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Science News Archive January 2022 - Page 3


Page 3 of 34

Western Pacific tropical easterly jet significantly modulates tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific

The study reveals that the Tropical easterly jet significantly modulates tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific. The intensified WP_TEJ results in strong northerly winds, inducing large-scale divergence and upward motion that favors deep convection and TC formation.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateJan 28, 2022

Rural residents tend to hold fatalistic beliefs and perceive more cancer-related information overload than urban residents

A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that rural residents are more likely to think fatally about cancer and feel information overload compared to urban adults. Lower education levels were associated with increased fatalism and information overload.

SourceAmerican Association for Cancer Research·JournalCancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention·DateJan 28, 2022

Researchers reveal the conduction band engineering of half-Heusler thermoeletrics with orbital chemistry

Half-Heusler compounds have been a focus of thermoelectric research, but n-type HH materials have lagged behind in improvements due to conduction band limitations. Researchers engineered conduction band convergence through orbital chemistry, boosting Seebeck coefficient and suppressing lattice thermal conductivity.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry A·DateJan 28, 2022
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Novel strategy provides simple solution for stellarator permanent magnet design

Researchers developed a new 'two-step' magnet design strategy to standardize permanent magnet blocks, improving assembly accuracy and reducing technical barriers. The design enables mass production of identical cubic magnet blocks, which can be arranged in Halbach arrays for higher field strength.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalCell Reports Physical Science·DateJan 28, 2022

New genetic clues on multiple sclerosis risk

A study published in Neuron suggests that oligodendrocytes and immune cells may play a crucial role in multiple sclerosis (MS) development. The research found that genetic mutations near immune genes can activate nearby genes in oligodendrocytes, potentially leading to misfunction and MS risk.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalNeuron·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

2D materials could be used to simulate brain synapses in computers

Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stanford University have developed a material that enables the commercial viability of neuromorphic computers mimicking the human brain. The material, MXene, combines high speed, temperature stability, and integration compatibility in a single device.

SourceKTH, Royal Institute of Technology·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateJan 28, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Thawing permafrost can accelerate global warming

A study found that thawing permafrost in the Arctic releases large amounts of previously unaccounted-for carbon dioxide, amplifying global warming. The research team determined that up to 80% of this CO2 comes from ancient organic matter and 18% from inorganic sources.

SourceUniversity of Cologne·JournalFrontiers in Earth Science·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

New approach transports trapped ions to create entangling gates

Scientists at Georgia Tech Research Institute have demonstrated a new approach for transporting trapped ion pairs through a single laser beam to create entangled qubits. This method reduces the need for multiple optical switches and complex controls, potentially simplifying quantum systems.

SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Live cells discovered in human breast milk could aid breast cancer research

Researchers have discovered live cells in human breast milk, which may provide insights into breast cancer development and improve breastfeeding outcomes. The study, led by Dr. Alecia-Jane Twigger, found that these living cells can be used to study mammary gland function and identify potential early indicators of future breast cancer.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalNature Communications·DateJan 28, 2022
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

A link between early maturation and better aerobic performance identified in juvenile salmon

A study at the University of Helsinki identified a link between early sexual maturation and improved aerobic performance in juvenile salmon. Genetic variations associated with early maturity were found to enhance basal metabolism and energy production, leading to better overall performance.

SourceUniversity of Helsinki·JournalProceedings of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences·DateJan 28, 2022

Don’t care about reputation? The surprising association between high-reputation underwriting firms and low-quality IPO companies in a nascent stock market

In a nascent market, high-reputation underwriters choose low-quality IPO firms due to higher fees, while long-term reputation concerns are sacrificed. As regulations strengthen, their client-picking behaviors adapt, prioritizing high-quality firms over fee-driven choices.

SourceStrategic Management Society·JournalStrategic Entrepreneurship Journal·TypeCase study·DateJan 28, 2022

Liver cancer after hepatitis C: New risk stratification tool developed

A new algorithm can determine patients' liver cancer risk in a single examination, providing an efficient screening method for those at high risk. The tool uses blood values and liver stiffness to identify individuals with a higher likelihood of developing hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C treatment.

SourceMedical University of Vienna·JournalJournal of Hepatology·DateJan 28, 2022

New data on drug metabolism and distribution in the eye

A comprehensive study investigates the metabolism of four drugs in rabbit eyes, revealing different enzyme profiles from liver metabolism. The findings provide valuable information for advancing ophthalmic drug development.

SourceUniversity of Eastern Finland·JournalInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics·DateJan 28, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Post-mortem interval of human skeletal remains accurately determined by means of non-destructive techniques

A new model using Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics has been developed to accurately determine the post-mortem interval (PMI) in human skeletal remains. This non-destructive technique provides valuable information for forensic medicine and anthropology, improving reliability and accuracy.

