This discovery has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of producing organic solar cells.
Researchers will investigate potential mechanisms using mouse models and systems biology approach to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to understand how altered mitochondrial calcium transport contributes to neurodegeneration and disease progression.
A new experiment has found that the accuracy of a clock is directly proportional to the amount of heat supplied, with more energy consumed resulting in more accurate timekeeping. This discovery has implications for future technologies and suggests that clocks are constrained by thermodynamics.
Researchers developed a rapid-testing method to check cleaning protocols in commercial food processing plants. The ATP swab test detected microorganisms on surfaces, improving environmental hygiene and product quality. The study showed that targeted cleaning can reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.
Research found that high salt concentrations suppress the activation and function of immune cells called monocytes, which can lead to reduced efficiency in fighting infections. The effects are reversible, but continuous exposure to high salt intake may pose a risk, particularly when combined with other factors.
New research reveals TMEM126A gene mutations cause mitochondrial energy production issues, leading to impaired vision and hearing. Mitochondrial disease affects almost any part of the body due to reduced energy conversion and production.
A new study reveals that critically ill patients' cells adapt to their conditions by producing energy more efficiently, with differences observed in survivors versus non-survivors. The research found that cell complexes transport electrons more effectively in those who survived, suggesting a possible key to human resilience.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found a link between a gene defect and severe epilepsy in Parson Russell Terrier puppies. The PITRM1 gene mutation causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to neurodegeneration and seizures.
A Tohoku University research team successfully created the first 3D-printed proton exchange membrane, a critical component of batteries and fuel cells. The achievement enables custom solid-state energy devices with adaptable shapes and potential applications in smart wearable devices and medical implants.
A study published in Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences found that certain types of equine gut bacteria produce chemical signals that communicate with the mitochondria in horse cells, delaying low blood sugar and inflammation. This discovery paves the way for dietary supplements to enhance equine athletic performance.
Kanazawa University researchers have fabricated a highly efficient perovskite solar cell with nearly the energy conversion efficiency of commercial silicon-based solar cells. The development has the potential to increase the competitiveness of solar cells as a sustainable energy source.
A team of researchers from Aarhus University and international experts found that solar photovoltaic technology has been drastically underestimated in the IPCC's climate-neutral energy production scenarios. The study suggests a more significant role for solar cells in achieving a fossil-free future.
Researchers developed a human model of Leigh syndrome caused by SURF1 mutations, discovering that energy deficits in neural precursors lead to neuronal defects and brain function impairment. This breakthrough provides potential therapeutic strategies, including gene replacement therapy and the use of Bezafibrate, for treating children ...
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano and IFN-CNR have developed new materials that minimize efficiency losses in organic photovoltaic cells. These advancements enable future solar cells to be more efficient, flexible, and environmentally friendly.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) have discovered the mechanism behind catalyst transformation, revealing a pathway for improved fuel cell performance. The study found that PBMO catalysts exhibit enhanced stability and conductivity when transforming from perovskite to layered structures.
Scientists at Linköping University discover where unexplained energy losses occur during singlet fission, a phenomenon that can increase solar cell efficiency. The breakthrough could lead to higher efficiency rates, from 33% to over 40%, making solar cells more sustainable.