Articles tagged with Kidney
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Researchers found that a community-based approach to reporting APOL1 genetic test results resulted in lower blood pressure readings among hypertensive patients. This trial suggests that involving communities in genetic testing could be beneficial for reducing the risks of chronic kidney disease.
A new dialysis system can produce sterile, medical grade water in the home, providing an affordable option for patients with kidney failure. The Ellen Medical Devices Point-of-Care system has been tested and found suitable for use in peritoneal dialysis fluid production.
Researchers discovered that a specific osmolyte causes kidney cells to undergo an EMT transformation, leading to renal failure. The team found a way to prevent this change by arresting focal adhesion rearrangement, suggesting a new approach to enhance therapeutic value of common osmolytes.
A new study found that palliative care for hospitalized patients with both COVID-19 and acute kidney injury (AKI) was often called later than expected, despite the high risk of death. Palliative care supports primary doctors in managing emotional and physical symptoms while assisting in advance care planning.
A Brazilian study of 2,777 patients hospitalized between January 5 and September 12, 2021 found that vaccination was the sole predictor of mortality in those over 60 with kidney failure. Vaccination also reduced hospitalization risk among non-vaccinated patients with comorbidities.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that obesity may increase the risk of end-stage kidney disease in women with type 2 diabetes. Managing blood pressure and sugar levels is not enough to slow progression, emphasizing the need for weight management.
Young adults are disproportionately excluded from kidney transplantation, with only 1.8% of Black and 4.4% of Hispanic patients receiving the treatment compared to 10.9% of White patients within this age group. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address these disparities.
Researchers at MDI Biological Laboratory discovered that age-related chronic inflammation is caused by disruption of chromatin architecture. This leads to misexpression of genes lacking CpG islands, resulting in inflammation and loss of cellular function. The findings provide a unifying theory for the age-related degenerative diseases.
A population-based study found that reducing ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration led to significant improvements in laboratory test results for kidney function, including increased glomerular filtration rate and decreased blood urea nitrogen and uric acid levels.
A recent study led by Dr Simon Fraser from the University of Southampton found that painkiller prescriptions decreased during the pandemic, but high-risk individuals continued to receive them. The research highlights the need for greater caution when prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to prevent kidney damage.
A study by Henry Ford Health System found that one in four patients who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) die within a year, emphasizing the urgent need for improved treatments. The study analyzed data from over 1.6 million U.S. Veterans hospitalized between 2008 and 2017, providing valuable insights into AKI-associated mortality.
Researchers created two new prediction tools for patients with CKD, incorporating factors such as long-term blood sugar, inflammation, and kidney/heart injury. The models improve risk classification for stroke and heart attack within 10 years compared to standard models.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine has found that gene variants increased the risk of acute kidney injury and death in African American veterans hospitalized with COVID-19. The study, which analyzed data from over 850,000 diverse veterans, identified APOL1 variants as a key contributor to this increased risk.
Researchers found that current screening protocols for compassionate dialysis are putting too much strain on emergency rooms, leading to longer wait times. The protocols can be adjusted to relieve congestion, but only if implemented effectively.
Researchers found that 30% of fetuses who later developed ASD had heart, kidney, and head anomalies detected during routine prenatal ultrasounds. These anomalies were more common in girls and linked to the severity of ASD. The study suggests that doctors can use these signs to evaluate the probability of a child being born with ASD.
A large-scale study found that simulation-based surgical training increased surgeons' skills for complex surgeries, with fewer total complications and ureteric injuries. Simulation training led to higher overall proficiency scores and fewer procedures required to achieve proficiency in complex surgeries.
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare cancer affecting up to 1 in 1 million women worldwide, characterized by uncontrolled tumor cell growth. Researchers aim to identify new therapeutic targets using extracellular vesicles, with the goal of developing new therapies for LAM patients.
A recent study found that patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) face both short- and long-term risks, with over 1 in 4 dying within a year of hospitalization. The study analyzed data from the Veterans Health Administration and identified significant mortality trends associated with AKI.
Researchers studied 23 adults with chronic kidney disease and their caregivers, finding that challenges include burden, responsibility, and power dynamics. The study aimed to develop a practical framework for investigators to involve more patients and caregivers in research.
