Articles tagged with Academic Journals
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that video discharge instructions in the emergency department lead to a clinically important reduction in acute otitis media (AOM) symptomatology. Children of parents who watched a five-minute video experienced less symptomatology compared to those with paper handouts.
A new study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that frailty is a significant predictor of poor outcomes after traumatic spinal cord injury, particularly in patients younger than 75. The researchers identified frailty as a risk factor for adverse events, acute hospital length of stay, and in-hospital mortality.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (FOCUS) can significantly lower the likelihood of pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis in ED patients with suspected PE and abnormal vital signs. The results suggest that FOCUS can be an important tool in the initial evaluation of these patients.
Scientists successfully induce pluripotency in adult cat cells, generating stem cells that can differentiate into various cell types. The breakthrough may lead to the development of cellular models for genetic diseases affecting domestic cats and similar human disorders.
A new study found a significant relationship between racial discipline disparities and academic achievement gaps in the US. The research, conducted by Stanford University and other institutions, analyzed disciplinary and achievement data for grades 3-8 across school districts nationwide.
A study published in New Space: The Journal of Space Entrepreneurship and Innovation models population growth, caloric needs, land use, and potential food sources to determine Mars' food self-sufficiency. A diet composed of plants, insects, and cellular agriculture can meet human nutritional requirements.
A multicenter randomized controlled trial confirms an electrical-first approach is more effective in restoring sinus rhythm and shortening ED length of stay. The study found that patients managed with this strategy were discharged within four hours at a higher rate than those receiving a chemical-first approach.
A new study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that unexpectedness, health and social conditions, lack of support from family or friends, and structural issues like job market and affordable housing availability contribute to homelessness. The findings suggest gaps in current homeless prevention services and can inform futu...
A special issue of PhytoKeys highlights 23 newly described species from China's biodiversity hotspots, showcasing the country's unique flora and diverse microclimates. The discovery underscores the need for conservation efforts in these regions to counteract increasing anthropogenic disturbance and destruction.
NASA has implemented three initiatives to make it easier for small businesses to collaborate with the agency, including an annual Request for Information and Industry Day events. These efforts aim to increase commercialization of innovations and improve collaboration between NASA and the small business community.
The guidelines for managing severe traumatic brain injury continue to evolve as new evidence emerges, emphasizing the need for high-quality research and clinically applicable recommendations. Key challenges and goals for the future include generating more robust evidence and translating it into effective patient care.
A study found that pay-for-performance programs can reduce access block but may also lead to discharges associated with return visits and admissions. The program's effectiveness depends on the inclusion of specific targets, such as admission time.
Researchers used an optimized AAV9 vector to deliver the galactosylceramidase gene to a mouse model of Krabbe disease, improving clinical symptoms and prolonging median survival. The treated mice lived up to 150 days, compared to 41 days for untreated mice.
A study found that 9% of patients with acute pain conditions continued opioid use 3 months after discharge from the emergency department. Most patients used opioids to manage initial or new pain, not misuse. The study highlights the need for non-narcotic methods to treat acute pain and further research on chronic pain mechanisms.
A recent study by Washington State University researchers found that women and professionals outside of university settings are underrepresented in high-impact, peer-reviewed archaeology publications. The authors suggest that structural barriers, lack of time and resources, and limited opportunities contribute to this disparity.
Researchers have developed a novel CRISPR-based platform called SHERLOCK that enables the detection and quantification of plant genes. The platform is rapid, portable, and low-cost, with high multiplexing capability, making it an important tool for agriculture in detecting pathogens or pests and in plant breeding.
The global consumption of food and natural resources drives primate habitat loss and degradation, threatening species with extinction. Researchers suggest changing consumer habits, creating an environmental fund, and holding corporations accountable to mitigate the impact of commodities trade.
A study found that altering food order and offering substitutes lower in saturated fat can encourage healthier choices when shopping online. Participants who received these interventions chose products with less saturated fat than those with no intervention.
A study by Sophie Terp, MD, MPH, found nearly one in five EMTALA penalty settlements involved psychiatric emergencies. These cases were more costly and often associated with failure to stabilize than nonpsychiatric emergency cases.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that half of syncope patients undergo CT head scans, yielding a diagnostic rate of 1.2% to 3.8%. The authors caution against indiscriminate use and recommend future studies to develop a prediction tool for optimal CT head use.
