Articles tagged with Kidney
Diabetes impairs autophagy, a protective mechanism that filters blood waste, worsening prognosis and destroying kidneys. Researchers focus on restoring autophagy to find new therapies for acute kidney injury.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania identified three novel cell populations and understood how kidney disease develops at a single-cell level. They found that specific cell types convert to each other, leading to conditions like chronic kidney disease, which affects about 14 percent of Americans.
A recent analysis found that the risk of death due to infectious causes after kidney transplantation has dropped significantly, with common bacterial infections remaining the most frequent cause. The study revealed a drop in infection-related mortality by half since the 1990s, indicating improved outcomes for transplant recipients.
A new study finds that kidney dysfunction is a contributing factor to severe malaria cases caused by Plasmodium vivax parasites. Elevated creatinine levels were associated with increased disease severity and mortality, while certain immune molecules could predict outcome in patients.
Researchers have identified two biomarkers, KIM-1 and NGAL, that can detect acute and chronic kidney damage in children with cystic fibrosis. The study found that these biomarkers increase during exposure to antibiotics, even before a decline in kidney function is detected by traditional methods.
Researchers have developed a microsensor that can monitor and adjust the composition of kidney dialysis fluid in real-time, potentially alleviating serious side effects. The microsensor, made by Eindhoven University of Technology, measures sodium concentrations accurately and live.
A clinical trial, TAKE-IT, combines electronic medication monitoring and coaching to encourage adherence behavior in adolescent kidney transplant recipients. The study shows a 66% higher adherence rate among participants who used the digital health medication management solution with coaching.
A trained navigator with a degree in social work helped increase access to the transplant waitlist among patients who needed a longer time to get through the transplant evaluation process. Nearly 70,000 US patients have end-stage renal disease and most benefit from kidney transplantation.
A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital investigators explores the influence of biological sex on transplant outcomes. Researchers found that female donor sex is associated with increased transplant organ rejection rates in male recipients, while hormone receptors may play a role in these differences.
A recent study published in International Journal of Obesity found that patients who underwent weight-loss surgery had a significantly lower risk of developing severe chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study followed over 4,000 patients with obesity for more than 20 years and showed that surgica...
A study discovered that an experimental drug connected to fat regulation prevents the formation of kidney stones in mice. The researchers found that the β3-agonist reduced inflammation in kidneys by consuming free fatty acids, potentially preventing both obesity and kidney stones. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A recent VA study found that over 30% of diabetic veterans had prior signs of chronic kidney disease. The results highlight the importance of early detection and screening for CKD in at-risk populations. Researchers propose broadening screening among patients with increased risk of CKD to prevent organ damage.
A new study reveals that changes in living kidney donation in the US over the last decade have varied by sex, resulting in a widened gap in donation between women and men. The incidence of donation was 44% higher in women after adjusting for differences in age, race, and geographic factors.
Research analysis of blood mediators in type 1 diabetes and kidney disease patients reveals 10 elevated proteins, with TNF-alpha family and IL-6 significantly impacting 40% of patients. This study suggests personalized medicine approach to target specific inflammatory mediators for effective treatment.
Research highlights the importance of preserving healthy kidney tissue and minimizing ischemia time in partial nephrectomy to prevent chronic kidney disease. Minimally invasive surgery is also shown to offer therapeutic scope without compromising oncological outcomes.
In a groundbreaking study, doctors at Johns Hopkins successfully transplanted hepatitis C-infected kidneys into patients without the virus. The recipients remained hepatitis C-free, and their kidneys functioned well, paving the way for more organs to be used in transplants.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) recommends less intensive blood sugar control targets for most patients with type 2 diabetes, aiming for an A1C range of 7-8% rather than 6.5-7%. This approach prioritizes symptom management over intensive treatment to balance benefits and harms.
Two landmark studies by Vanderbilt researchers show significant improvement in patient outcomes using balanced fluids instead of saline for intravenous therapy, leading to a decline in saline use at the hospital. The studies found a 1 percent lower incidence of serious kidney problems or death in patients receiving balanced fluids, res...
A new study by Queen Mary University of London aims to develop a 'beetroot pill' that could reduce the risk of kidney failure in patients undergoing coronary angiography. The research seeks to harness the antioxidant properties of dietary nitrate found in beetroot to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy, a common complication of the pr...
