A study by McGill University researchers found that students from schools starting earlier slept less and were more likely to be tired in the morning. Delaying school start times could help Canadian teenagers sleep better and give them a better chance for success.
Scientists discover a new phenomenon of metastability in liquids, creating a metastable liquid directly by decompression below the melting point. The results could be important for developing new materials and understanding planetary interiors.
A new study reveals that obesity surgery has been shown to be as effective for teenagers as for adults, resulting in significant weight loss. However, the study also highlights potential complications, including bowel obstruction and gallstones, which require further monitoring and support.
Scientifics found that lower leaves of corn and Miscanthus are less efficient in low light, leading to a 10% loss in potential yield. This 'Achilles' heel' likely applies to other C4 crops, such as sugarcane and sorghum.
Researchers have developed a novel PET radiatracer called Neuroflux to quantify olfactory sensory neurons, improving measurements of olfactory health. The study found decreased signals in young animal models before cognitive symptoms onset, demonstrating the vulnerability of olfactory neurons.
Researchers analyzed DNA sequences from 169 house shrews to uncover their genetic origins and migration routes. The study suggests that people traded on a larger scale than previously thought, with species from Asia and Africa showing similar genetic traits despite geographical distance.
A new study provides powerful new tools for clinicians to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk globally, especially in resource-poor settings. The researchers developed two models: one using lab-based blood measurements and another that can be used without bloodwork, improving CVD risk prediction in low- and middle-income countries.
A new method for filtering genetic study results has been developed to refine understanding of preterm birth risk factors. The technique, known as evolutionary triangulation, uses ancestry patterns to identify key genes involved in preterm birth.
Carnegie Mellon scientists develop synthetic gold nanoparticles with hierarchical structures similar to proteins, revealing mechanisms of self-assembly and potential applications in drug delivery and electronics. The study achieves the complexity of protein molecules through atomic-level understanding.
Monash University has been awarded a USD 9.7 million grant to lead a five-year research project on transforming water infrastructure and sanitation practices in urban slums globally. The project aims to improve human health and well-being in informal settlements, with potential applications for new water management policies worldwide.
The ACA expanded insurance coverage and access to care for patients with chronic medical conditions, but nearly 1 in 7 remained uninsured. Home sleep testing was found to be as effective as lab testing in managing obstructive sleep apnea.
A new study found that providing medical assistance in dying in Canada may not increase healthcare costs and could even reduce spending by up to $138.8 million. The researchers used data from the Netherlands and Belgium, where medically assisted dying is legal, to estimate the impact on Canadian healthcare spending.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health finds that all NYC toddlers studied had flame retardants on their hands, with mothers having lower levels. The researchers detected a higher concentration of flame retardants in toddler hand wipes compared to their mothers.
A University of Illinois study found that about one-third of rural farmers across five African countries have trees on their farms, contributing 17% to their annual household income. Trees can act as biodiversity corridors, linking forests and providing wildlife habitat, while also offering income potential to poor farmers.
A new study finds that e-cigarettes are expanding tobacco product use among youth, particularly those at low risk of starting with cigarettes. The researchers analyzed survey data from over 140,000 middle and high school students and found no evidence that e-cigarettes have caused a decline in youth smoking
A Florida State University researcher investigated how carbon moves from the ocean surface to greater depths and remains there for hundreds of years. The study found that certain areas of the sea, particularly fronts where temperature or salinity changes, act as giant conduits moving carbon to deeper depths.
Researchers found that breast cancer tumors evolve to produce their own estrogen supply, making treatments like aromatase inhibitors ineffective. The study, published in Nature Genetics, aims to increase treatment options for patients whose cancer has returned and spread.
New research shows that forests 'held their breath' during the recent global warming slowdown, releasing less carbon back into the atmosphere. During this period of slower warming, worldwide forests took up more carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and stored it in the natural environment.
Researchers found 33 places in breast cancer genomes where tandem duplications were most often found, leading to further cancerous changes. These 'hotspots' may create new driver mutations, making tumours more aggressive and potentially responsive to different treatments.
A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial investigated the effects of recombinant antithrombin on gestation duration and neonatal morbidity in expectantly managed patients with early onset preeclampsia. No improvement was found in outcomes, with no reported safety events related to Recombinant Antithrombin.