SourceUniversity of the Basque Country·JournalForensic Science International·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Scientists observe high-resolution slow photoelectron spectrum of sulfuric acid

Researchers from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science have obtained the first high-resolution slow photoelectron spectrum of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), revealing three electronic states and dissociation into HSO3+ and OH fragments. The findings provide fundamental data for in-depth understanding of atmospheric nucleation mechanism.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics·DateJan 28, 2022

Shining a light on synthetic dimensions

Scientists have developed a way to create synthetic dimensions using light, allowing for more degrees of freedom in manipulating properties. The breakthrough enables the fabrication of compact devices with reduced complexity, opening up new possibilities for advanced technologies.

SourceYokohama National University·JournalScience Advances·DateJan 28, 2022
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Risk appetite of banks for small merchant renewable energy plants remains low

A recent study published in the KeAi journal found that commercial banks continue to view small merchant renewable energy projects as risky, despite the trend towards 'greening of banks'. Government banks in the Philippines were more open to providing credit to these developers, highlighting the need for innovative financing solutions.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalGlobal Transitions·TypeCase study·DateJan 28, 2022

Txikispora philomaios, a parasite that will help to explain the origin of animal multicellularity

Researchers discovered a new parasite, Txikispora philomaios, which evolved shortly after the common ancestor of animals and fungi, before its multicellularity was developed. The study provides insights into how animal multicellularity developed through cell communication and specialization.

SourceUniversity of the Basque Country·JournalJournal of Eukaryotic Microbiology·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Simpler and reliable ALS diagnosis with blood tests

Researchers at University of Gothenburg and Umeå University discovered a link between blood levels of neurofilaments and ALS diagnosis. Blood tests can differentiate ALS from other diseases, offering new opportunities for screening and measuring neurofilaments.

SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalScientific Reports·TypeCase study·DateJan 28, 2022

Underestimated ozone production in cities: Researchers observe higher HOx with self-developed instrument

A recent study by researchers at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science found that local ozone generation was greatly underestimated under high NOx conditions. They observed higher HOx levels using a self-developed instrument and attributed the discrepancy to complex carbonyls-related oxidation under elevated photochemistry.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalScience of The Total Environment·DateJan 28, 2022

New atomistic level insight into drug-target residence time

Researchers identified water molecules' impact on protein dynamics and drug target residence time, suggesting that a long target residence time can be important for drug efficacy. This understanding enables more rational drug design in the early stages of drug discovery projects.

SourceUniversity of Eastern Finland·JournalNature Communications·DateJan 28, 2022
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Surveys with repetitive questions yield bad data, study finds

A new UC Riverside-led study found that people tire from repetitive questions and tend to give similar answers, leading to unreliable data in surveys. To improve accuracy, researchers suggest using process-tracing and ensemble methods with multiple measurement techniques.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalJournal of Marketing Research·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Research team at NYU Tandon discovers mechanical basis for abdominal aortic aneurysm

Researchers at NYU Tandon have discovered the mechanical basis for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a complex vascular disease. They identified Piezo1, a novel culprit of mechanically fatigued aorta in AAA, and found that inhibition of Piezo1 prevents mice from developing AAA by alleviating pathological vascular remodeling.

SourceNYU Tandon School of Engineering·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Hard barriers and soft power: Study assesses outsider perceptions of border walls

A new study published in PNAS reveals that border walls damage a country's international image, with real implications for soft power. The study found that participants had negative perceptions of countries with border walls, regardless of their political views or distance from the border.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJan 28, 2022

Novice-to-expert: Immersive undergraduate research transforms students

A CU Boulder-led study reveals that immersive undergraduate research experiences like RECCS can fundamentally shift students' reading patterns when tackling scientific material. Students who participated in the 9-week program demonstrated expert-like behavior when analyzing graphs and academic papers.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalScholarship and Practice of Undergraduate Research·DateJan 28, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Wide-visible-light-responsive photocatalyst boosts solar water splitting

Researchers from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics developed a highly efficient Z-scheme OWS system, achieving benchmarked apparent quantum efficiency and solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency over particulate inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts driven by visible light. The system utilizes Ir as reduction cocatalyst and ...

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalNature Communications·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJan 28, 2022

Study: Nearly 1 in 7 COVID patients in ICU experienced severe bleeding when given full-dose blood thinners

A recent University at Buffalo-led study found that nearly 1 in 7 COVID patients in ICU experienced severe bleeding when given full-dose blood thinners. The research compared the safety and effectiveness of two blood clot treatment strategies, finding that a smaller dose was equally effective but carried less bleeding risk.

SourceUniversity at Buffalo·JournalHospital Pharmacy·DateJan 28, 2022
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

HKUST co-led study reveals topology at the corner of the dining table

A joint HKUST-University of Tokyo research team discovered that sodium chloride (table salt) exhibits anomalous behavior at its zero-dimensional corner, showcasing a 'higher-order' topology. This finding may inspire future designs for nanoscale conducting quantum wires and novel drug delivery methods.

SourceHong Kong University of Science and Technology·JournalPhysical Review·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Acceleration of cancer biomarker detection for point of care diagnostics

Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new approach to detect cancer biomarkers in human serum, reducing the detection time from hours to just one minute. This method uses magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticles and photonic resonator absorption microscopy to achieve high selectivity and rapid sample-to-answer analysis.

