Articles tagged with Population Studies
A large population-based case-control study found a small increased risk of composite adverse outcomes with long-term oral corticosteroid use among individuals with atopic dermatitis. Health professionals must weigh benefits against potential risks, and monitor for adverse events.
A population-level study found no increase in neonatal and infant mortality rates during the initial COVID-19 pandemic period. However, social distancing measures were linked to higher preterm birth rates with a lag period.
A new study uses machine learning to analyze the genetic diversity of two amphibian species, finding that different processes shaped their evolution. The research suggests that population demographic events and contemporary landscape factors played a significant role in shaping the genetic variation of these species.
A new study found that children who move multiple times between ages 10 and 15 are 41% more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those who don't move. This effect is stronger than growing up in an income-deprived neighborhood, suggesting a settled home environment may protect against future mental health issues.
A Texas A&M University study found that stand-biased workstations led to more standing time, reduced sitting time, and fewer discomforts compared to traditional desks. However, the benefits were not statistically significant, and energy expenditure was higher in stand-biased groups.
Research teams should prioritize South Asian leads to avoid misguided interpretations and promote best practices. Funding agencies should also include South Asian people in reviewing grants to acknowledge community expertise.
Research reveals that residents of America's wealthiest communities face higher economic losses from natural disasters and exposure to air pollution, despite having more assets. In contrast, low-income municipalities have higher suicide rates, homicide rates, and firearm fatalities, but lower access to health services.
A meta-analysis of North American correspondence studies found that perceived warmth and competence ratings predicted callback differences between identities. Applicants with lower callback rates were often rated as less warm and competent, highlighting the role of social perceptions in hiring bias.
A study published in the Journal of School Violence found that over 9-12% of 13-17 year olds in the US engaged in digital self-harm between 2019 and 2021. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to address this growing issue.
A recent analysis found that nearly half of US counties lack a cardiologist, exacerbating rural-urban health disparities. Counties without cardiologists tend to be more rural, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and experience higher cardiovascular mortality rates.
A new study has found that gestational carriers experience a severe maternal morbidity rate of 7.1%, significantly higher than unassisted conceptions (2.4%) and IVF conceptions (4.6%). Gestational carriers are also at risk for postpartum haemorrhages and hypertensive disorders, which can be serious complications during pregnancy.
A study of 2,001 American adults found that cryptocurrency ownership is associated with belief in conspiracy theories, support for political extremism, and the 'Dark Tetrad' of personality traits. Fringe social media sources are also a key predictor of crypto ownership.
A Swedish researchers have created a questionnaire test that quickly identifies individuals at high risk of heart attack. The test has been shown to be as accurate as blood tests and blood pressure measurements, detecting 65% of those at the highest risk of cardiovascular disease.
A new study has validated the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ) with incarcerated and perinatal women, revealing strong connections between trauma exposure and negative mental health outcomes. The findings suggest that increased attention to mental health care is necessary for these vulnerable populations.
A new study of over 3,000 people found that dietary quality was closely linked with trends in general cognitive ability, with those eating more recommended foods showing improved cognitive performance and reduced risk of dementia. Establishing healthy dietary patterns early in life may support brain health throughout life.
A six-year study found that consuming diets more closely aligned with the Mediterranean and DASH diets can lower levels of harmful blood markers and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. These dietary patterns emphasize plant-based foods, healthy fats, lean proteins, and low intake of processed foods and sugars.
A large study found that older adults consuming higher amounts of ultra-processed foods were about 10% more likely to die over a median follow-up of 23 years. Higher intake was associated with modest increases in death from any cause and heart disease, but not cancer-related deaths.
Research by Lancaster University found that people in higher social grades, including corporate world and education sectors, are adopting each other's speech patterns to be more inclusive. This 'resonance' has increased over the past 20 years, particularly among those with high social status.
The American College of Physicians reaffirms its policies on LGBTQ+ health, emphasizing the need for access to evidence-based gender-affirming care and research into improving care for transgender individuals. The updated policy paper also recommends protecting civil rights and implementing public policies that uphold the ability to ta...
A new method, PURPLE, estimates how often underreported health conditions occur in different demographic groups, providing a more accurate picture of intimate partner violence. The algorithm shows that women from lower-income brackets are more likely to experience violence, consistent with previous literature.