Research found that resolvin D-1 limits heart attack-induced kidney inflammation and promotes reparative macrophage change. This suggests potential application to clinical settings for treating cardiorenal syndrome.
Recent studies have compared human and mouse kidney development, revealing deep conservation of certain processes but also significant differences in gene expression and cell structures. The findings provide new insights into the processes directing cells to form functional kidney structures and may help guide emerging stem cell techno...
Researchers created an open-source data atlas of human kidney development, providing detailed molecular and cellular information. The dataset will accelerate stem cell-based technologies for kidney replacement and regeneration therapies.
A Mayo Clinic study found a steady increase in kidney stone formers, particularly among women aged 18-39. Improved imaging technology allowed for better diagnosis and classification of stones, leading to more symptomatic cases being detected.
Scientists at the University of Manchester successfully produced human kidney tissue within a living organism that is able to produce urine. The new structures contain most of the constituent parts present in human nephrons, including proximal tubules and Bowman's capsule, and have been linked to the vasculature of mice.
Researchers have successfully palliated kidney disease in mice by removing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B from renal podocytes. Mice with this modification displayed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, alleviating some consequences of diabetes.
A study published in Pediatric Transplantation found that detecting and treating dnDSA early can decrease antibody levels by 76% and prevent graft failure. However, the treatment came at a price: increased hospitalization rates for infection.
A landmark study has identified a small stretch of DNA that best predicts long-term kidney transplant success. The HLA locus genetic match between donor and recipient is crucial for predicting transplant survival and potential personalized treatments.
Researchers from ColoradoSPH identified new risk factors for a mysterious kidney illness affecting farm workers worldwide. The study found that access to water, rest, and shade reduces the rates of kidney disease onset and injury severity.
A systematic review found that living kidney donors have higher diastolic blood pressure, poorer renal function, and increased risk of end-stage renal disease. Female donors are at increased risk for preeclampsia and pregnancy-related complications.
Researchers at Westmead Institute for Medical Research are conducting a new clinical trial using water to treat polycystic kidney disease. The PREVENT-ADPKD trial aims to investigate whether drinking the right amount of water can prevent adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) from progressing to kidney failure.
Researchers found a link between renal cysts and an increased risk of stroke, independent of other factors. The study suggests that renal cysts may be an early sign of kidney damage, highlighting the importance of monitoring for this condition.
Despite policies to increase diversity, racial/ethnic minority patients are less likely to receive live donor kidney transplants. The study found that disparities worsened over the last two decades, with black patients receiving only a quarter of the number of live donor transplants as white patients.
A team of scientists developed a novel platform to study lumen formation in epithelial tubes, which can lead to diseases like atherosclerosis and kidney failure. The 3D microtube setup allows cells to form tubes under different physical constraints, revealing the importance of mechanical forces in tissue development.
A new AI model based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) significantly improves the analysis of kidney biopsy images, enabling accurate quantification of kidney damage and prediction of life remaining in the kidney. This technology has the potential to act as a surrogate nephropathologist, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Researchers found that racial and ethnic disparities in live donor kidney transplantation have persisted over the past two decades, with Black and Hispanic patients less likely to receive a transplant than white patients. The study's findings highlight the need to revisit existing strategies aimed at reducing these disparities.
Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the structure of the TRPV5 protein, which serves as a passageway for calcium across kidney cell membranes. The study reveals how inhibitor molecules attach to and close the channel, leaving calcium stranded in the urine where it can form kidney stones.
A Japanese research group develops a method to induce ureteric buds from pluripotent stem cells and successfully reproduces the higher-order structure of the kidney. This achievement is a significant step towards regenerating functional kidneys, which could potentially treat millions of patients with chronic kidney disease.
A randomized clinical trial of bortezomib in late antibody-mediated kidney transplant rejection found no improvement in transplanted kidney function or prevention of immunologic tissue injury. The treatment was also linked with adverse effects, ruling out its potential as a therapeutic option for this condition.
Survival rates for individuals with kidney failure have improved significantly over the past 22 years, with decreases observed across all age groups. Improvements in dialysis care, organ transplantation, and clinical practice guidelines may be contributing factors to these advancements.
Researchers have discovered that extracellular vesicles isolated from amniotic fluid stem cells can slow the progression of kidney damage in mice with Alport syndrome. The findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of kidney disease and point to a potential new approach for improved treatments.
