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Science News Archive April 2021 - Page 33


Page 33 of 46

SMART discovers the science behind varying performance of different colored LEDs

The study reveals indium atoms are randomly distributed in low-indium content InGaN and partially phase-separate in higher-indium content material. The findings advance understanding of atomic microstructure and its effect on LED performance, enabling future research to optimize compositional fluctuations.

SourceSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART)·JournalPhysical Review Materials·DateApr 12, 2021

Student's second-year homework picked up by Amazon quantum researchers

Researchers have optimized a second-year physics project to effectively double its capacity to correct errors in quantum machines. The simple yet ingenious change has been adopted by Amazon's quantum computing program and Yale University, enabling a shorter timeline for achieving scalable quantum computation.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 12, 2021
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Volcanic pollution return linked to jump in respiratory disease cases

A new study found that respiratory diseases increased by nearly a quarter in Iceland following the Holuhraun lava eruption in 2014-2015. The research highlights the need for decision-makers to prepare for health issues associated with returning emissions from volcanic eruptions.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 12, 2021
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Prehistoric Pacific Coast diets had salmon limits

Researchers have found that prehistoric Pacific Coast people employed various dietary solutions to balance their diet and avoid 'salmon starvation'. They offset stored salmon protein with acorns, root crops like camas, and fat-heavy fish, and traded or processed bone marrow from caribou and elk.

SourceWashington State University·JournalAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology·DateApr 12, 2021

Imbalance in gum bacteria linked to Alzheimer's disease biomarker

A study by NYU College of Dentistry and Weill Cornell Medicine found that older adults with more harmful than healthy bacteria in their gums are more likely to have evidence for amyloid beta, a key biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. The researchers suggest that high levels of 'good' bacteria may be protective against Alzheimer's.

SourceNew York University·DateApr 12, 2021

Decreased winds and onset of autumnal leaf changes

A 34-year climate study reveals that decreased wind speed is associated with delayed onset of annual leaf drop, extending favorable growth conditions later into autumn. The authors suggest that reduced soil drying due to decreased winds may be a key factor in this phenomenon.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 12, 2021
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Deep Learning model developed at UHN to maximize lifespan after liver transplant

Researchers at UHN have developed a deep learning model that can significantly improve long-term survival and quality of life for liver transplant recipients. The model is based on a large dataset from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients and has been validated using a local dataset from UHN's Ajmera Transplant Centre.

SourceUniversity Health Network·JournalThe Lancet Digital Health·DateApr 12, 2021

Exercise promotes healthy living and a healthy liver

Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that exercise regimen reduced liver steatosis by 9.5%, liver stiffness by 6.8%, and FibroScan-AST Score by 16.4%. Exercise preserved muscle mass, independent of weight loss, and induced anti-inflammatory responses.

SourceUniversity of Tsukuba·JournalJHEP Reports·DateApr 12, 2021

Road salts and other human sources are threatening world's freshwater supplies

A new study by UMD-led researchers reveals that road salts and human sources are threatening the world's freshwater supplies, releasing toxic chemical cocktails that can poison drinking water and harm human health. The study calls for coordinated management and regulation to address this growing global threat.

SourceUniversity of Maryland·JournalBiogeochemistry·DateApr 12, 2021
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

New study: Thick sea-ice warms Greenland fjords

Thick sea-ice outside fjords increases their sensitivity to warming, contrary to expectations. Warmer surface water temperatures can contribute to faster melting of glaciers and changing biogeochemistry in the fjord waters.

SourceStockholm University·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·DateApr 12, 2021

Marshall University researcher receives $400K NIH grant to study nervous system development

A Marshall University researcher has received a $400K NIH grant to investigate sex-dependent interactions in brain cell development, aiming to develop targeted therapies for individuals with autism and schizophrenia. The research will uncover novel roles of sex and hormones in brain development, shedding light on neurological dysfunction.

SourceMarshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine·DateApr 12, 2021

Unusual fossil reveals last meal of prehistoric pollinator

A Cretaceous beetle fossil, named Pelretes vivificus, has been found to have fed on pollen from early flowering plants, providing conclusive evidence of the intimate association between ancient pollinators and angiosperms. The discovery sheds light on the origin of this mutualistic relationship.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalNature Plants·DateApr 12, 2021

Ocean bacteria release carbon into the atmosphere

Researchers discovered that deep-sea bacteria dissolve carbon-containing rocks, releasing excess carbon into the ocean and atmosphere. This process allows scientists to better estimate Earth's carbon budget, a key driver of global warming.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota·JournalThe ISME Journal·DateApr 12, 2021
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Excess mortality in the United States

A study by Samuel Preston and Yana Vierboom compared age-specific mortality rates between the US and European regions. The US experienced 13.02 million years of life lost to excess mortality in 2017, a 64.9% increase since 2000.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 12, 2021

The relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall is restoring

Research led by Prof. Ping Huang found that the ENSO-Indian summer monsoon rainfall relationship has been strengthening since 1999/2000, driven by tropical Atlantic SST anomalies. This restoration of the relationship improves climate prediction and restores confidence in physical process-based predictions.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalThe Innovation·DateApr 12, 2021

UConn researchers find bubbles speed up energy transfer

Researchers at UConn used ultrafast lasers to measure the interaction between helium atoms, discovering that bubbles can enhance energy transfer. This finding has significant implications for understanding how living tissues react to radiation exposure.

SourceUniversity of Connecticut·JournalPhysical Review X·DateApr 12, 2021
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Ben-Gurion University researchers developing probiotic yogurt-based drugs

Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have identified new drug candidates based on molecules isolated from probiotic Kefir yogurt. The molecules were found to disrupt cell-cell communication in pathogenic bacteria, offering a promising approach against antibiotic-resistant infections.

SourceAmerican Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev·JournalMicrobiome·DateApr 12, 2021

Study snapshot: Untested admissions

A study found that test-optional admissions policies at selective private institutions led to a 3-4% increase in Pell Grant recipients, a 10-12% increase in first-time Black, Latinx, and Native students, and a 6-8% increase in women enrollment. However, these gains were relatively small compared to the overall student body.

SourceAmerican Educational Research Association·JournalAmerican Educational Research Journal·DateApr 12, 2021
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Human-induced drying trend in Central Asia since the 1950s

Research highlights human-induced drying trend in Central Asia since 1950s, linked to climate change and air pollution. Enhanced greenhouse gas emissions shift subtropical westerly jet, leading to descending motion and drought.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalGeophysical Research Letters·DateApr 11, 2021

Differences of cloud top height between satellites and ground-based radar revealed

A new study reveals inconsistencies between satellite and ground-based radar data on cloud top height, highlighting the importance of surface temperature in these discrepancies. The Tibet Plateau proved an ideal location for this research, providing high elevation and sparse weather reporting stations.,

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateApr 11, 2021
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Scientists put the stopwatch on cannabis intoxication

A comprehensive analysis of 80 scientific studies found a 'window of impairment' of 3-10 hours caused by moderate to high doses of THC. Impairment duration varies depending on dose, method of consumption, and user's regularity., The study suggests that laws should focus on safety on the roads rather than arbitrary punishment.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews·DateApr 11, 2021

Centrifugal multispun nanofibers put a new spin on COVID-19 masks

Centrifugal multispinning technique offers safer and cost-effective mass production of high-performance polymer nanofibers. Researchers successfully fabricate face masks with comparable filtration performance to existing KF80 and KF94 masks.

SourceThe Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)·JournalACS Macro Letters·DateApr 11, 2021

The infrastructure of social control

A recent study found that students attending high-surveillance schools are more likely to be subjected to in-school suspension, have lower math achievement, and are less likely to attend college. Additionally, black students are four times more likely to attend a high-surveillance school.

SourceAmerican Educational Research Association·DateApr 11, 2021
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Life on Venus? First we need to know more about molecules in the atmosphere

An international team of scientists has discovered the spectral signatures of almost 1000 atmospheric molecules that could be related to phosphine production. The study provides a novel approach to follow up potential biosignatures and will aid in the detection of life on exoplanets as more powerful telescopes come online.

