Researchers at UC Davis found that doubling cage sizes and providing double-compartment cages can significantly reduce upper respiratory disease in shelter cats. This simple change improves feline well-being, lowers staff stress, and increases adoptions, ultimately saving more lives.
A study by researchers at the National University of Singapore found that almost half of breast cancer patients experience cognitive decline during treatment, with symptoms persisting up to a year after. The study highlights the importance of early screening and management to improve quality of life for survivors.
Researchers have found that nitric oxide regulates neuron function by modulating a signalling step at the synapse, changing the position of the complexin protein within a synapse. This regulation can help understand neurological conditions and potentially lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
The absence of Sp7 transcription factor halts tooth development in mid-stride, preventing the maturation of cells responsible for creating dentin and enamel. This discovery adds to our understanding of craniofacial abnormalities, which are common birth defects in humans.
Researchers developed a hydrogenated diamond circuit operational at 300 degrees Celsius, outperforming silicon-based devices in terms of efficiency and temperature resistance. The discovery has potential to improve energy savings and enable the construction of smaller, lighter electronic devices.
A University of Pittsburgh bioengineer uses experimental and computational approaches to study the neural mechanisms of eye movements directed to stationary and moving objects. The team records activity in neurons of the superior colliculus to understand how the brain processes visual information during saccadic eye movements.
Researchers have developed a hybrid system combining inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals with a molecular catalyst, achieving efficient hydrogen production. The system shows remarkable catalytic activity in water without the use of toxic metals like cadmium.
Researchers from Penn State have developed a new sodium-based material that can be used as an electrolyte in solid-state batteries. The material has defects allowing it to transfer ions, making it safer and potentially cheaper than current lithium-ion batteries.
Internet gaming disorder has a complex background of personal, familial, and environmental factors that increase risk for certain individuals. The review notes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is a good starting point for diagnosing IGD.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have uncovered the role of MYC and LIN41 in reprogramming cells. They found that MYC helps cells overcome a roadblock, while LIN41 blocks another protein that causes the roadblock, allowing adult cells to successfully convert into induced pluripotent stem cells.
Research reveals vampire bats' reliance on their genome and microbiome for survival on a low-energy diet. The study shows that the bat's microbiome helps compensate for the lack of vitamins and fatty substances in their blood-based diet.
A researcher is exploring the emergence, transmission, and intensification of mobile pastoralism across the Eurasian steppe. The project will analyze human and animal bones, teeth, pottery, and other remains to understand how people relied on sheep, goats, cattle, and horses for food.
A Yale research team identified a gene that can spur regeneration of axons in nerve cells severed by spinal cord injury when eliminated. The study found over 580 genes potentially involved in regeneration, with one gene, Rab27, leading to successful axon regeneration in mice.
A recent study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that patients with one or more high-risk clinical features are at high risk for acute aortic dissection. The study also identified that patients with no high-risk and multiple low-risk features are at low risk for the condition.
Researchers create StimDust, the smallest deep-tissue stimulator capable of stimulating major therapeutic targets in the peripheral nervous system. The device is powered wirelessly by ultrasound, with an efficiency of 82 percent, and can be implanted in minimally invasive procedures to monitor and treat diseases.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute professor Michael Amitay has received a $894,000 grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research to study flow separation on swept wings, which could lead to improved aerodynamic performance. The project aims to clarify and classify the origins of unsteadiness and turbulence in 3-D large-scale se...
Remnants of Tropical Cyclone Iris continue to linger off Queensland, Australia, with moderate to high vertical winds shear. The system is moving through warm sea surface temperatures, creating favorable conditions for potential re-development into a tropical cyclone.
A new staging system for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) predicts the length of time until a child will need a transplant or dialysis. The system takes into account three factors: glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and disease etiology.
Researchers found a 54% increase in marine heatwave days every year, with significant impacts on ecosystems, biodiversity, fisheries, tourism, and aquaculture. The study also revealed an acceleration of the trend in marine heatwaves since 1982, with profound economic consequences.
A new study presents contrast-enhanced subharmonic imaging (SHI) as a promising tool for detecting prostate cancers not identified by MRI. SHI provides improved contrast signal and tissue suppression, leading to better visualization of microvascular architecture.
A new study reveals that cheetahs modify their eating strategies depending on the presence of top predators like lions and hyenas. Mothers with cubs prioritize vigilance over speed, while single females and males focus on quick consumption to avoid prey theft.