Researchers at Max Delbrück Center find GRHL2 protein crucial for concentrating urine and maintaining salt levels in the kidneys. Genetically modified mice lacking GRHL2 produce more diluted urine, highlighting its importance for regulating body fluids.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis suggests that kidney dysfunction increases the risk of diabetes. Elevated urea levels, which can be lowered through medication and diet, are a likely cause of this relationship.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz have successfully prevented chronic antibody-mediated organ rejection in a rat model using immunoproteasome inhibition with the selective inhibitor ONX 0914. This approach reduces activated plasma cells producing allo-antibodies and leads to improved renal function.
Researchers have discovered that macrophages form a barrier around kidneys and that dendritic cells communicate with each other to control the magnitude of the immune response. This complex mechanism challenges previous ideas about how the kidney reacts to injury, and may lead to new strategies for protecting individuals' kidney health.
A team of researchers from the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard has developed a new compound that can protect kidney cells from death and restore kidney function in multiple animal models of progressive kidney disease. The compound, called AC1903, works by blocking a damaging feedback loop involving the protein TRPC5.
A study found that many discarded kidneys from deceased donors could have potentially been transplanted with good outcomes. The majority of discarded kidneys had traits considered unappealing, but their partner kidneys performed well after being used for transplantation.
A new study found that normothermic machine perfusion can evaluate kidney quality and suitability for transplantation. Four out of five kidneys assessed by the technique functioned immediately after transplantation.
A new study from Columbia University Medical Center suggests that DNA sequencing may offer real clinical value in diagnosing and managing patients with chronic kidney disease. The researchers analyzed 92 adults with kidney disease, yielding a diagnosis in 22 participants, including 13 individuals whose cause of kidney failure was unknown.
Researchers found genes associated with B cell receptor signaling and activation in tolerant kidney transplant recipients, suggesting an active immune regulation of B cells. The study provides insights into the mechanisms behind tolerance induction in renal transplantation, potentially leading to minimization of immunosuppression.
Researchers discovered vasopressin's role in stimulating red blood cell production, with implications for treating anemia after traumatic injuries or chemotherapy. The hormone's effectiveness was demonstrated in mouse models and clinical data from patients with central diabetes insipidus.
Researchers found that non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are associated with reduced risk of adverse kidney outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, showed that about 1 in 4 patients taking these medications experienced significant kidney functi...
A study by Indiana University researchers found that expanding the geographic range of donated kidneys could save lives and increase kidney transplants. The analysis showed an expected annual increase in procured organs ranging from 58 to 174, depending on regional sharing.
A comprehensive study of heart-spleen and heart-kidney networks reveals the interconnectedness of organ damage after a heart attack. Researchers found histological and cellular changes in the spleen and kidney, as well as bimodal inflammatory responses and irreversible dysregulation in the cardiosplenic and cardiorenal networks.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a potential alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The new manganese-based agent Mn-PyC3A produced comparable image enhancement to the standard of care with rapid clearance and less likelihood of toxicity. The study used a baboon...
A study suggests that expanding geographic sharing of donor kidneys could add 58 to 174 additional kidney transplants per year, helping more patients get off dialysis treatments. Organ quality varies from donor to donor and is concentrated in less populous regions, where patients are more willing to accept lower-quality organs.
Scientists at Duke-NUS and National Heart Centre Singapore have made a major breakthrough discovering that interleukin 11 is responsible for fibrosis and causes widespread organ damage. This finding has the potential to transform treatment of millions worldwide, as inhibiting IL11 can prevent heart and kidney fibrosis.
A new nuclear medicine test can identify kidney transplant infection in non-invasive procedures, using positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). The test has the potential to refine characterization of infectious and inflammatory kidney diseases.
Research highlights the need for better nutritional management in chronic kidney disease, where high protein diets may have deleterious impacts on kidney health. A low protein, low salt diet may slow progression and help patients defer dialysis initiation.
A study found VA patients had significantly lower rates of kidney transplantation compared to those with private insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid. The researchers suggest that distance from transplant centers and other factors may contribute to these disparities.
A history of kidney stones may increase the risk of metabolic and hypertensive complications during pregnancy. Research found that women with pre-existing kidney stones were more likely to experience gestational diabetes and hypertension.