Articles tagged with Hemoglobin
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Cavefish have evolved remarkable physiology to cope with a low-oxygen environment, including producing more hemoglobin through larger red blood cells. This adaptation allows them to forage longer in the caves, where food is limited, and may provide insights into how animals evolve elevated hemoglobin capacity.
Researchers have discovered a protein that plays a key role in the malaria parasite, leading to a potential new way to fight the disease. Deactivating this protein reduces the growth of the parasite by over 75%, making it a promising target for treatment development.
Researchers found that hemoglobin, an oxygen carrier molecule, acts as a chemosensory signal in lactating mother mice, prompting digging or rearing behavior to protect their offspring. This unique response is mediated by the Vmn2r88 receptor and is controlled by the specific ligand-receptor pair comprising hemoglobin binding to Vmn2r88.
A dietary supplement combining 5-aminolevulinic acid and sodium ferrous citrate helps slow down aging-related muscular decline in fruit flies. The study reveals improved muscle architecture and mitochondrial function, offering a potential therapeutic option to address age-related muscle health.
A new wearable headset, Kernel Flow, monitors brain activity using time-domain fNIRS. The system can record high-resolution brain signals from across the brain with performance similar to conventional systems.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis described for the first time the structure of CcsBA, a protein that transports heme and attaches it to cytochromes. The study revealed two conformational states of CcsBA, allowing scientists to characterize the enzyme mechanism.
A new cell line from human adult bone marrow can grow infinitely and differentiate into red blood cells, making it a potential source for generating endless amounts of RBCs. This breakthrough could simplify methods for establishing immortalized cell lines and select clones with maximum RBC production potential.
Researchers identified behavioral adaptations in Antarctic fish, including fanning and breathing at the surface, to cope with increasing temperatures. These responses may help them survive global warming, but little is known about their impact on predation habits and food availability.
Researchers have developed microbubbles that can acoustically detect blood oxygen levels, showing a strong correlation between oxygen concentration and acoustic bubble response. This innovation has the potential to benefit medicine and imaging by evaluating oxygen-deprived regions of tumors and in the brain.
Researchers have discovered that a low-dose oral compound, HBI-002, can safely reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina, common causes of diabetic retinopathy. The study suggests that small amounts of carbon monoxide may help protect vision in diabetes patients.
A large-scale study shows that regular millet consumption can improve hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, reducing iron deficiency anemia. The research found that millets increased hemoglobin levels by up to 13.2% and serum ferritin by an average of 54.7%.
A new study found that Medicaid expansion is associated with reductions in uninsurance and improvements in blood pressure and glucose control measurements. The benefits were highest among Black and Hispanic patients. Longer-term investments into quality care and care management are necessary to realize these health outcomes.
A new study found that lead contamination in drinking water can have detrimental effects on individuals with advanced kidney disease, affecting hemoglobin levels and requiring higher doses of medications. The study also revealed concerning inequities, with higher water lead levels observed for Black patients compared to white patients.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that smartphone photos of the inner eyelid can be used to screen for anemia. The algorithm achieved accuracy rates of up to 94.4% in predicting anemia, making it a potential tool for early diagnosis and treatment in low-resource settings.
Researchers have discovered several stool proteins that can detect colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, potentially replacing invasive endoscopy. These novel biomarkers were identified using aptamer-based screening and showed promise in early diagnosis and predicting disease progression.
Researchers used base editing to convert a pathogenic hemoglobin gene to a benign variant, rescuing disease symptoms in animal models and enabling long-lasting production of healthy blood cells. The treatment successfully edited up to 80% of the mutated gene in human blood stem cells and maintained its effects in mice for 16 weeks.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have developed a proof-of-concept treatment that can elevate adult and fetal hemoglobin levels simultaneously. The approach combines two tactics into a single gene therapy vector, which has shown promising results in vitro.
A study by CNIC scientists found that glycosylated hemoglobin can identify individuals with advanced atherosclerotic disease and increased cardiovascular risk. The test can be used to calculate the degree of subclinical atherosclerosis in the general population, enabling personalized treatment plans.
A new oral treatment, FTX-6058, has the potential to address the root cause of sickle cell disease by increasing fetal hemoglobin levels. The drug could be formulated into a daily tablet and has shown better results than current treatments in preclinical experiments.
Researchers found that penguin hemoglobin captured oxygen more readily than the version in non-diving ancestors, allowing for better oxygen capture and release. The stronger affinity also helped tissues starved for oxygen by acting as a 'stronger magnet' to pull more oxygen from the lungs.