A new study found that fathers are rarely included in family-based interventions designed to prevent childhood obesity, despite their significant influence on children's eating habits. The research emphasizes the need for more inclusive interventions that engage fathers to effectively improve weight outcomes.
Donovan Argueta, a UC Riverside graduate student, has won a $25,000 Ford Foundation fellowship to continue his research on the biological mechanisms driving increased eating behaviors in obesity. The one-year fellowship will allow him to complete his doctoral degree and pursue a postdoctoral position.
Researchers identified various resistance mechanisms in ALK+ and ROS1+ lung cancers, including kinase mutations and non-genetic changes. A second study demonstrates the ability to detect these changes in patient blood samples using ctDNA tests, potentially easing early detection of treatment failure.
Researchers at Duke University have designed a thin material that can control sound waves with almost perfect efficiency, revolutionizing the manipulation of acoustic waves. The device uses a class of materials called metamaterials to redirect and reflect sound waves, offering significant improvements over previous devices.
Scientists decoded faint distortions in the universe's earliest light to reveal huge tubelike structures known as filaments, serving as superhighways for delivering matter to dense hubs. The study provides new insights into the formation and evolution of the cosmic web, including dark matter.
Researchers at NYITCOM propose thyroid hormone therapy as a safe and effective alternative to beta blockers for patients who cannot tolerate these medications. The study found that thyroid hormone treatment improved heart function, reduced infarction size, and enhanced vessel function.
A new study highlights the potential health benefits of a US salt reduction strategy, which could prevent 450,000 cardiovascular disease cases over 20 years. The policy aims to reduce sodium intake in processed foods, resulting in significant cost savings for healthcare systems and the economy.
A new design proposes a top-level intelligent dispatch system that incorporates artificial systems and real-world input to find the best way to dispatch power quickly and efficiently. By leveraging historical operation actions and records, the dispatch system can convert human experience into intelligent technical models.
Researchers at Hiroshima University used machine learning to design chiral crystals, analyzing 686 molecules and predicting the best chemical groups. The model, trained on data from 1000 achiral crystals, suggests that carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen elements are most likely to coexist in a chiral crystal
A large study found a significant link between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and dementia, with the risk increasing by 24% in individuals with TBI history. The study also found that the severity and number of TBIs were associated with increased dementia risk.
Researchers at TU Wien have created a comprehensive mathematical model that accurately replicates the complex growth behavior of penicillin-producing organisms. This model is now helping Sandoz GmbH to optimize its production process, ensuring optimum quality by adjusting parameters such as nutrient supply in real-time.
Researchers have developed a tool using carbon nanoparticles to detect antidepressants in urine samples, improving analytical properties and enabling early disease diagnosis. The new method enhances the ability to adsorb, making it fast and easy to extract antidepressants from urine, even at low concentrations.
Researchers aim to eradicate chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) by targeting specific cancer cells. The team has discovered a binding site on CLL lymphocytes that pulls antibodies into the cells in minutes, allowing for more effective treatments.
Research at Goethe University Frankfurt reveals that the human brain prepares for dawn and dusk by reducing resting activity in the visual cortex, allowing it to process weak visual stimuli more effectively during these times. This mechanism may have provided an evolutionary advantage in the pre-industrial era.
Researchers found that adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy regimen for women with uterine serous carcinoma significantly increased progression-free survival time, from an average of eight months to 12.6 months. The treatment showed promise in reducing tumor growth and improving overall survival.
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers suggests that perceived charisma can balance out the negative effects of a narcissistic personality on voters' perceptions of leaders. The study found that charisma and values alignment contributed to voter choice, while media coverage and social media amplify familiarity with cand...
Researchers at OIST Graduate University discovered that polarization affects the motion of electrons in a two-dimensional system. By inducing rotation in both electrons and microwave fields, the team observed oscillations in electron current, indicating that electrons are indeed affected by polarization.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a 7-DOF haptic interface allowing for seven degrees of movement. The interface enables true haptic interaction and can be used in medical simulation, virtual assembly and remote manipulation tasks.
A comprehensive study assesses health patterns in the US, revealing wide disparities between states. The Global Burden of Disease study estimates change in disease, injuries, and risk factors from 1990 to 2016 by state.
