Articles tagged with High Pressure Physics
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Researchers have developed a new way to produce fluorescence by using molecular stacking, which can lead to the creation of smarter and more sensitive pressure sensors. The study focused on two crystalline organoboron compounds that exhibit piezofluorochromism, changing color in response to pressure.
Researchers have used machine learning to study the melting of layered materials, discovering a complex two-step process that contradicts prior theories. The team identified changes in topological excitations as the key to understanding the unexpected melting behavior, enabling predictions up to 12 material layers.
Research finds that pyrope garnet can retain up to 0.2 wt.% water, potentially dominating water transport via basaltic slabs into the lower mantle. The study also reveals strong pressure-temperature dependence of water solubility in pyrope garnet.
Dr. Alison Altman, a Texas A&M chemist, has received the NSF CAREER Award to support her research on underexplored elements of the periodic table and their applications in technology. She aims to expand chemistry education at all levels, emphasizing its impact on everyday life.
The new facility enables the evaluation of materials under low-temperature hydrogen environments, critical for reducing production and operating costs. The facility will support the development of cost-effective hydrogen supply chains by validating material properties across a broader temperature range.
Researchers use quantum chemical calculations to understand sodium's transformation into an insulator at high pressures. The study confirms theoretical predictions made by Neil Ashcroft and connects it with chemical concepts of bonding.
Deep learning models have been developed to analyze X-ray diffraction data, improving the search for new materials. The models can sift through large amounts of data generated by X-ray diffraction techniques, providing valuable insights into material structure and properties.
Researchers have found that increasing pressure suppresses a regular atomic arrangement called Peierls-like distortion, which is crucial for phase-change materials. This discovery may lead to the development of new materials for advanced phase-change memory and other applications.
A new study found that high-pressure conditions in deep-sea environments preserve organic matter and nutrients, supporting a vast array of microorganisms. Researchers simulated these conditions using pressure tanks, demonstrating the importance of this process in maintaining life at extreme depths.
The interdisciplinary team, led by Kaiyuan Yang, will focus on leveraging the spin and charge of electrons in multiferroics to process and store information. The goal is to improve energy efficiency for computing devices, potentially reducing energy consumption by three orders of magnitude.
Researchers confirm fracking triggers tremors, which can be used to track fluid movement and monitor fault activity. This finding has implications for sustainability and climate science, as carbon sequestration through fracking may reduce atmospheric emissions.
A research team at USTC has achieved a new record high superconducting transition temperature of 36 K in elemental materials under high pressure. The study reveals that the structure of Scandium plays a crucial role in its high Tc, which is closely related to its phase diagram at high pressures.
Catherine Royer's research aims to understand how enzymes function under high pressure and thrive in extreme temperatures. The project could lead to the development of new biotechnological applications.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute developed an ammonia-based direct reduction process to produce sustainable iron and steel, overcoming logistics and energetic disadvantages of hydrogen. The process yields the same metallization degree as hydrogen-based reduction while forming nitrides that protect the sponge iron from corrosion.
A new method to regulate singlet fission (SF) in chromophores enables the design of SF-based materials with enhanced energy conversion. Pressure-based control strategy opens doors to novel, tunable SF materials.
Researchers developed a platform to study superconducting magnetic detection and phase transitions under high pressure using silicon vacancy defects. They successfully detected pressure-induced magnetic phase transitions in rare-earth magnets and measured the critical temperature-pressure diagram of a superconductor.
Researchers have successfully prepared highly dense superconducting bulk magnesium diboride with a high current density using an unconventional spark plasma sintering method. The material exhibits excellent superconducting properties, including a high critical current density of up to 6.75 x 10^5 ampere/cm^2 at -253°C.
Researchers discovered titanium's record-high superconductivity above 26K at high pressures, exceeding the previous record by 4K. The high-temperature superconductivity is attributed to electron correlations and phonon coupling, making it suitable for applications in diverse environments.
A recent study found that mechanical ventilation can cause irreversible tissue damage in premature lungs, leading to impaired lung cell function. The study showed that even low pressure can result in structural changes on the cell surface, disrupting molecule transport and water balance.
Researchers at Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences have discovered new hafnium polyhydrides exhibiting superconductivity above 80K, a temperature threshold previously unattained by any 5d transition metal hydride. The study reveals these compounds display high critical fields and Ginzburg-Landau superconducting coherent l...