Researchers used modern technology to estimate the number of rock gardens on Easter Island and food production, revealing that the island couldn't sustain a large population. The study's findings contradict the long-held notion of an ecological catastrophe and instead suggest a more sustainable approach to agriculture.
A Japanese online survey experiment examines how public confidence in the military is affected by civilian control during an armed conflict. Participants showed significant loss of trust in the military when it deviated from civilian control, but not significantly when the legislature was involved.
Researchers developed a method to collect and plant genetically diverse red spruce seeds, resulting in higher establishment success and increased forest resilience. The approach pools multiple seed sources, increasing evolvability and minimizing deleterious mutations.
A new index reveals that election administration performance varies widely among counties, with lower-performing areas often having greater numbers of low-income people and racial minorities. The study found that urban areas tended to rank lowest on the index, while more affluent counties performed better.
A new study from POSTECH forecasts over 110,000 premature deaths in Korea by 2050 due to PM2.5 exposure and rapid population aging. To mitigate this burden, PM2.5 concentrations must be reduced to approximately 6 µg/m³.
Researchers found a negative association between highly processed food consumption and healthy eating among Japanese children and adolescents, with confectioneries positively correlated. The study suggests that reducing processed food intake could be beneficial for public health.
A new study highlights the limitations of current brain health models, which may not apply to diverse populations in Latin America. The research emphasizes the need for tailored and personalized models that consider unique factors such as genetic admixture, socioeconomic inequities, and social determinants.
A special issue of the Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine explores cerebral palsy beyond childhood, highlighting topics like mental health, sexuality, and independence in adults. The issue aims to address long-overlooked aspects of CP care, promoting a broader perspective for improved patient outcomes.
A study by Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research found that Italian mothers with 3+ children have a significantly shorter working life (7.6 years) compared to fathers (18.3 years). In contrast, Finland shows minimal differences in working life between mothers and fathers, with both working for pay for about 17.4 years.
A new study by UCL researchers found that socially connected older people experienced a sharper drop in quality of life and life satisfaction during the pandemic. In contrast, more isolated adults experienced a greater decline in loneliness but similar levels of life satisfaction.
Researchers analyzed 30 Nextdoor neighborhoods and found that information sharing indicates social capital formation, while discussions on suspicious persons may prompt biased behavior by law enforcement. The study contributes to understanding the digital media ecosystem's relationship with local communities and civic life.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo have developed a framework to analyze and visualize population mobility data, which could help in allocating resources and personnel effectively. The study used GPS data from displaced individuals in Russia's invasion of Ukraine, revealing patterns of migration that vary by socioeconomic status.
A study of 370 patients undergoing elective surgery found that those with higher levels of awareness about anesthesia had better understanding of general and local anesthesia. Patients who underwent surgeries related to eyes, nose, and throat scored higher on the knowledge test due to limited sources of information.
A recent analysis reveals that Black individuals in Pennsylvania are less likely to receive naloxone, a medication that reverses opioid overdose. Hispanic decedents had similar odds of naloxone administration as white decedents.
A new model predicts a decrease in species diversity by 39% due to climate change, compared to traditional models' forecast of 54% loss. The study reveals that some species may better tolerate climate change than expected, with 49% of species living in climate niches that could expand under warming conditions.
A study published in World Psychiatry found that the content we consume online has a greater impact on our health than the amount of time spent online. The report highlights the importance of taking an individualised approach to how the Internet affects mental health, cognition and social functioning.
Research highlights varied associations between social isolation and mortality risk across demographic groups, including socioeconomic disparities. The study emphasizes the importance of considering sociodemographic heterogeneity in understanding the impact of social isolation on health outcomes.
The study highlights the significant post-COVID recovery of youth aged 25-34 in employment, while those aged 16-24 experienced a slower recovery. Innovative programs and practices for supporting youth with autism in their employment search are also discussed.
Patients living far from comprehensive cancer centers (CCC) have higher odds of receiving late-stage cancer diagnoses. Non-Hispanic Black patients and those with no insurance also experience disparities in cancer staging. CCCs can improve outcomes by adopting standardized catchment area assessments and sharing patient care information.
A new study found that rates of obesity and severe obesity increased among Black, Hispanic, and foreign-born students in NYC public schools. Despite overall decline in obesity prevalence, these groups saw significant increases, with Black students experiencing a larger relative increase.
