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Science News Archive March 2024 - Page 31


Page 31 of 42

Dangers of smell impairment highlighted in new research

A recent study conducted by the University of East Anglia found that over a third of people with smell disorders have experienced gas safety scares in the last five years. The research also showed that 32.2% of respondents had encountered safety concerns related to food, while 14.8% experienced gas incidents involving hurt individuals.

SourceUniversity of East Anglia·JournalEuropean Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024

Tuning a terahertz wave filter

Researchers at Tohoku University have created a tuneable terahertz wave filter that can achieve higher transmission rates and better signal quality than conventional systems. The new filter uses Fabry-Perot interferometry to control the filtering effect, enabling selective transmission of desired frequencies.

SourceTohoku University·JournalOptics Letters·DateMar 11, 2024

New research shows sexual minority adults more willing to use digital health tools for public health

A new study published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research found that sexual minority adults are more willing to use digital health tools for screening and tracking compared to heterosexual adults. The study, which analyzed data from a COVID-19 survey, highlights the need for diverse populations to be considered in the developme...

SourceJMIR Publications·JournalJournal of Medical Internet Research·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 11, 2024
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Novel molecules from generative AI to phase II

Researchers used generative AI to design a lead molecule for treating fibrosis, a biological process associated with aging. The compound, INS018_055, demonstrated significant efficacy in preclinical studies and showed promising results in clinical trials, accelerating drug discovery and providing new therapeutic options.

SourceInSilico Medicine·JournalNature Biotechnology·DateMar 11, 2024

A new sensor detects harmful “forever chemicals” in drinking water

Researchers at MIT have developed a new sensor that can detect tiny quantities of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water. The device uses lateral flow technology and can measure concentrations as low as 200 parts per trillion, offering a potential solution for consumer testing and industrial applications.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 11, 2024

No, an anti-racist program in schools didn’t stress out kids

A new study finds that an anti-racist program in school did not cause stress or feelings of alienation among students, with 60% highly engaged and significant growth in awareness of social inequality. The intervention was designed to increase conversations about race and racism.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalAERA Open·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

History repeats as Coral Bay faces mass loss of coral and fish life

A perfect storm of calm weather and limited tidal movement trapped coral eggs in Bills Bay, leading to a massive die-off. However, research by Curtin University shows that some corals were able to survive and that the area has a history of recovering from similar events.

SourceCurtin University·JournalCoral Reefs·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024

NRL research physicists explore fiber optic computing using distributed feedback

Researchers at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) have made a significant advancement in optical computing by employing distributed feedback in optical fibers. This approach offers scalability to process multiple neurons simultaneously while maintaining high-speed performance and energy efficiency.

SourceNaval Research Laboratory·JournalCommunications Physics·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

Most survivors of childhood cancer don't get the tests needed to detect serious long-term adverse effects

A study found that up to 87% of childhood cancer survivors are not following recommended screening guidelines, leaving them vulnerable to late effects such as heart disease and certain cancers. The lack of awareness and barriers to adherence may contribute to this low rate, highlighting the need for improved support and education.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024

Researchers design new analog chip architecture with high precision

Newly designed analog chips combine digital and analog computing, providing high precision and low energy consumption. This innovation enables faster development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems and expands applications beyond traditional low-precision territory.

SourceUniversity of Southern California·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Cicadas’ unique urination unlocks new understanding of fluid dynamics

Researchers studied cicadas' jet-like urination to challenge insect pee paradigms. They found that larger animals like cicadas can emit jets due to gravity and inertial forces, unlike smaller ones that typically produce droplets. This discovery has far-reaching implications for bio-inspired engineering and monitoring applications.

SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024

This protein pic could help develop new cancer treatments

The study reveals that LAG-3 exists as a dimer, with two molecules forming the functional checkpoint protein. An antibody used to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in animal models blocks activity by binding to the dimer interface. This new understanding may lead to better cancer treatments targeting this protein.