Scientists discovered a fixed inversion point between liquid-like and gas-like states of supercritical matter, with the same location across all systems studied. This finding reveals that supercritical matter is surprisingly simple and amenable to new understanding.
Researchers have synthesized novel nitrogen compounds with ring- and spiral-shaped crystal structures under extremely high pressure. The new polynitrides contain planar, symmetrically constructed ring structures and a rare polynitrogenic double helix.
KAUST researchers have developed a new method to simulate viscous liquids up to 15 times faster than the current state of the art. This breakthrough enables faster simulations for industrial processes, medical devices, computer graphics, and visual simulations.
A study published in Cell Reports Physical Sciences has measured the physical limits for liquid water in icy extraterrestrial worlds. The results show that cold, salty liquids can remain liquid at much cooler temperatures than previously thought, extending the range of possible habitats on icy moons.
Researchers at INRS have developed a new method to study the spin dynamics inside rare earth materials, promising for spintronic devices. The breakthrough uses a tabletop ultrafast soft X-ray microscope to spatio-temporally resolve spin dynamics.
Researchers successfully synthesized a novel nitride with hexazine rings, a dianionic compound, for the first time in a laboratory experiment. The nitride remained stable under pressures as low as 20 GPa, paving the way for potential high-energy density materials.
Researchers have synthesized K2N6, an exotic compound containing nitrogen groups and packing explosive amounts of energy. The new material has a hexagonal structure with intermediate single and double bonds between nitrogen atoms.
Researchers at UNLV's Nevada Extreme Conditions Lab have discovered a new form of ice with unique properties. The team found that the transition to Ice-X occurs at much lower pressures than previously thought.
A team of scientists led by Samuel Dunning has developed an original technique to predict and guide the ordered creation of strong, yet flexible, diamond nanothreads. The innovation allows for easier synthesis of the material, which has potential applications in space elevators, ultra-strong fabrics, and other fields.
Researchers used lab-based mimicry to reveal a new crystal structure that has major implications for our understanding of the interiors of large, rocky exoplanets. This discovery could have revolutionary implications for how we think about the dynamics of exoplanet interiors.
Researchers discovered that fish generate movable vortex pairs of high- and low-pressure regions to propel themselves forward. This process involves precise control of body fluctuations, which enables the fish to swim with high motion control and flexibility.
Japanese researchers use supercomputer simulations to determine stable ternary hydrides with room-temperature superconductivity. The study identifies potential candidates, including Y-Mg-H systems, and highlights the importance of hydrogen content in superconducting phenomena.
Researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have identified a new crystal structure for hydrogen at low temperatures near 0 K and high pressures. The team used supercomputer simulations and data science to generate several candidate patterns, which were then validated through high-resolution simulations.
A new study from the University of Bath is shedding light on the behavior of saline solutions under extreme conditions, a crucial step towards carbon storage in deep-sea aquifers. The research uses neutron diffraction to examine the interaction between salt ions and water molecules at high pressures and temperatures.
The study found that applying an electrical potential can stabilize high-temperature superconducting superhydrides at much lower pressures than previously thought. This new method could lead to the creation of new materials with broad applications in consumer and industrial sectors.
Researchers have created superionic ice phases XVIII and XX by subjecting water to record-breaking pressures and temperatures. The study provides insights into the formation of these conductive forms of ice and their potential role in explaining the mysterious magnetic fields of Uranus and Neptune.
Researchers discovered MnS2 transitions into a metallic state and then back to an insulator as pressure is applied, resulting in significant decreases in resistance. This phenomenon occurs due to the interaction of electron spin states under high pressure.
The review highlights the use of pressure as a versatile method to explore new materials and gain insight into high-temperature superconductor mechanisms. Iron-based superconductors exhibit a relatively high transition temperature, with research efforts focusing on raising this temperature through pressure-induced effects.
A weather pattern known as atmospheric blocking causes reduced snowfall in Greenland, exposing older, darker snow that absorbs more heat. This results in faster melting of the ice sheet, with a potential impact of up to 25 gigatons of lost ice over three years.
