Articles tagged with Academic Journals
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Experts weigh the benefits and drawbacks of routine BMI screening in schools, considering data sharing with parents. The discussion aims to empower individuals, families, and educators to address childhood obesity through compassionate and constructive strategies.
A systematic review of studies suggests that physical activity is positively related to improved academic performance in children. The findings support the idea that exercise may help cognition by increasing blood flow to the brain, reducing stress, and improving mood.
The XVIII International Botanical Congress approved sweeping changes to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, allowing e-publication and using Latin or English descriptions. These changes will take effect on January 1, 2012, and are being disseminated in five languages through leading academic journals.
A study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that over 70% of patients with traumatic brain injury reported headaches during the first year after their injury. Females and individuals with a pre-injury history of headache were significantly more likely to experience post-injury headaches.
A history of psychiatric illness before TBI is strongly predictive of post-TBI psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric symptoms during the acute post-injury period and concurrent limb injuries also increase the risk of psychiatric illnesses.
Childhood obesity is a growing threat to child and adult health, according to former US Surgeon General David Satcher. Dr. Satcher proposes five target areas for investment to improve the health of children and adults, and identifies key factors contributing to childhood obesity.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that comprehensive tort reform in Texas resulted in an 80% decrease in surgical malpractice lawsuits and a significant reduction in associated costs. The study, which spanned 18 years, showed that the prevalence of lawsuits dropped from 40/100,000 operations to ...
A new pulse oximetry training video, featuring Boston Medical Center (BMC) physician Rafael Ortega, MD, is featured in the New England Journal of Medicine. The video offers best practices for physicians using pulse oximeters, aiming to ensure patient safety.
Researchers have developed a novel method for measuring microRNA expression in specific tissues of developing zebrafish embryos. This technique uses digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes for in situ hybridization, enabling the study of miRNA's role in embryonic development and disease mechanisms.
Academic Medical Centers must adjust to new healthcare reform laws and adopt accountable care models. They need integrated systems, financial risk assessment, robust health IT platforms, and a culture shift towards quality care contributions.
A collection of essays in Astrobiology presents various perspectives on defining life, including a minimal chemical life model and the importance of feedback loops. The authors propose new ideas and theories to help determine what is and is not considered living.
Research shows that certain types of metaphors are difficult to convey in sign language due to the iconicity of a form constraining possible metaphorical extensions. Sign languages exhibit rich metaphorical use, but clashes between form and meaning components can render some metaphors impossible.
A comprehensive overview of volunteering and service activities among older people is now available. The book features essays from leading scholars and classic research articles from the Gerontological Society of America's peer-reviewed journals.
Chronic pain affects up to 30% of adults in Europe, impacting everyday lives and workability. Patients find managing pain requires adapting lifestyle, discovering new ways to express themselves, and engaging in activities that bring joy and social interaction.
The annual Stem Cells Young Investigator Award is presented to a young scientist who published an important paper in the journal. The award recognizes innovative young investigators making significant contributions to stem cell biology and applications.
A recent study of an ancient language sheds light on the mechanisms driving linguistic evolution. Researchers discovered that languages undergo a 'bumpy ride' of changes, guided by shared principles and ordered processes.
A new theory suggests that iron oxides in Martian soil decompose organic molecules through photocatalysis, converting them to carbon dioxide and methane. This process may explain the absence of organic compounds on the planet's surface, requiring deeper drilling to find preserved organics.
A study by Cornell University found that having a husband who works 50+ hours per week can hurt women's careers and increase the likelihood of quitting. Women in dual-income households are disproportionately affected, with odds of quitting increasing by 42% for those whose husbands work 60+ hours per week.
A large academic medical center found that a significant percentage of outpatient referrals for CT and MRI studies from primary care physicians were inappropriate. The study, performed at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle, WA, included medical records from 459 elective outpatient CT and MR examinations.