A study of 2,000 pregnant women found that certain bacterial species in the cervix were associated with a lower risk of preterm birth, while others increased the risk. The findings offer new hope for preventing prematurity and its devastating consequences.
A clinical trial found that Verapamil therapy improved symptoms in patients with CRS and nasal polyps, representing a promising novel therapy for the disease. The treatment's effectiveness was limited among patients with higher body mass indices.
Researchers discovered that yeast breaks down amino acids to create a pool of nitrogen for use in protein synthesis, contrary to conventional wisdom. This finding could lead to better control of fermentation and improved wine quality.
The MacKinnon lab has reconstructed the three-dimensional architecture of three molecular channels using cryo-electron microscopy. The findings reveal intricate details about how these channels function, with implications for understanding muscle contraction, heart rhythm, and other physiological processes.
Researchers have found that heat-dissipating compression clothing offers no temperature-controlling benefits during exercise in physically active young people. However, for older individuals, the use of these garments can increase body temperature and cardiovascular stress. The study suggests that athletes should avoid using heat-dissi...
A RAND Corporation study found that convincing low-cost lunch truck operators to provide healthier meals is possible with proper training and support. The study showed that healthier meals can be profitable for food trucks, especially those targeting white-collar or residential areas, and that consumers give them high ratings.
Researchers evaluated the effects of laser tissue welding on simulated spina bifida repair in rabbits, finding that it did not cause damage to spinal cord or skin tissue. The study suggests a potential breakthrough in fetal surgical repair procedures, offering a possible solution for reducing complications and improving outcomes.
Researchers found that fetal genomic sequencing increased the detection rate of genetic findings by 10-30% in women with pregnancies complicated by major fetal congenital anomalies. The study also revealed new associations with genes and intolerant OMIM disease-associated mutations, improving patient counseling and neonatal treatment.
A new species of crab has been discovered in coral rubble off the coast of Guam, with a genus name inspired by 'Harry Potter' character Harry Conley. The species features reduced eyes and well-developed antennae to survive in dark depths.
The Lomonosov Moscow State University has launched the world's largest digital herbarium, featuring over 786,000 scanned images of plant samples. The database is part of the 'Noah's Ark' project and provides a valuable resource for studying and conserving biological diversity.
A Tel Aviv University study finds that the influx of non-indigenous species through the Suez Canal is causing irreversible damage to Mediterranean marine ecosystems, including the decline of native species and habitats. The researchers call for effective management measures to prevent further degradation and loss of ecosystem services.
Researchers found that people prefer large, widespread species for basic needs like food and medicine due to their ability to produce large quantities. In contrast, smaller palm species are often used for psychological and self-actualization needs with less dependency on biological traits.
A small group of children with autism and moderate to severe gastrointestinal problems showed significant improvements in behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms after receiving a fecal transplant. Parents reported positive changes that lasted at least eight weeks after treatment, while doctor-reported symptoms decreased by 22-24%.
A study published in the journal Microbiome shows that fecal microbial transplants can improve gastrointestinal symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorders by 80%, while also improving social skills and sleep habits by 20-25%. The treatment, which involves transferring live gut bacteria from a healthy donor to a recipient, has s...
A new study found that genetic differences significantly affect engagement with online media, including games for entertainment and education, and social networking. Heritability estimates suggest that genetics account for up to 39% of time spent on online gaming.
Scientists have found that toroidal magnets can be used to detect axions, one of the dark matter particle candidates. The CAPPuccino submarine, a type of toroidal magnet, has been designed to amplify the energy of photons generated from the axion-photon interaction.
A study across 10 countries found that aluminum cookware made from scrap metal contaminates food with high levels of lead, arsenic, and cadmium. The investigation reveals a significant risk to public health, particularly for children, who may experience IQ reduction, brain damage, and cardiovascular disease.
A new study suggests that a 'psychological vaccine' can help build tolerance to climate change misinformation, shifting opinions closer to the truth. Researchers found that pre-exposing people to small amounts of misinformation can provide resistance against subsequent exposure.
A new study found that sepsis accounts for the highest rate of hospital readmissions and associated costs among four tracked conditions, including heart attack, heart failure, COPD, and pneumonia. The study highlights the need to improve sepsis outcomes and reduce readmissions.