SourceStanford University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 11, 2024

Higher bacterial counts detected in single-serving milks

Researchers at Cornell University found higher bacterial counts in single-serving milks packaged in small paperboard containers, particularly after seven and 14 days of storage. The study suggests that carton-filling machinery may contribute to these higher counts, highlighting the need for improved cleaning and sanitation protocols.

SourceCornell University·JournalJournal of Dairy Science·DateMar 11, 2024
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Robotic interface masters a soft touch

EPFL researchers have developed a haptic device called SORI that can accurately recreate the softness of various materials, from marshmallows to beating hearts. This technology has potential applications in medicine, such as training medical students to detect cancerous tumors and providing sensory feedback to surgeons using robots.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

Key protein linked to immune disorders

Researchers found that STAP-1 plays a crucial role in activating T cells, which are white blood cells critical to defending against infections and maintaining overall health. The study suggests that STAP-1 may be involved in the development of immune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and asthma.

SourceHokkaido University·JournalThe Journal of Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

New biology unveiled for the fundamental cellular machinery

Researchers at the University of Helsinki have made a groundbreaking discovery about the Commander complex, a vital cellular machinery. The study reveals that mutations in this complex are associated with developmental disorders such as Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease.

SourceUniversity of Helsinki·JournalNature Structural & Molecular Biology·DateMar 11, 2024
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Increases in suicide rate linked to ‘shocks’ in the economy

A study by the University of Southampton found a strong connection between daily suicides, people's expectations formed by professional economic forecasts, and subsequent economic performance. Negative economic shocks can lead to feelings of lack of identity and purpose among vulnerable populations, increasing the risk of suicide.

SourceUniversity of Southampton·JournalSocial Science & Medicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

Preventing magnet meltdowns before they can start

Scientists identify conditions for HTS magnets to safely operate without risk of sudden heat build-up, using advanced temperature monitoring systems. They also plan to test their approach on actual coils wound with HTS conductor material.

SourceDOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·JournalSuperconductor Science and Technology·DateMar 11, 2024

Global-local path choice model: a new method to understand the walkability of cities

A novel path choice model elucidates the influence of different attributes on pedestrians' local and global path choices. The study reveals that pedestrians locally perceive and react to environmental attributes like green views, guiding urban planning decisions.

SourceShibaura Institute of Technology·JournalTransportation Research Part A General·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 11, 2024

Experts create blueprint to aid elderly people at storm flood risk

Experts from the University of Birmingham have devised a blueprint for efficient evacuation of elderly people in flood-threatened cities. The study highlights significant differences in evacuation patterns between Shanghai and New York City, emphasizing the need for risk-informed planning to protect vulnerable populations.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalNature Water·TypeObservational study·DateMar 11, 2024
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Rice storage under controlled conditions: Changes in its physicochemical and functional properties

Researchers discovered controlled storage affects rice's physicochemical properties, including gelatinization degree and water absorption capacity. The study suggests optimal temperatures can enhance cooked rice quality, offering farmers a practical strategy to minimize pest contamination risks.

SourceEscuela Superior Politecnica del Litoral·JournalJournal of Stored Products Research·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

Trauma screening may improve mental health service recommendations for children

A new study from Penn State finds that incorporating a trauma screening into child welfare evaluations leads to better identification of traumatic stress reactions and more appropriate service recommendations. The screening, developed by Christian Connell and Jason Lang, has been shown to increase referrals for specific trauma-focused ...

SourcePenn State·JournalJournal of Traumatic Stress·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

New method for triggering and imaging seizures can help guide epilepsy surgery

Researchers have developed a new method to trigger and image seizures in epilepsy patients, allowing for real-time data collection to tailor epilepsy surgery. This method is clinically feasible, convenient, and spares resources, providing valuable information for successful surgeries.