The new Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupils score (GCS-P) tool combines GCS scores and pupil reactivity to provide a more comprehensive assessment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity and prognosis. The GCS-P has been validated to be as predictive as other, more complex models, while being easy to apply and communicate.
Researchers developed alternative catalysts made of cheaper and more readily available materials with equally high efficiency. The study found that the structure and composition of iron-nickel sulphide influence its electrocatalytic properties.
Researchers at UTSA investigate the potential for vaccine development against Cryptococcus, a fungus that can cause deadly fungal meningitis in immunocompromised individuals. The study highlights the need for further research to overcome current challenges in distinguishing between human and fungal cells.
A novel point-of-care Hepatitis C assay has been developed to diagnose chronic cases in asymptomatic patients, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The assay detects HCV RNA reliably, faster than existing methods, and can be used at the point of care, reducing the need for centralized laboratories.
Researchers at UEA are using silent marine robots to record underwater sounds, providing valuable information on sea-surface wind speed and monitoring storms. The robots can also eavesdrop on marine life, such as whales and dolphins, and detect human activities like marine traffic and seismic surveys.
A recent study found that malnutrition and anemia prevalence among Rohingya children in a Bangladeshi refugee camp is alarming, exceeding emergency thresholds of 15% and 40%, respectively. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted nutrition support to address this critical public health issue.
The April 2018 issue of Vascular Medicine explores the latest imaging and diagnostic techniques for vascular disease. Key findings include updates on ABI testing, duplex ultrasound, MRA, and CTA, as well as recent advances in MRI for patients with PAD.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that vertebrate species, including humans, exposed to stress prenatally tend to have higher stress hormones after birth. The researchers analyzed data from all known studies across vertebrates and found consistent effects of prenatal stress on offspring stress hormone levels.
Research from the University of Copenhagen found a U-shaped relationship between HDL cholesterol levels and risk of infectious diseases. Individuals with both very low and very high HDL cholesterol had high risks of hospitalization and death from infectious diseases, including gastroenteritis and pneumonia.
A Norwegian study reveals that even mild concussions can lead to long-term headache woes, affecting twice as many people as the general population. The research highlights the need for closer follow-up of patients with head injuries who experience persistent headaches.
A new scoring system, GCS-Pupil, improves the assessment of brain injuries by adding a simple score for pupil response. This allows doctors to quickly predict patient conditions and make informed decisions about care.
The proposed system, called FabRec, would allow companies to share manufacturing data in a secure and reliable manner, increasing transparency and efficiency in the supply chain. This public network could help small- and medium-scale manufacturers gain access to potential clients, while also promoting accountability and authenticity.
Research finds that coastal stream restoration projects are unevenly distributed across central California, favoring areas with more affluent residents. The study analyzed 699 sites of publicly funded restoration projects between Santa Cruz and Santa Barbara counties, identifying native fish presence as the primary ecological driver an...
Researchers found all frailty scores associated with future mortality, and some linked to cardiovascular disease but none to cancer. Certain scores outperform others for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular health outcomes.
Researchers at NIST created a plasmomechanical oscillator (PMO) that modulates light and amplifies extremely weak mechanical and electrical signals. The device, composed of a gold nanoparticle and a silicon nitride cantilever, can amplify faint signals with amplitudes as small as ten trillionths of a meter.
Studies found that a specific brain circuit regulates daily aggression patterns, which can be controlled to minimize evening-time agitation common in dementia patients. By manipulating this circuit, researchers aim to develop new treatments for managing sundowning syndrome.
In a study on Baltimore neighborhoods, researchers found that mosquito bites vary by socioeconomic status, with rats being the primary blood meal source in lower-income areas. Humans and cats are also bitten, but proportionally more frequently in higher-income neighborhoods due to human behavior.
A team of researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute has discovered a human receptor protein on the surface of cells that malaria parasites interact with as they navigate through the body. This finding provides a key clue in understanding how to develop an effective malaria vaccine, potentially saving millions of lives.
A composite thin film made of two different inorganic oxide materials significantly improves the performance of solar cells by optimizing its ability to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. The material achieves a record power conversion efficiency of up to 4.2%, making it promising for future solar technologies.
The Childhood Obesity Declines Project (COBD) has successfully implemented community-based strategies to combat childhood obesity, documenting their development and implementation. The project's findings provide valuable insights into effective programs and policies that can help address the rising prevalence of childhood obesity.