A team of researchers at Kumamoto University successfully created complex 3D kidney tissue in the lab using mouse embryonic stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to advances in kidney research and potentially even transplantable organs.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully transplanted a kidney from a COVID-19 donor, demonstrating that healthy kidneys from such donors can be safely transplanted. The recipient has shown no signs or symptoms of the virus and has excellent kidney function since the transplant.
A new study aims to improve antibody responses in kidney and liver transplant recipients to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses, exploring the impact of reduced immunosuppressive medication. The CPAT-ISR trial will enroll up to 400 adults with a history of organ transplants and evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy.
Men and women with advanced kidney disease show differing health-related quality of life trajectories, with women experiencing lower scores initially but a more gradual decline over time. Factors such as kidney function decline, phosphate levels, and hemoglobin also influence physical and mental health scores in both men and women.
Researchers at UAB successfully transplanted genetically modified pig kidneys into a brain-dead human, demonstrating the feasibility of xenotransplantation. The kidneys functioned for 77 hours without immediate rejection, paving the way for potential treatment of thousands suffering from kidney failure.
UAB surgeons successfully transplanted a genetically modified pig kidney into a brain-dead human recipient, testing safety and feasibility in a novel human preclinical model. The experiment showed that the xenograft perfused normally and maintained vascular integrity, paving the way for potential treatment of thousands with organ failu...
A high protein diet may harm polar bears, with captive bears showing signs of kidney disease and shorter lifespans. Researchers propose adopting a diet with a fat-protein ratio similar to that found in the wild to improve bear health and longevity.
Contraceptive use is low among women with kidney transplants in the US, with an overall rate of 9.5%. Younger age and certain racial/ethnic groups are associated with higher likelihoods of contraceptive use, while socioeconomic status and donor type do not impact rates.
A recent study published in Transplantation Direct highlights the increased risk of death from cancer and infection for kidney transplant patients. Focusing on lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and diabetes management can improve long-term outcomes for these patients.
A recent study found that the number of stage 3 AKI kidneys transplanted in the US has increased significantly over the last decade, yet 44% are still discarded. This highlights the need for further efforts to optimize the use of these organs and reduce waste.
Research from the University of Virginia Health System found that long-term use of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can lead to hardened kidney vessels. The drugs, commonly prescribed for high blood pressure and heart failure, were associated with damage in both lab mice and humans.
A new targeted therapy inhibits specific immune cells associated with lupus nephritis, improving kidney inflammation in animal models. Elevated levels of ALCAM molecules suggest a potential new path toward personalized medicine.
A case series found that a fourth dose of an mRNA-based vaccine increases antispike IgG titers in kidney transplant recipients with weak serologic response after three doses. The researchers noted no safety concerns with the additional dose and suggested its use for such patients.
A new study finds that climate change will lead to an increase in kidney stone cases, even with mitigation efforts. Researchers predict a cost of $57-99 million to the US healthcare system over seven decades, with a steeper impact if no action is taken.
Researchers at MUSC identified a potent antifibrotic peptide that reverses scarring in human and mouse tissues by activating an antifibrotic pathway. The E4 peptide has the potential to treat various diseases, including heart disease, lung fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic kidney disease.
Researchers developed a new SERS-based multiplexing technique to detect kidney injury biomarkers SLPI and IL-18, achieving high sensitivity and reliability. The approach shows promise for objectively assessing donor kidney quality, potentially reducing discard rates and recipient complications in clinical practice.
Researchers have developed a highly sensitive immuno-CRISPR assay to detect acute kidney rejection in urine, potentially allowing for early diagnosis without invasive biopsy. The test uses CRISPR/Cas12a gene editing technology to identify biomarkers of rejection, such as CXCL9, with improved sensitivity compared to existing methods.
The THINKER-NEXT trial will transplant 200 kidneys from HCV-positive donors into new patients to assess long-term outcomes and risks. The study aims to increase adoption of this practice nationwide and provide hope for those waiting on the kidney transplant list.
A new study reveals that in many countries, there are significant gaps in care related to the importance of nutrition for maintaining kidney health. Nutritional interventions can slow kidney function decline and reduce symptoms.
A clinical trial will harness synthetic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells to deplete immune B cells and plasma cells producing donor-specific antibodies, aiming to achieve a compatible kidney match for patients with pre-existing antibodies. The NIH-funded study, led by Penn Medicine, intends to begin enrolling patients in 2022.