SourceSociety of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·JournalJournal of Nuclear Medicine·DateMar 11, 2024
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Tuberculosis bacteria also present in 90% of those with symptoms, who are not diagnosed with TB

A study by Amsterdam UMC and University of Cape Town found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is present in the respiratory aerosol of 90% of suspected TB patients, including those with negative sputum tests. This raises concerns about unknowingly transmitting infection and highlights the complexity of TB transmission.

SourceAmsterdam University Medical Center·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMar 11, 2024

Multimodal fusion of brain imaging data: methods and applications

Multimodal fusion of brain imaging data can provide a comprehensive understanding of complex brain networks by combining information from different modalities. This approach has been successfully used to predict individuals' behaviors, intelligence quotient scores, and even psychiatric disorders.

SourceBeijing Zhongke Journal Publising Co. Ltd.·JournalMachine Intelligence Research·DateMar 11, 2024

Combined microscopy technique catches light-driven polymers in the act

Researchers from Osaka University have developed a combined microscopy technique that captures the nanoscale behavior of azo-polymer films triggered by laser light. This allows for real-time observation with high spatiotemporal resolution, shedding light on the mechanism of light-driven deformation in these materials.

SourceOsaka University·JournalNano Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

New research investigates the genetics of circulating vitamin A

A Newcastle research team has investigated the genetics of circulating vitamin A and its role in psychiatric disorders. The study found that genetic variation influences retinol levels, which are linked to various complex health conditions such as inflammation, vision, and brain structure connectivity.

SourceHunter Medical Research Institute·JournalNature·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

TaskMatrix.AI: Making big models do small jobs with APIs

TaskMatrix.AI uses APIs to connect general-purpose foundation models with specialized models for specific tasks. The tool can perform digital and physical tasks, provide interpretable responses, and learn continuously.

SourceIntelligent Computing·JournalIntelligent Computing·DateMar 11, 2024
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Happiness can be learnt, but you have to work at it – study finds

A new study from the University of Bristol's Science of Happiness course found that teaching students evidence-informed habits like gratitude and meditation improves wellbeing. However, these benefits are short-lived unless the habits are kept up over time.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalHigher Education·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

How do neural networks learn? A mathematical formula explains how they detect relevant patterns

Researchers at the University of California - San Diego developed a mathematical formula that reveals how neural networks learn to detect relevant patterns in data. The Average Gradient Outer Product (AGOP) formula helps interpret which features the network is using to make predictions, improving the accuracy and reliability of AI syst...

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalScience·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 11, 2024

AI-generated food images look tastier than real ones

Researchers found that AI-generated food visuals excel at enhancing the appeal of depicted foods by leveraging symmetry, shape, and lighting. However, this may lead to 'visual hunger' and influence unhealthy eating behaviors among consumers.

SourceUniversity of Oxford·JournalFood Quality and Preference·DateMar 11, 2024

Muscaris grapes: molecular secret of lychee note revealed

A team of researchers has successfully identified the odorants responsible for Muscaris grapes' characteristic lychee note, shedding light on its molecular secret. The study's findings provide a scientific basis for breeding innovative grape varieties with distinctive fruity aromas.

SourceLeibniz-Institut für Lebensmittel-Systembiologie an der TU München·JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemical Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

New research sets trap for potentially deadly sandfly

Scientists have discovered the specific enzyme responsible for producing a pheromone attractant in a deadly sandfly species. This breakthrough could lead to the development of commercial traps to control the spread of Leishmaniasis, a disease that causes skin ulcers and can be fatal if left untreated.

SourceUniversity of Nottingham·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Facing dementia: clarifying end-of-life choices, supporting better lives

The Hastings Center's new special report reviews options for supporting better lives of people facing dementia. The report analyzes care inequities and recommends policy changes to reduce financial hardships and social isolation associated with the diagnosis. It also explores emerging topics in health law and healthcare practice.