A new study suggests that transracial adopted children of mixed race need early and ongoing experiences within their origin's cultural communities to build healthy cultural identities. The research emphasizes the importance of culturally grounded relationships over cultural artifacts in identity development.
A new laser technique called L.I.F.E. imaging successfully detected bacteria in frozen Antarctic lakes, potentially paving the way for discovering signs of life on Mars.
A new ethnographic study reveals that unspoken memories of Holocaust survivors find silent expression in everyday family interactions, shaping the lives of their children. Eighty percent of interviewees did not experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers are developing effective treatment strategies and animal model systems to study the effects of explosive blast-induced traumatic brain injury. Current research aims to recreate battlefield injuries in laboratory settings to better understand head injuries sustained during combat.
A new study suggests a score-based system, called the Conscientiousness Index, can detect behaviours that need early investigation and provide targeted support. The index measures diligence in day-to-day behaviour and is believed to contribute to improving doctors' performance after qualification.
A new study from Minnesota found that partial bans on smoking in public places have no significant impact on employment in restaurants and bars. Communities with total bans had slightly fewer employees per 10,000 residents compared to those without any ban.
Subordinate female cichlids receive reciprocal benefits for helping dominant pairs raise offspring, increasing their reproductive potential. This finding suggests a 'pay-to-reproduce' hypothesis, where subordinates adjust their care to gain access to breeding substrate and enhance their own reproduction.
Research in PLOS ONE identifies early interactions between vision and language domains during reading, with the speech motor areas active simultaneously as words are processed. This finding has potential clinical applications for individuals with developmental dyslexia and acquired reading disabilities.
Researchers found that male chimpanzees who share their food with females can mate more often than those who don't. Sharing meat over long periods of time doubles a male's mating success, while females increase their caloric intake without incurring energetic costs.
Researchers found that females copulate more frequently with males who share meat with them, compared to those who never share. This suggests that sharing meat with females improves males' mating success and may be a long-term strategy for securing mates.
Research highlights the benefits of cooling strategies to protect brain and spinal cord after trauma, with studies on animal models, operating room use, and treatment of cardiac arrest and stroke. Therapeutic hypothermia is emerging as a promising strategy for minimizing tissue damage.
A study published in Psychology & Marketing found that when people have too many similar options, they are more likely to leave a store without making a choice. The researchers suggest that this phenomenon, known as the 'choice overload effect,' can affect people's ability to decide in certain situations.
Researchers found a significant relationship between students' academic achievement and physical fitness in an urban public school district. Students who excelled in fitness tests also performed well on standardized math and English tests.
A recent study investigates the influence of website design on children's information processing and finds that age significantly affects this relationship. Younger children (ages 7-9) prefer a map to promote search accuracy, while older children (ages 10-13) use a content list more effectively.
A study published in PLoS ONE reveals that male crickets with larger heads and mouthparts are more successful in fights, echoing an ancient Chinese text. Researchers tested the hypothesis that relatively larger weaponry conveys an advantage to males in aggressive contests.
Research found that residents with advanced degrees and those in general surgery training were more likely to discontinue graduate medical education. The study of 795 graduates from a single institution revealed that 47 residents did not complete GME in their initial specialty, with many pursuing research-based careers.
Researchers found that 3-month-old infants can share attention with two partners simultaneously, indicating advanced 'triangular capacities'. This ability is linked to better coparental coordination and adjustment within families.
A belief in luck was not sufficient to entice consumers to a lucky draw over other sales strategies, according to researchers Gerard Prendergast and Edmund Thompson. Consumers who personally feel lucky are more likely to participate in lucky draws.
A study of 1,454 youth found that 72% experienced cyberbullying, with online incidents often accompanied by in-school bullying. Most victims kept the abuse secret, fearing parental restrictions on internet use.
NASA's Mars exploration program aims to analyze Martian samples using tools and instruments on Earth. The program provides a critical component of bringing samples back to Earth, enabling precise measurements and definitive life-detection assays.