The new inverse algorithm stabilizes CO2 retrieval iterations using Levenberg-Marquardt parameters and a scale factor. Preliminary validations show improved quality of the MDNM-based retrieval results.
The frequency of meteorological disasters has increased due to global warming, causing severe social and economic losses in China and globally. The Collaborative Innovation Center on the Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters aims to resolve key issues related to these phenomena through joint research.
Research by Sarah Arpin found that supportive partners provide a buffer to loneliness and sleep deficits in military couples. Sharing good news with partners can improve overall health and workplace success.
Researchers explore how educated individuals resist scientific messages by cherry-picking information to support their beliefs. To change minds, it's essential to understand underlying motivations and tailor messages that align with these roots.
Astronomers have discovered one of the brightest non-active galaxies in the early universe, BG1429+1202, located 11.4 billion light-years away. The galaxy's high luminosity was made possible by a gravitational lensing effect caused by a massive elliptical galaxy along the line of sight.
Researchers at UC San Diego are working on developing new treatments for Zika virus infections and ovarian cancer using stem cell-derived natural killer cells. They have already reported promising results, suggesting that some FDA-approved drugs may be effective against the virus.
Researchers developed a new mouse model that faithfully reproduces the pathologies of COPD and CF, revealing two key pathways: oxidative stress and protease-antiprotease imbalance. The model shows promise for developing new medication therapies.
Scientists propose a theory that large-scale vegetation patterns in arid ecosystems result from local interactions among plants and animals, rather than a single cause. Insect nests create visible clues for territory boundaries, influencing vegetation patterns.
Xia emphasizes that big data is about more than just numbers and requires new mathematical methods to analyze. Researchers in mathematics, signal processing, and computer science must develop these new tools to unlock the full potential of big data.
Pre-operative liquid feeding is associated with reduced post-operative abscesses and intestinal leakage by nine-fold, with only one of 38 patients developing these complications. This study suggests exclusive enteral nutrition as a bridge to safer semi-elective surgery for complicated Crohn's disease patients.
Researchers used buoys' trajectories to simulate debris motion, finding areas with high probability for MH370 crash. The analysis is consistent with recently confirmed aircraft debris finds, highlighting the importance of sustained ocean observations.
Researchers at Tohoku University identified two new types of microRNA that improved hyperglycemia in a mouse model of diabetes. These miRNAs were shown to promote insulin-producing cell proliferation and regeneration, offering potential for therapeutic beta-cell regenerative therapies.
SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate renoprotective effects by reducing intraglomerular pressure, hyperfiltration, and improving renal function in patients with diabetes. Additionally, these drugs modulate the renin-angiotensin axis, which may contribute to their observed benefits.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Tech found that the yeast protein Lsb2 forms a 'metastable' prion in response to elevated temperatures as a protective mechanism against stress. This discovery suggests that prions may play an adaptive role in cell survival.
A new technique allows scientists to precisely regulate protein production from genes, enabling the design and study of biological systems. This breakthrough can be used to produce desired products, such as medicines, or study disease-related genes, including those implicated in cancer.
Children with asthma were 51% more likely to become obese due to respiratory problems and potential weight gain from medication. Using asthma inhalers reduced this risk by 43%. The study suggests early diagnosis and treatment may help prevent childhood obesity.
The Venus flytrap captures insects to extract nutrients and energy. Researchers found that the plant produces additional energy by oxidizing amino acids from its prey.
A survey of over 1,000 participants found strong evidence that individuals with depression and psychopathy are attracted to satanic practices for magical power. This correlation yields new perspectives on early-onset depression and highlights the need for verification in psychiatric hospitals.
Researchers at UPV and NUP-UPNA develop a new invisibility cloak that can make objects invisible in diffusive environments, such as fog or cloudy water. The device uses transformation optics to manipulate light and conceal the object from view.
Researchers used imaging technology to track immune cells in living animals and identified a molecule required for their entry into the joint, which sets off inflammation. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory arthritis.
A study on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) found that 44% of patients were under-treated, while only 19% received recommended medication regimens. Patients who were under-treated had fewer exacerbations, indicating that ignoring guidelines may be beneficial in certain cases.