A review of 49 studies suggests vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and death. However, the authors note that remaining knowledge gaps must be addressed before making large-scale diet recommendations.
A new transit station in Japan significantly reduced average healthcare expenditures per capita over four years, with savings of approximately $929.99. The study used a causal impact algorithm and time series data to analyze the medical expenditure data gathered from a suburban city on the West Japan Railway line.
A survey conducted by Binghamton University found that 53% of Americans give impulsively to charities at checkout, with women, Black respondents, and middle-class individuals under 50 being top-giving demographics. The total raised from checkout campaigns has increased yearly since 2012, but the frequency of donation requests may lead ...
A UCLA-led study reveals that chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer in women over 65 can lead to a significant decline in physical function. The study found that 30% of older women who received chemotherapy experienced a substantial decline, with climbing stairs and walking being the most affected activities.
A study of over 470,000 adults found that those who frequently add salt to their food are 39-40% more likely to develop stomach cancer. The research highlights the connection between high salt consumption and stomach cancer in Western countries, raising awareness of the negative effects of extremely high salt consumption.
The research group found that the Japanese population can be divided into three clusters, with different concentrations in Okinawa, Northeastern Japan, and Western Japan. They also identified genetic variants associated with hereditary breast cancer and provided insights into gene sequences derived from Neanderthals and Denisovans.
New studies published in Preventive Medicine Reports and BMC Public Health found that segments about community firearm violence on local television news are often demographically and geographically unrepresentative. They also frequently contain harmful elements, such as blame of victims or reinforcement of racist stereotypes, which can...
Researchers created a corticolimbic index tool that categorizes Alzheimer's disease into three subtypes based on brain changes. The study found demographic and clinical differences among sex, age at onset, and rate of cognitive decline.
A study by UC San Diego researchers found that closing the US-Mexico border during COVID-19 increased HIV transmission due to continued drug tourism. The study analyzed data from participants who crossed the border, revealing nine new cases of HIV contraction primarily during the pandemic.
Research found that one more job per 100 Black workers in a county was associated with .29 fewer overdose deaths per 100,000 Black Americans. The study suggests that economic context is critical to understanding the demand side of the drug epidemic among Black Americans.
A Rutgers study reveals that price is the biggest barrier to a vibrant second-hand EV market, with lower-income buyers often priced out of the market. The study suggests that increasing charging station availability and expanding subsidies could promote greater used EV uptake across income groups.
A study found that almost 17% of adolescents experience weight-related bullying online, with the highest rates reported by Twitter users. The survey also revealed a strong association between screen time, social media use, and weight-related bullying, with a 13% increase in bullying for every additional hour of screen time.
Researchers aim to understand mechanisms behind high ADRD rates among MENA immigrants, a growing demographic. The study will investigate daily living, stress, genetics, brain health, and cognitive ability, using MRI-based imaging and cognitive assessments.
Researchers created a new approach to understanding peri-urban regions, where urban and rural characteristics blend, to improve urban planning and people's lives across the Global South. The 'peri-urban turn' uses Causal Loop Diagrams to map connections between health, place, demographics, governance, and economy.
A new study analyzing building footprints in US metropolitan areas identifies five distinct neighborhood types associated with varying socioeconomic and demographic traits. These neighborhoods differ in footprint size, shape, and placement, reflecting differences in population density, homeownership rates, and commuting habits.
US pharmaceutical spending surged to $473.12 billion from 2011 to 2020, with diabetic medications accounting for a significant increase. The study found that antidiabetic agents were the most expensive therapeutic area, with Medicare and Medicaid contributing significantly to the costs.
A study of health care personnel reveals delayed COVID-19 testing was more common among non-Hispanic Black HCP and those with other racial backgrounds compared to non-Hispanic white HCP with graduate degrees. The findings highlight sociodemographic disparities in the response to COVID-19.
A new study found that mistreatment in childbirth is common in the US, with over 1 in 8 birthing people experiencing mistreatment. The most common forms of mistreatment include being ignored or shouted at by healthcare providers.
Researchers identified four weight-gain trajectories and factors associated with rapid or gradual weight gain, including age, sex, ethnicity, and baseline body mass index scores.
A nationwide study in Japan found an increase in the number of patients with incident renal replacement therapy due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) from 2006 to 2021. The incidence rate increased in older age groups, peaking in 2018-2021.