Researchers developed an AI-powered imaging-based tool to estimate hemoglobin levels using a microfluidic chip and automated microscope. The system was validated with a high correlation coefficient of 0.99, meeting regulatory standards. This innovation could revolutionize medical diagnostics by reducing costs and laboratory footprint.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia developed a new gene therapy vector that produces more hemoglobin with a lower dose, minimizing toxic side effects. The vector, ALS20, was found to be significantly more effective than current vectors in treating beta-globinopathies.
A National Institutes of Health-funded study found that providing a higher threshold of red cells offers no survival benefit for preterm infants and does not reduce neurological impairment. The study used data from 845 infants with varying hemoglobin thresholds to compare outcomes.
A recent study presented at the 2020 ASH meeting demonstrated that Gazelle's integrated anemia-SCD test has a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting anemia, with over 92.3% accuracy. The test is expected to be available in mid-2021 and has the potential to improve disease management in low-resource settings.
Researchers have solved the debate on respiration's initial molecular events by studying nitrosyl-myoglobin. Using XES, they found that the transition from low-spin to high-spin domed heme is caused by a cascade among spin states.
Researchers found that Tibetan antelopes permanently express a juvenile form of hemoglobin, which has higher oxygen affinity, allowing them to thrive at high altitudes. This adaptation enables the animals to sustain running speeds of over 70 km/h and travel long distances without oxygen deprivation.
Researchers developed a smartphone-based technique to assess hemoglobin levels using spectral super-resolution spectroscopy, eliminating the need for bulky optical components. The new approach uses images of the inner eyelid to detect blood disorders such as anemia and sickle cell anemia
A team of researchers identified the evolutionary 'missing link' in hemoglobin evolution, revealing that complexity can emerge through simple mechanisms. The study found that just two mutations triggered the emergence of modern hemoglobin's structure and function over 400 million years ago.
Researchers have discovered a protective protein called haptoglobin that prevents free hemoglobin from damaging neurons after brain hemorrhage. By administering purified haptoglobin directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, they were able to prevent vasospasms and block toxic effects.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center use CRISPR/Cas9 to edit long-lived blood stem cells, reversing symptoms of sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. The study demonstrates efficient modification of targeted stem cells, reducing costs and risks associated with gene-editing treatments.
A recent study published in Neurology found that both low and high levels of hemoglobin are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. The study involved over 12,000 participants and followed them for an average of 12 years, revealing a significant link between hemoglobin levels and dementia risk.
Researchers found that Sherpas increase their oxygen-carrying capacity by increasing plasma volume, keeping blood viscosity low. This feature underlies Sherpa adaptation to high altitude, distinct from Andeans.
A UH researcher reports that the formation of abnormal hemoglobin clusters in red blood cells may be a crucial step in developing treatments for sickle cell disease. The study suggests that inducing similar-sized clusters in liquids and solids could have applications in nanotechnology and industry.
A new study uses CRISPR-Cas9 to repair the sickle cell mutation in patients' hematopoietic stem cells, boosting their own protective fetal hemoglobin. The approach showed promising results, with up to 40% of edited cells fixed and a significant increase in fetal hemoglobin expression.
A recent study found significant associations between genetic markers, body mass index, and symptom variation in collegiate football players with sickle cell trait. Higher levels of fetal hemoglobin are linked to better outcomes, particularly for those with higher body weight.
A new strategy to treat sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia has been developed using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, with the goal of achieving durable therapeutic effects. The approach targets blood stem cells and enables efficient production of functional hemoglobin.
A breakthrough study has revealed that the building blocks of sickle cell disease are much less efficient at organizing than previously thought. This finding could lead to new treatments, including medicines prescribed at lower doses, and improve outcomes for approximately 20 million people worldwide who suffer from the lifelong disease.
Researchers found a small increase of 0.14 percent in hemoglobin A1c levels after switching from analogue to human insulin, which falls within expected biological variation. The switch was not associated with serious hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events and improved economic outcomes for patients.
Researchers developed nanosized LiFePO4 modified electrodes for biochemical analysis, detecting rutin and hemoglobin with high sensitivity. The electrodes achieved detection limits of 8.0 nmol L-1 for rutin and 0.068 mmol L-1 for trichloroacetic acid reduction.
A first-in-human clinical trial found sutimlimab to be effective in treating severe hemolytic anemia in cold agglutinin disease. The investigational drug rapidly halted red blood cell destruction, increased hemoglobin levels, and eliminated the need for blood transfusions.
