A recent study found that individuals with a history of neurological or psychiatric conditions are at increased risk of developing a second condition. Women and men differ in their risk, with women being more likely to develop dementia after experiencing an earlier stroke.
A dramatic increase in suicidal ingestions was reported among preadolescent children over the past two decades. The analysis of national poison data showed a significant rise in this trend, highlighting the need for increased awareness and prevention strategies.
Researchers found that hydroxychloroquine inhibits pathways that drive resistance to cisplatin in head and neck cancers, restoring tumor-killing effects. The study paves the way for a clinical trial combining hydroxychloroquine and cisplatin to treat chemotherapy-resistant patients.
Researchers found early and persistent activation of neutrophils in patients who developed severe COVID-19. The study suggests that identifying specific gene signatures could lead to effective treatments targeting high-risk patients. This discovery may also inform the development of simple blood tests to prioritize treatment.
The Human Frontier Science Program (HFSPO) awarded $37 million to 32 research teams, with each member receiving $110,000-$125,000 per year. The program supports cutting-edge, interdisciplinary research focusing on complex mechanisms of living organisms.
Scientists from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have successfully embedded enzymes in metal-organic frameworks to enhance their stability. This innovation enables the use of these enzymes in both aqueous and organic solvents, leading to improved productivity and stability in continuous reactors.
A new study assesses the safety and cost-effectiveness of deploying aerosols at an altitude of 25 km, finding that such a height would be more effective but also pose unacceptable risks. The research clarifies the practical limits to solar geoengineering, which is crucial for climate intervention models globally.
A two-year study shows that even a 4m² space can provide a rich habitat for pollinators and support biodiversity. The mini-meadows attracted an average of 111% more bumblebees and 87% more solitary bees compared to control plots.
Researchers studied the Pliocene period, discovering that ice sheet retreat and forest expansion led to wetter conditions in previously dry areas. Current models perform well at simulating these changes, indicating a need for long-term planning to address projected future climate shifts.
The American Association for Anatomy (AAA) has published a special issue of The Anatomical Record examining its complex history and addressing structural racism and questionable ethics. The issue proposes recommendations for creating an inclusive future for the field.
A new study found that severe COVID-19 illness is associated with increased risk of long-term adverse mental health effects. Non-hospitalized patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to experience depressive symptoms up to 16 months after diagnosis, with those bedridden for seven days or more having higher rates of depress...
A comprehensive review of over 60 studies confirms that COVID vaccination is around 80% effective in protecting people with cancer against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mRNA vaccines were found to be the most effective, and multiple vaccinations are recommended for better protection.
A team of researchers found that evolution has an overwhelming preference for simple algorithms, leading to the emergence of highly symmetric structures in biology. This is because simple recipes are more efficient and easier to follow than complex ones, resulting in a higher probability of producing symmetrical outcomes.
Researchers found a tenfold reduction in methane emissions when thawed soil dried up, as conditions changed for microbial production and consumption. Vegetation changes also played a role, with plants like hare's-tail cottongrass decreasing emissions.
Researchers have introduced a new mRNA delivery method to treat muscular dystrophy, which has already proven successful in mice. The method uses messenger RNA to correct genetic defects and has shown promise in clinical trials.
Dialysis facilities referred more incident patients, transplant centers evaluated more, but fewer were placed on the waitlist following KAS implementation. This led to a decline in overall waitlisting nationwide.
A new study found that nearly half of over-35s lack confidence in recognizing cardiac symptoms during strenuous exercise. The survey of 153 Masters football players aged ≥35 years highlights the importance of education and knowledge in mitigating serious cardiac risk.
Researchers discovered a topological charge-entropy scaling relation in the kagome Chern magnet TbMn6Sn6, a material with potential to support intrinsic Chern quantum phases. This finding has vast implications for understanding quantum transport in topological magnets.
A new smartphone app developed by Scripps Research calculates genetic risk for coronary artery disease and finds that users at high risk are more likely to start using statins or other cholesterol-lowering therapies. The app, called MyGeneRank, uses genetic data from 23andMe and outputs a CAD risk score.
The Human Frontier Science Program announced 65 new postdoctoral fellowships to support groundbreaking research in biology. The awardees will conduct innovative studies in fields like antigen recognition, neuromodulation, and bacterial rotary nanomachines.