SourceUniversity of New South Wales·JournalFrontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences·DateApr 11, 2021
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Study snapshot: Do students in gifted programs perform better?

Research suggests that gifted programs have a small positive impact on average student achievement in reading and math. However, Black and low-income students do not experience the same academic gains as their peers, casting doubt on the effectiveness of these programs in addressing inequities.

SourceAmerican Educational Research Association·DateApr 10, 2021

Resilience against replay attacks in computer systems

Researchers from the University of Calabria developed a predictive control scheme that can identify and protect against replay attacks in distributed networks. The approach uses a 'receding horizon' model to predict future system behavior and detect unexpected events, allowing for swift protection against malicious actors.

SourceChinese Association of Automation·JournalIEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica·DateApr 10, 2021

New CAR T approach minimizes resistance, helps avoid relapse in non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma

Researchers have developed a new chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy that targets both CD19 and CD20 proteins, achieving complete metabolic responses in four out of five patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma. The approach minimizes treatment resistance and prevents relapse by recognizing multiple targets.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·DateApr 10, 2021
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Auxin visualized for the first time

The new biosensor, AuxSen, enables scientists to observe spatial and temporal redistribution dynamics of auxin in plants, revealing rapid uptake and slower export. It also shows rapid auxin redistribution after root tip rotation, a response not previously measurable.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalNature·DateApr 10, 2021

Personalized cancer vaccine is safe, shows potential benefit against cancer

A personalized cancer vaccine developed using a computational platform raised no safety concerns and showed potential benefit in patients with high-risk cancer recurrences. The vaccine was well-tolerated, with minor injection-site reactions, and demonstrated early potential benefits after administration.

SourceThe Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of Medicine·DateApr 10, 2021

Speeding up sequence alignment across the tree of life

Researchers have developed a new search engine, DIAMOND, that enables fast and accurate comparison of protein sequences across species. With an 80- to 360-fold computational speedup compared to BLAST, DIAMOND is poised to revolutionize comparative genomics research and enable the analysis of millions of eukaryotic genomes.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalNature Methods·DateApr 10, 2021
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

The impact of chemotherapy on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment

Research from Queen Mary University of London reveals that chemotherapy activates immune cells within the tumor microenvironment to fight against cancer. Macrophages switched from pro-tumour to anti-tumour mode after chemotherapy, stimulating patient's immune response and potentially improving survival outcomes.

SourceQueen Mary University of London·JournalCancer Immunology Research·DateApr 10, 2021

Mutant KRAS and p53 cooperate to drive pancreatic cancer metastasis

Mutant KRAS and p53, the most frequently mutated genes in pancreatic cancer, work together through CREB1 to drive tumor growth and metastasis. Blocking CREB1 reversed these effects and reduced metastases, suggesting a promising new therapeutic target for this deadly cancer.

SourceUniversity of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center·JournalCancer Discovery·DateApr 10, 2021

Search for sterile neutrinos: It's all about a bend in the curve

The KATRIN experiment has successfully narrowed the search for sterile neutrinos by ruling out certain mass and mixing ratio ranges. The results confirm that the neutrino mass is less than 1 electron volt, but leave room for a lighter type of sterile neutrino.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateApr 10, 2021

Better metric for thermoelectric materials means better design strategies

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University developed a new quantity to measure the dimensionality of thermoelectric nanomaterials. This metric varies differently with conductivity for 1D, 2D, and 3D systems, providing clear distinctions in how it changes, agreement with theoretical predictions.

SourceTokyo Metropolitan University·JournalPhysical Review Materials·DateApr 10, 2021
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

New research reveals secret to Jupiter's curious aurora activity

A team of researchers has discovered that Jupiter's polar cap is threaded with both open and closed magnetic field lines, contradicting the long-held assumption of all lines being either open or closed. This finding reveals a complex topology of Jupiter's magnetosphere, raising new questions about its interaction with the solar wind.

SourceUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks·JournalScience Advances·DateApr 9, 2021