A study found a high rate of metabolic syndrome among elderly individuals aged 60-100 years. Three simple measures - waist diameter, waist circumference, and neck circumference - were predictive of metabolic syndrome in both men and women.
A new CMP-fusion strategy called CRISPR-chrom enhances CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing efficiency, especially at previously difficult-to-target sites. The approach demonstrates a substantial increase in CRISPR-Cas9 activity with no notable increase in off-target effects.
A study found a significant increase in high-grade dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma among patients with Barrett's esophagus over the past 25 years. The prevalence of these conditions increased despite a decrease in BE length, highlighting the importance of careful examination during index endoscopy.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found no association between FQHC access and lower ED use rates among uninsured and Medicaid-insured patients. The study suggests investigating additional intervention points beyond primary care access to reduce ED overuse in vulnerable populations.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine confirms that patients treated with naloxone for opiate overdose can be safely discharged from the emergency department after one hour. The study found minimal risk of adverse events and suggests the St. Paul's Early Discharge Rule as a useful predictor of high-risk patients.
PhD students from underrepresented minority groups publish more research when their institutional culture is welcoming and sets clear expectations. Black students face challenges due to negative experiences in white settings, but these are mitigated by a sense of preparedness and belonging.
A new genus and species of ceratosaurian, Saltriovenator zanellai, has been discovered in the Lower Jurassic of Italy, dating back over 25 million years. The specimen is the world's largest predatory dinosaur and features a unique combination of ancestral and advanced anatomical features.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine finds that children and adolescents who survive firearm injuries have increased long-term mortality rates compared to those who survive nonviolent trauma. The study identifies socioeconomic disparities as a key factor in these disparities.
A screening tool can identify child sex trafficking victims presenting with high-risk health complaints in a pediatric emergency department. The study suggests that this tool presents minimal risk of harm and does not require significant extra time or resources.
The newly described fossil, Mirarce eatoni, is the most complete enantiornithine bird skeleton found in North America, providing insights into the evolution of flight. Its unique features, including quill knobs and a deeper keel on its sternum, indicate that it was a strong flier.
A recent study published in Academic Emergency Medicine demonstrated that long-term follow-up in a trauma patient population is feasible. The study used established contact strategies and various interview locations to track hard-to-reach populations. Researchers suggest exploring newer methods of contacting participants through techno...
The new law allows investigational stem cell treatments for patients with certain severe chronic diseases or terminal illnesses, sparking debate over increased access vs. unproven treatments.
A brief assessment of emergency department (ED) threat perceptions can identify patients at risk for developing cardiac-induced PTSD. The study developed a seven-item measure to assess subjective feelings of helplessness or lack of control in ED patients evaluated for acute coronary syndrome.
A new open-source electronic husbandry repository has been developed to manage zebrafish colonies, capturing demographic metadata and tracking fish mortality and fertilization. The cloud-based system is accessible via an everyday smartphone, enhancing reproducibility in science.
Professor Anita McGahan received the inaugural Education Impact Award from the Strategic Management Society for her exceptional contributions to quality and innovation in teaching strategic management. The award acknowledges her dedication to improving teaching skills and empowering others through high-quality materials.
Researchers developed innovative business models for space-related start-ups, including DIT Space, which commercialized satellite images and created competitive advantages. The study highlights the growth of space entrepreneurship worldwide, with a focus on Central America.
The RAC's elimination would shift review responsibility to local Institutional Biosafety Committees. The new approach aims to reduce redundancies between FDA and RAC roles in human gene therapy.
A new study found unpredictable and potentially harmful levels of higenamine in US weight-loss and sports/energy supplements, urging consumers to use caution. The researchers call for independent testing and certification of dietary supplements to minimize adverse health effects.
A new study published in Academic Emergency Medicine finds that risk adjusting for race and poverty improves the apparent performance of hospitals treating large numbers of nonwhite or poor patients. The study's lead author recommends including sociodemographic adjustment in payment models to prevent harm to vulnerable populations.
The 3.4 billion year old Strelley Pool microfossils had chemical characteristics similar to modern bacteria, supporting a biological origin and ranking them amongst the world's oldest microfossils. The analysis also shows that these ancient fossils have survived extreme conditions over the last 3.4 billion years.