Researchers have successfully treated late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) with gene therapy, slowing disease progression in children. The treatment, which replaces the faulty CLN2 gene, demonstrated significant improvements over an 18-month period.
A recent study by Texas A&M University researchers found that increased knowledge about global warming is linked to decreased concern and sense of responsibility among Americans. The study suggests that high levels of confidence in scientists may be contributing to this phenomenon.
A new study published in the Journal of School Health reveals that children with healthier diets outperform their peers academically. The research found students with higher fruit and vegetable intake and lower fat consumption were less likely to fail literacy assessments.
Genetic Alliance has named Genetic Testing as its official journal, a peer-reviewed publication reporting on genetic testing aspects. The alliance aims to advance healthcare through informed decision-making and partnership among stakeholders.
According to historian James Anderson, the Fourteenth Amendment and recent Supreme Court decisions prohibit race-conscious school assignment. Anderson's article debunks the myth of a 'color-blind' US Constitution by examining historical records of Reconstruction legislation and its impact on citizenship and equal rights.
Dr. Feine has made significant contributions to prosthodontics through her research on implant-supported prostheses and maxillary implant prostheses on speech. She is recognized for her outstanding research accomplishments in the field of prosthodontics with the Research in Prosthodontics and Implants Award.
A study found that the BBB had reliability reports for over 69% of auto dealers, 58% of movers, and 43% of roofers. Member companies were more likely to resolve complaints, while non-members tended to categorize them as unresolved.
The study explores how immigrant families tell stories that reflect their country of origin and cultural identity. American-born children of newer immigrants are more likely to maintain ties with their family's country of origin, reflecting a shift towards cultural pluralism in the US.
A study of 89 cardiac patients found that those with longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays had a significantly lower survival rate, with a 33% mortality rate among those staying 16 days or more. The quality of life for surviving patients was also affected by the duration of their ICU stay.
Academic leaders express frustration with restricted access to research, citing difficulties in accessing articles from NIH-funded science. A six-month delay is seen as sufficient to address concerns about publishers' costs, while a compromise between the academy and publishing industry is proposed to ensure open access.
Scientists at Newcastle University have discovered a way to safely store and release hydrogen, paving the way for pollution-free cars. The breakthrough uses nanoporous materials to trap and release hydrogen gas, which could power vehicles in the future.
The 'beating heart' method eliminates damaging effects of heart bypass machines during re-do surgeries, reducing predicted deaths by 74.5%. The study's results show that off-pump surgery is a safer alternative to traditional procedures, with improved outcomes for patients.
The 2002 Annual Bibliography of Significant Advances in Dietary Supplement Research highlights recent studies on the role of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals in managing various health conditions. The publication features a list of top 25 articles selected from over 350 original research papers.
Gardner's book examines how contemporary writers are expanding and testing the idea of 'fallen poetics' explored by Dickinson. The author analyzes works by Robinson, Graham, Wright, and Howe, among others, to understand their responses to human limits and the opening out of human responsiveness.
A study of nurses found that they discuss smoking cessation with patients only 50 percent of the time due to inadequate preparation. Nurses are more likely to talk to patients about smoking if treating related medical conditions or when prompted by a patient's request.
A new study reveals that writers who took their own lives used more self-referential words and fewer communication words in their poetry. The research analyzed the works of nine deceased poets and compared them to those of nine non-suicidal peers.
A five-month study found that psychosocial counseling for war refugee mothers improved their mental health and reduced trauma symptoms. The children of these mothers also experienced significant weight gain, averaging 4.4 pounds more than the control group.
A study of 1,979 female and male faculty members found that women with children published fewer peer-reviewed research studies and reported less career satisfaction. The survey also identified specific obstacles to career advancement for women with children, including lack of on-site child care and emergency leave options.
The University of California - San Francisco will establish the country's first formally funded training program for hospitalists, thanks to a $712,000 grant from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation. The program aims to develop skilled and efficient clinicians who can lead quality care in hospitals.