A University of California San Diego engineering professor has solved the mystery of deep-focus earthquakes, which originate between 400 and 700 kilometers below the Earth's surface. Her new theory explains how high pressures cause olivine rock to transform into denser spinel, leading to volume collapse and seismic waves.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have derived equations that explain how changes in an atom's size affect its total energy and electronegativity. The study, published in Chemical Science, paves the way for advances in material development and could help identify new opportunities for high-pressure synthesis.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba successfully detect and map electronic spins in a working transistor made of molybdenum disulfide. This breakthrough could lead to the development of faster spintronic computers that exploit electrons' natural magnetism.
A team of scientists has achieved strong tricolor photoluminescence (PL) in non-photoluminescent pyrochlore Ho2Sn2O7 under high-pressure treatment. The PL is retained and largely enhanced after pressure release, with the potential applications for pressure threshold sensors on extreme conditions.
Researcher from Max Planck Institute applied large hydrostatic pressures to CeFeAsO, a non-superconducting compound. The study reveals a narrow superconducting phase emerging in the boundary region between spin-density-wave magnetism and Kondo-effect.
The University of Rochester is leading a new initiative to understand matter under extreme pressures, with potential implications for understanding planets and stars. Researchers will explore four main areas, including the behavior of hydrogen and helium, element reactions, energy transport, and direct astrophysical implications.
The Center for Matter at Atomic Pressures (CMAP) will investigate the properties of matter under high pressures, shedding light on the formation and evolution of planets. The research aims to uncover novel properties of materials and their potential applications.
A team of scientists has confirmed that liquids show elasticity and rigidity like solids at the microscopic scale, contrary to long-held assumptions. The study's findings have significant implications for nanodevices, nanostructures, and metamaterials.
Researchers at the University of Bristol discovered that liquid gallium maintains local order and forms regions of low entropy with five-fold symmetry even at extremely high pressures. This finding opens up new avenues for studying rapid temperature quenched melts leading to the production of metallic glass materials.
Scientists found pressure-induced amorphization and reversible structural transformations in sulfur dioxide under extreme conditions. The researchers discovered a phase transition from molecular to polymeric amorphous forms of SO2, shedding light on a poorly understood phenomenon in condensed matter physics.
Researchers successfully pressured tiny gold particles to assess their behavior under current flow, finding that gold behaves like a solid even at nanoscale. This discovery allows chip designers to continue using gold for critical wires in next-generation data processing devices.
Researchers at PTB have implemented a novel pressure measurement method based on electrical measurements of helium gas, offering unique possibilities to investigate helium as an important model system for physics fundamentals. This new method has been compared with conventional mechanical and electrical pressure measurements, providing...
Scientists at PPPL have developed new findings on the physics governing the balance of pressure in the scrape-off layer, which is essential for predicting plasma pressure in future fusion facilities. The research could lead to accurate forecasts for international ITER and other next-generation tokamaks.
Scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum created underwater plasmas using optical spectroscopy and modelling, producing extreme conditions that briefly surpass the sun's temperature. The resulting plasma breaks down water molecules into their components, releasing oxygen crucial for regenerating catalytic surfaces.
Researchers at KRISS successfully created room-temperature ice and controlled its growth behaviors by dynamically compressing water up to pressures above 10,000 atmospheres. This technology can artificially control the size, shape, and growth rate of ice regardless of temperature.
Researchers estimate the amount of negative pressure in liquid crystals confined in nanopores using a new method. The results show that increasing pressure slows down molecular mobility, while narrower channels increase it.
Researchers have discovered the superconducting properties of phosphine P2H4 and P4H6 under high pressure. The findings suggest that P4H6 is responsible for superconductivity at high pressures, with a Tc estimated to be 67 K.
A recent high-pressure study on PtTe2 reveals the trivial band structure plays a crucial role in its transport properties. The study observes critical transitions around 20 GPa without lattice phase transitions, and DFT calculations confirm pressure-induced DSM state annihilations at 10 GPa.
Physicists at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University developed a mini transfocator, a variable focus lens for compact and mobile optical systems. The new design offers submicron resolution and is ideal for studying biological samples under extreme conditions.
Researchers predict and experimentally identify new uranium hydrides that exhibit superconductivity, including UH7 which displays superconducting capability at -219° C. High pressure produces an unexpectedly rich collection of these compounds, many of which do not fit classical chemistry.
A Rutgers-led study predicts increased frequency of dry spells in the US and Mexico, and heavy rainfall events in south Asia and China. Subtropical stationary waves play a key role in explaining these extremes, which are expected to worsen with climate change.