A study found significant improvement in cone function and no abnormalities in treated eyes for up to six years. The treatment used an AAV5 vector delivered a CNGA3 gene therapy, offering hope for treating genetic blindness.
A new study shows that a single injection of AAVB1-GAA gene therapy prolonged survival and improved enzyme activity in a mouse model of Pompe disease. The therapy also targeted the respiratory system, improving ventilatory measures.
A study of 230 family SMEs found that involved boards are crucial for innovation, with strategic involvement driving value creation. The researchers highlight the importance of knowledge, competences, and capabilities of board members in promoting entrepreneurial attitudes.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University finds that watching short films set in natural environments can improve body appreciation, while urban settings have no effect. This suggests a potential low-cost solution for promoting healthier body image, especially for those with limited access to real natural environments.
Addgene has made over 100,000 CRISPR plasmids available to laboratories worldwide, democratizing genome editing research. This global access has enabled the advancement and flourishing of CRISPR technology.
A new study reveals significant differences in post-concussion symptom severity and length of recovery between male and female college athletes. Notably, female athletes who used hormonal contraceptives experienced different outcomes compared to non-users, suggesting a potential impact on concussion recovery.
A recent review article emphasizes the urgent need for more clinical research, data, and prognostic models on traumatic brain injury in older adults. The lack of geriatric-specific TBI guidelines presents barriers to optimal care, and the authors discuss issues related to neurocritical care, neurosurgical management, and rehabilitation.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that training on synthetic and live tissue models did not result in a difference in performance for five critical procedures. The results suggest that further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of simulation training for emergency medicine and trauma teams.
A multidisciplinary approach to identify and care for young women with ischemic stroke may lead to improved outcomes. The study proposes creating clinical decision rules, educational campaigns, and preventive strategies to address the unique challenges in this population.
The US space exploration program should focus on robotic sample recovery and human missions to Mars, according to Scott Hubbard, Editor-in-Chief of New Space. He highlights the benefits of this strategy, including offsetting costs through international partnerships.
A study published in Brain Connectivity found significant differences in functional architecture and interactivity of the default mode network in adolescent and young adult males with autism spectrum disorder compared to those without ASD. These findings could lead to the development of new imaging-based diagnostic markers for autism.
A new study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that traumatic spinal cord injuries can lead to persistent changes in metabolism, blood flow, and oxygenation up to 7 days post-injury. This suggests that current clinical practices may not be sufficient to prevent ischemia-related damage.
A new study describes the 3D printing of Shape Memory Polymers to produce active meta-materials that can change shape and recover their original state when heated. The researchers demonstrate that these 4D structures can achieve large area changes of up to 200% within a programming and recovery cycle.
Researchers found berberine improves diabetic encephalopathy through the SIRT1/ER stress pathway in db/db mice, linked to better lipid metabolism and decreased fasting glucose. The compound also protects against central nervous system degeneration and cognitive impairment.
A randomized, double-blind study found that haloperidol reduces nausea and pain in patients with acute gastroparesis, suggesting it as a promising adjunctive therapy. The addition of haloperidol to conventional therapy is better than conventional therapy alone without side effects.
A new method successfully removes cellular material from human livers while retaining the three-dimensional structure and extracellular matrix components. The technique enables reseeding of these scaffolds with human cells, providing proof-of-concept for generating bioengineered liver grafts.
The article discusses a debate over Mars exploration strategies, with some experts proposing the relaxation of planetary protection policies to expand the search for life on Mars. Current robotic missions may be hindering the discovery of Martian life due to contamination concerns, but easing policies could lead to breakthroughs.
This special issue of the Journal of African American Studies marks 40 years since Prince went pro, featuring scholarly analysis of his groundbreaking debut album For You. The collection provides fresh perspectives on Prince's innovative approach to music production and control.
A new study suggests that primary care providers' failure to discuss sexual orientation and behaviors with MSM is a significant barrier to accessing PrEP. The researchers found that improved communication would allow for more open discussion about health risks and preventive interventions.
Scientists have successfully generated dopaminergic neurons in a non-human primate model using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from adult marmoset monkeys. This breakthrough advances the use of marmosets as a model for Parkinson's disease, enabling the development of regenerative medicine approaches.