A new smartphone app uses fingernail photos to detect anemia with high accuracy, offering a non-invasive alternative to traditional blood tests. The app was developed by a biomedical engineer who lives with beta-thalassemia and aims to facilitate self-management for patients with chronic anemia.
Researchers present findings on acute erythroid leukemia, identifying five subtypes with distinct genomic features and survival rates. St. Jude also shares updates on gene therapy for hemophilia B and advances in sickle cell disease treatment.
Researchers have created phthalocyanines with a ring structure resembling that of hemoglobin or chlorophyll, which can be switched into different states with green light, affecting their chemical behavior. This discovery opens up new avenues for biomimetics and the development of novel molecules optimized for nature-specific applications.
A panel of international experts recommends stopping oxygen therapy in patients with normal oxygen levels above 96% and not starting it for certain conditions. The guidelines aim to minimize harm from excessive oxygen use, which increases mortality.
A large-scale study found that reducing the frequency of blood transfusions in cardiac surgery patients results in similar or better patient outcomes, while also saving blood and reducing costs. The study involved over 5,200 patients across 19 countries and suggests a new approach to transfusion therapy.
A blood management program safely reduced transfusions in orthopedic patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgeries. The program implemented strategies to minimize bleeding, resulting in lower hemoglobin thresholds and reduced complications.
A two-day intermittent calorie restriction diet was found to be effective for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, comparable to a daily calorie restriction diet. The study suggests that this approach may be more sustainable than traditional daily calorie restriction diets.
Scientists have discovered a protein called HRI that regulates hemoglobin production in red blood cells, potentially leading to a breakthrough treatment for sickle cell disease. Blocking the activity of this enzyme reduces characteristic sickling and improves red blood cell function.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that self-monitoring of type 2 diabetes can reduce healthcare costs by nearly 60% by replacing follow-up visits with electronic feedback. This results in significant savings on travel and healthcare costs, particularly in sparsely populated areas.
The American College of Physicians' 2018 guidance statement suggests a new target hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level for most patients with type 2 diabetes, ranging from 7% to 8%. This range is higher than previous guidelines and may have significant implications for diabetes treatment.
Researchers have finally found the answer to a 35-year-old Norwegian family mystery: a genetic mutation in the EPO gene causes abnormally high red blood cell counts. The condition, called familial erythrocytosis, affects several members of the family who were born with it, while others developed it over time.
A new study by the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute has identified protein pathways associated with changes in triglyceride and hemoglobin A1c levels in diabetic patients. The findings suggest a link between these pathways and increased risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attack, stroke, or death.
A new study published in PNAS found that extreme-altitude birds on the Himalayan Plateau and Altiplano plateau evolved similar traits to capture oxygen, despite different molecular blueprints. The study identified multiple ways for closely related species to produce the same functional outcome.
Three companies - Crispr Therapeutics, Intellia Therapeutics, and Editas Medicine - are launching clinical trials using CRISPR to boost healthy hemoglobin levels in patients with blood diseases. Researchers are also conducting extensive computer predictions and in vitro tests to minimize the risk of accidents.
A global study of over 5,000 patients found that restrictive blood transfusion practices are safe and effective, reducing deaths, heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failures. The study also reduced the number of transfusions by 28% and the amount of blood transfused by 30%.
A high dose of hydroxyurea significantly increased fetal hemoglobin levels and reduced hospitalizations among young sickle cell anemia patients. The study found that maximizing the dose resulted in a substantial reduction in hospitalizations, with nearly all patients experiencing improved health outcomes.
Researchers at MUSC are developing a gene-modifying treatment for sickle cell disease by targeting the LSD 1 enzyme. The potential breakthrough could lead to a disease-modifying treatment and fast-track human clinical trials in as few as three years.
Researchers developed a portable blood analyzer that can detect hemoglobin levels in whole blood samples using optical absorbance. The device is smaller than a toaster and can be used anywhere to monitor anemia prevalence and diagnose related conditions.
A new user-friendly interface allows cell biologists to create complex biological models using the Virtual Cell supercomputer, expanding access to modeling capabilities. The updated version of VCell enables users to define molecules and explain interactions with minimal coding, reducing complexity and increasing usability.
Researchers developed computer models that simulate the assembly of polymer fibers in sickle red blood cells, revealing new details about how different fiber structures produce abnormal cell shapes. The models can also be used to test new approaches to stopping the disease.