A new study reveals that intra-tumoral injections of a plant virus-based immunotherapy could lead to groundbreaking therapy for both canine and human inflammatory breast cancer patients. The treatment generated potent local and systemic anti-tumor immune responses, improving quality of life and survival in treated dogs.
Research found a significant drop in new cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for screening cancers like breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer. The study estimates around 12,600 cancers went undetected between March 2020 and September 2020.
A new study from the University of Kansas found that men and women in the Army's special operations view mentorship positively, but with differing goals. Men see mentoring as a means to advance their careers, while women view it as a way to survive and navigate a male-dominated organization. The study highlights the need for more robus...
A study found that maternal immunization against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can reduce antimicrobial prescribing among young infants. The research, based on a blinded, multi-country trial, showed that infants of mothers assigned the RSV F vaccine experienced fewer antimicrobial prescription courses over the first 90 days of life.
Researchers used a novel model ensemble to study compound hot-dry-events and found that precipitation trends determine their future occurrence. The frequency of these events is expected to increase fourfold in a two-degree warmer climate, with an uncertainty of up to 48% for precipitation trends.
A study of insurance claims data found that state laws governing opioid prescribing had a negligible effect on opioid prescribing trends. The authors suggest that shifting clinical guidelines, professional norms, or other factors may be driving the decline in opioid prescribing. In contrast, a post-hoc analysis of an ASPREE trial found...
Ben-Gurion University researchers found that participants overwhelmingly preferred virtual reality for short-term cognitive tasks, but split over the long term. A combination of both virtual reality and socially adaptive robots may be key to keeping people engaged in remote cognitive training.
Researchers identify a neural circuit in midbrain, thalamus, and cortex that orchestrates neuronal activity to trigger planned movement. The discovery has important clinical implications for motor disorders like Parkinson's disease.
A new study documents how thawing permafrost is affecting the seafloor in the Arctic Ocean, revealing dramatic changes including deep sinkholes and ice-filled hills. Researchers used advanced underwater mapping technology to track these changes, establishing a baseline for future monitoring.
A research team at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf has successfully tested irradiation with laser-accelerated protons on animals, paving the way for optimal radiation therapy. The method could make a decisive contribution to improving proton therapy, which is currently more complex and expensive than X-ray therapy.
Scientists propose a new mechanism by which oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere, shifting the planet out of its low-oxygen equilibrium. Interactions between certain marine microbes and minerals in ocean sediments may have prevented oxygen consumption, setting off a self-amplifying process.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill are working with community-based harm reduction programs to develop systems to detect and issue public warnings about dangerous adulterants in street drugs. The team aims to use data to reduce overdose deaths and provide timely alerts to protect people's health.
A study by American College of Cardiology reveals that childbearing women cardiologists face discriminatory violations of maternity leave practices, with 75% experiencing potential illegal violations. The survey found a significantly higher rate of pregnancy complications among these women compared to the general population.
A pioneering study of LGBT+ experiences in physics finds that women, trans people, and those from marginalized groups face high rates of harassment and exclusionary behaviors. The study highlights the need for support and equity across institutions to retain LGBT+ physicists.
A study from Keck Medicine of USC found a significant increase in metastatic prostate cancer cases among men 45 and older, coinciding with the end of routine screenings. The incidence rate rose by 41% in men 45-74 and 43% in men 75 and older.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that the link between high cholesterol and heart disease may not be as strong as previously thought. The research suggests that statins may have a modest benefit for some individuals, but this benefit varies depending on personal risk factors.
A new study from Northwestern University finds that even moderate light exposure during sleep harms cardiovascular function and increases insulin resistance. Closing blinds and using dim lighting before bed can help mitigate these effects.
Researchers predict Greenland ice sheet will lose up to 3.54 meters of sea level equivalent by 3000, under unabated warming conditions. In contrast, reduced emissions pathway may see a loss of only 0.16-0.4 meters sea-level equivalent.
Health policy experts review existing coverage systems and propose rigorous research to inform the US debate on universal healthcare coverage. They identify areas where additional research and stakeholder input are needed to achieve high-performing universal health insurance.
An international research team analyzed the microbial community living on the carapaces of deep-sea squat lobsters, finding a diverse microbiome that likely provides benefits to both organisms. The microbes utilize energy-rich chemical compounds, while the squat lobsters may use them as a source of nutrients or have them remove toxic s...