SourceThe Hastings Center·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMar 11, 2024

The liver immune system eats up ‘bad cholesterol’

Researchers found that Kupffer cells in liver respond to high cholesterol by removing excess, revealing the liver's role in regulating cholesterol levels. This discovery suggests atherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalNature Cardiovascular Research·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

Exploring the therapeutic potential of natural mushroom compounds to address psychiatric disorders

A new study suggests that mushroom extract containing psilocybin demonstrates superior efficacy in stimulating neuroplasticity and promoting new connections between nerve cells. The research found that the extract had a more potent and prolonged impact on synaptic plasticity compared to chemically synthesized psilocybin.

SourceThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Going top shelf with AI to better track hockey data

Researchers from the University of Waterloo used AI to analyze video footage from professional hockey games, improving player tracking accuracy to 94.5%. The system can generate data for multiple purposes, transforming the business of sports.

SourceUniversity of Waterloo·JournalExpert Systems with Applications·DateMar 11, 2024

Sting operation out of gas

Researchers question whether micronuclei activate the cGAS-STING pathway, a key innate immune response to foreign nucleic acids. The study found that MN more commonly recognizes DNA during cell division without triggering STING activation.

SourceKyoto University·JournalLife Science Alliance·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Natural history specimens have never been so accessible

Researchers have created 3D images of over half of the world's animal groups using CT scans, making them accessible to scientists, researchers, students, teachers, and artists. The open-source repository MorphoSource allows users to share findings and improve access to material critical for scientific discovery.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Arlington·JournalBioScience·TypeImaging analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

Wearable tech captures real-time hemodynamics on the go

Researchers developed a wearable device for non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamic indicators like heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. The photoacoustic imaging watch offers valuable insights into disease diagnosis and treatment.

SourceOptica·JournalOptics Letters·DateMar 11, 2024

AI may predict spread of lung cancer to brain

A new study uses AI to predict whether early-stage lung cancer will spread to the brain, allowing for more targeted and effective treatment. The algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of 87%, outperforming human pathologists in some cases.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalThe Journal of Pathology·TypeImaging analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

COVID-19 had greater impact on life expectancy than previously known, but child mortality rates continued to decline during the pandemic

A new study reveals that COVID-19 had a profound impact on global life expectancy, with a 1.6-year drop from 2019 to 2021, while child mortality rates continued to decrease by 7% in 2021 compared to 2019. The study found that some countries experienced high excess mortality due to the pandemic.

SourceInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation·JournalThe Lancet·DateMar 11, 2024
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Black high school students less likely to enroll in AP math courses than white students with similar academic preparedness, study finds

New York University researchers found that Black high school students are less likely to enroll in AP math courses compared to White students with similar academic preparedness. The study uses a new method to measure student disparities, accounting for limitations of previous studies.

SourceNew York University·JournalSociological Science·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 11, 2024

Harnessing nature's shield: enhancing sun protection with lignin nanoparticles in cosmetics

Researchers found that compact lignin nanoparticles with specific chemical structures and particle sizes boost the UV resistance of sunscreens, making them more effective than traditional formulations. The study suggests that lignin nanoparticles can be used as natural-based materials for improving sun protection in cosmetic applications.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalCarbon Resources Conversion·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 11, 2024

Scientists identify biodiversity conservation gaps in Madagascar

A new study identifies conservation priority areas for vascular plants in Madagascar, highlighting uneven distribution of taxon richness and phylogenetic diversity. The researchers found that arid and semi-arid regions lack protected areas, presenting additional conservation challenges.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeSurvey·DateMar 11, 2024

Breakthrough in nanostructure technology for real-time color display

Researchers at UNIST have developed a groundbreaking technology that enables the real-time display of colors and shapes through changes in nanostructures. Utilizing block copolymers, they achieved the self-assembly of photonic crystal structures on a large scale, mimicking natural phenomena observed in butterfly wings and bird feathers.

SourceUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)·JournalACS Nano·DateMar 11, 2024
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.