SourceCarl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign·JournalACS Nano·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Most physicians paid by volume, despite push for quality and value

A study by RAND Corporation researchers found that most physicians in group practices owned by health systems are paid primarily based on the volume of care they provide, rather than quality and value. Only a small fraction of total physician compensation is tied to performance-based financial incentives.

SourceRAND Corporation·JournalJAMA Health Forum·TypeSurvey·DateJan 28, 2022
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Oregon State hemp vs. COVID researcher thinks preclinical trials will happen in ‘next few months’

Researchers at Oregon State University have identified two hemp compounds that can block the coronavirus from entering human cells. Preclinical trials are expected to begin within a few months, and the study's findings suggest these compounds may be effective against variants of SARS-CoV-2.

SourceOregon State University·JournalJournal of Natural Products·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022

Smartphone, M.D.: Going viral

A new smartphone app and lab kit can rapidly detect COVID-19 and flu viruses, providing a platform for inexpensive home-based testing. The system uses a smartphone's camera to measure a chemical reaction, achieving accurate diagnosis in 25 minutes at a fraction of the cost of current diagnostic methods.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateJan 28, 2022

Precision machining produces tiny, light-guiding cubes for advancing info tech

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory created tiny electrically conductive cubes that interact with light and organize them in patterned structures to confine and relay electromagnetic signals. The cubes support collective waves of electrons, called plasmons, with the same frequency as light waves but with much tighter confinement.

SourceDOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory·JournalSmall·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 28, 2022
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Exotic cocktail in the atmosphere of extreme exoplanet

The study reveals the presence of titanium oxide in the atmosphere of WASP-189b, a hot gas giant planet 322 light years from Earth. The researchers used high-resolution spectroscopy to analyze the exoplanet's atmosphere, finding a layered type of chemistry that suggests three-dimensional effects and winds play a crucial role.

SourceLund University·JournalNature Astronomy·DateJan 28, 2022

A game changer in water electrolysis technology for production of green hydrogen energy

Researchers developed a novel high-performance anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) technology that significantly improves durability and performance while lowering production costs. The new technology achieved a record cell performance of 7.68 A/cm2 and has the potential for large-scale commercialization.

SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalEnergy & Environmental Science·DateJan 28, 2022

Solving a superconducting mystery with more precise computations

Researchers used a new method to study phonons and electrons in cuprates, resolving the basis for high-temperature superconductivity. The method, developed by Clemson University's Yao Wang, enabled accurate calculations of electron-phonon coupling and its impact on neighboring electrons.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Austin, Texas Advanced Computing Center·JournalPhysical Review X·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJan 28, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Unemployment associated with increase in violence early in COVID-19 pandemic

A study of 16 US cities found a historic level of job losses associated with an increase in firearm violence and homicide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Low-income households were disproportionately affected, with low-wage workers losing jobs at five times the rate of middle-wage workers.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis Health·JournalJournal of Urban Health·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJan 28, 2022

Researchers identify key regulator of blood stem cell development

A new study reveals that histone H3.3 plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between self-renewal and differentiation of blood stem cells, leading to abnormalities when deleted. The protein anchors key epigenetic marks at developmental genes and endogenous retroviruses, contributing to an inflammatory response and skewed produ...

SourceWeill Cornell Medicine·JournalNature Cell Biology·DateJan 28, 2022

Void-confinement effect of nanoreactor promotes heterogeneous catalysis

The void-confinement effect of a hollow carbon sphere and inner Ni nanoparticles boosts the selectivity of furfural conversion, with 100% conversion and 99% cyclopentanone selectivity achieved. The catalyst's stability is also improved compared to traditional active carbon supported catalysts.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalApplied Catalysis·DateJan 28, 2022
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Fine Sediment in Open Water

This book provides a fundamental understanding of the physical, biological, and chemical processes governing fine sediment transport in open water. It covers various spatial and temporal scales, from micro-scale to system-wide, and discusses interactions between disciplines such as hydrodynamics and soft soil mechanics.

SourceWorld Scientific·DateJan 28, 2022
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

COVID-19 exposure possible outside of home isolation rooms

A Rutgers study found measurable airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the air of most homes where COVID-19 infected individuals were isolating, suggesting airborne transmission beyond isolation rooms poses a risk to other occupants. The study also showed that infected individuals often did not strictly adhere to self-isolation protocols.

SourceRutgers University·JournalAnnals of the American Thoracic Society·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 27, 2022

Rise of termite clone queendoms offers clue to curb invasions

Researchers discovered all-female, forest-dwelling drywood termite colonies in Japan and found they evolved through human-assisted hybridization, leading to stronger offspring and double breeding. This can outcompete incumbent species, posing a risk to homeowners with drywood termite infestations.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJan 27, 2022

Can wearable technology predict the negative consequences of drinking?

Researchers from Penn State's Department of Biobehavioral Health developed wearable sensors that can detect alcohol concentration in sweat, providing a more nuanced understanding of intoxication. The study shows that wearable technology can predict the negative consequences of drinking and help prevent alcohol-related harm.

SourcePenn State·JournalAlcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research·TypeExperimental study·DateJan 27, 2022