The 'Agency for All' project aims to develop social and behavioral research to understand how to promote local voices and agency in health and development programming. The five-year, $38 million grant will fund an international network across Africa, South Asia, and other regions.
Researchers have genetically engineered a rat model of Down syndrome to test new therapies and explore the condition's unique genetics. The rats exhibit cognitive impairments, anxiety, and hyperactivity similar to humans with Down syndrome, providing a valuable tool for medical research.
A new study published by the American Psychological Association found a link between ozone levels and an increase in depressive symptoms in adolescents. Higher ozone levels were associated with significant increases in depressive symptoms over time, even in neighborhoods that met air quality standards.
Researchers at Rice University developed a new program called Variabel to accurately identify 'low-frequency' variants of the virus that causes COVID-19. By distinguishing true variants from sequencing errors, Variabel enables rapid characterization of within-host variation, which could aid in discovering future mutations.
A systematic review of 41 studies found that patients with advanced kidney disease who forgo dialysis have improved survival rates and quality of life. The study also showed a significant reduction in healthcare resource utilization and end-of-life care expenses.
The study identifies nine key pathways that seem to be crucial in developing Parkinson's disease, some of which have not been linked before. The findings improve scientists' understanding of genetic risk factors for developing the disease and pave the way for personalized medicine.
A study by Sibani Lisa Biswal and Kedar Joshi shows that magnetically driven colloidal suspensions exhibit behavior consistent with the principles of classical thermodynamics, including vapor pressure, viscosity, and surface tension. The researchers' findings have implications for designing materials with reconfigurable properties.
Researchers at Niigata University identified a novel Olig2 binding protein called Ddx20, which regulates RNA metabolism and transcription. Ddx20's interaction with Olig2 helps maintain cell survival and prevents apoptosis in neural progenitor cells.
Researchers mapped the Australian black tiger prawn genome to improve farming productivity and disease resistance. The study also uncovered a unique Endogenous Viral Element (EVE) that helps fight viral infections in prawns.
A new virtual ligand-assisted screening method enables efficient searching of ligands for optimal catalysis, accelerating reaction design. By simplifying ligand description with two metrics, researchers identify promising ligands and focus on real testing.
Researchers at Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) developed a new stretchable meta-display technology that can be stretched up to 25% without image distortion. This achievement solves the fundamental issue of image distortion in stretchable displays using meta-structures.
An international team of scientists has developed an organic semiconductor that can operate in the 5G frequency range, with a structure featuring ultralow capacitance and resistance. The innovation paves the way for mass manufacturing at low cost using solution processing techniques.
A Peruvian trial of underwater sound devices called pingers reduced bycatch of dolphins by 83%, but failed to deter humpback whales. The study found that lower-frequency pingers may be needed to address whale interactions.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University found that a foam's liquid amount and extent determine its draining mechanism. They identified universal thresholds for different foams, promising clear design principles for new materials.
A global study by Monash University found that large daily temperature variations increase the risk of heat-related deaths, with fluctuations in Central Europe posing a significant threat. The research highlights the importance of considering temperature variability in heat-related mortality studies.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that using nanomedicines at lower, more frequent doses can normalize the tumor microenvironment and improve cancer treatments. The study showed that this approach can help correct abnormalities that protect tumors and improve blood vessel function and immune activation within a tumor.
Researchers from H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center identified unique features of acral melanoma, including immune checkpoints that could represent novel therapeutic targets for this neglected disease. The study's findings may lead to more effective treatments for patients with acral melanoma.
Researchers at Okayama University have developed a novel 'green' synthesis technique for the production of NEt-3IB, a promising small-molecule oral drug candidate for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The new method produces large quantities of NEt-3IB with high purity and a total yield of over 30%, using only recoverable organic solve...
Cavefish have evolved remarkable physiology to cope with a low-oxygen environment, including producing more hemoglobin through larger red blood cells. This adaptation allows them to forage longer in the caves, where food is limited, and may provide insights into how animals evolve elevated hemoglobin capacity.
Predatory academic practices are rising globally, with over 80% of researchers indicating they have used problematic outlets. The IAP report recommends training, responsible publishing policies, and transparency in peer-review systems to combat these practices.