A recent study published in CJASN found that patients who undergo retransplantation after a failed first kidney transplant have a longer average survival time compared to those on dialysis. The study analyzed data from 2,346 adults and showed that retransplantation resulted in an additional 5.8 months of life expectancy.
Researchers found scarring in COVID-19 patients' kidneys, which may lead to long-term kidney outcomes. The virus directly causes cell damage, independent of the immune system, according to a new study published in Cell Stem Cell.
New research reveals that COVID-19 vaccinated kidney transplant recipients have impaired antibody responses against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, including B.1.351 and B.1.617.2. The study found that these patients require additional vaccinations to maintain high levels of neutralizing antibodies.
Despite receiving three vaccinations, kidney transplant patients have inadequate cellular and humoral protection against SARS-CoV-2, with around 90% showing little to no protection. Researchers are now investigating the efficacy and safety of a human antibody cocktail in these patients.
Researchers have identified a gene that helps the kidney resist damage, which has major implications for Indigenous people with high rates of kidney disease. The discovery reveals that a mutation in the VANGL1 gene can cause the development of kidney disease and allows the immune system to attack the kidney.
A new study presented at Euroanaesthesia found that critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury are more likely to die in the ICU than those with pre-existing chronic kidney disease. The study also showed that dialysis treatment has little impact on survival rates for these patients.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have successfully performed their second xenotransplantation procedure using a genetically engineered pig kidney. The procedure, part of an ongoing study, demonstrates continued promise for these genetically engineered organs as a renewable source of life-saving gifts.
New research suggests that cannabis use can lead to harmful drug-drug interactions by interfering with two families of enzymes that metabolize a wide range of drugs. This could result in unintended side effects such as toxicity or accidental overdose, particularly for older individuals using medications.
A patient-centered rehabilitation program reduced hospital rehospitalization and mortality in high-risk patients with acute kidney injury. The study found that participation in the program significantly lowered rates of rehospitalization and mortality, with a 15% readmission rate compared to 34% for non-participants.
A new method measures glomerular filtration rate using D-serine clearance, showing strong correlation with GFR and lower bias than creatinine clearance. This could improve clinical practice and reduce dialysis patients.
A study surveyed AKI survivors to reveal its physical, social, and emotional effects. The results show the need for interventions to improve health-related quality-of-life for AKI patients.
Alphataxin, a small-molecule drug, has been shown to significantly suppress tumor growth in mouse models of kidney cancer, including those with lung metastasis. The treatment also increased the formation of CD4+ T cells, which is essential for the immune system's ability to kill tumor cells.
A scoping review highlights the evolution of video-based telemedicine for chronic kidney disease management, showing improved clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. However, access to broadband internet and technology literacy remain significant barriers.
A new study led by Prof. Motoko Yanagita found that the suppression of two molecules, CD153 and CD30, expressed on immune cells mitigates the progression of kidney disease in aged kidneys. This discovery identifies a promising therapeutic target for kidney treatment in the elderly.
A recent study compared immune responses in patients with and without kidney failure following different COVID-19 vaccines. The findings suggest that higher doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine may improve SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in hemodialysis patients.
A new study published in Annals of Medicine recommends that athletes returning to training after long COVID undergo a series of tests and receive regular advice from medical specialists. The researchers defined long COVID as symptoms lasting more than four weeks, and warned of the risk of organ damage and mental health issues.
Researchers found that cerebral palsy patients with low muscle mass often have inaccurately calculated kidney function, leading to missed diagnoses of advanced kidney disease. This association increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in this population.
A new risk score developed by Mount Sinai researchers can help predict possible contrast-associated acute kidney injury among patients undergoing PCI. The 'Mehran-2 CA-AKI Risk Score' enhances management of high-risk patients before, during, and after the procedure.
A recent study discovered high levels of mercury exposure in human bones from Copper Age Iberia, dating back 5000 years. Cinnabar powder used for pigments and rituals led to severe health effects, including intoxication.
A new study led by Professor Motoko Yanagita has found that advanced tertiary lymphoid tissues in kidney transplant patients are associated with progressive graft dysfunction. The presence of these tissues, which arise in chronic inflammatory conditions, can indicate a higher risk of renal failure within five years.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that chlorthalidone significantly lowered blood pressure by 11mmHg in patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease. The results also showed a 50% reduction in albuminuria, suggesting potential benefits for reducing kidney failure progression and hospitalizations.