Researchers at Simon Fraser University design an information engine that converts random particle motion into stored energy, extracting power comparable to biological systems. The engine achieves speeds of over ten times that of previous implementations, pushing the capabilities of this type of engine beyond its limits.
A new method facilitates accurate analysis of magnetic field effects in complex nanostructures, enabling quantitative criteria for aromaticity. The technique sheds light on unexplained experimental results regarding magnetic shielding inside particles.
The Institute of Astrofísica de Canarias is part of the DALI experiment, which aims to detect axions and paraphotons in the 6-60 GHz band. This could help explain dark matter's nature and its role in the universe.
Researchers at the University of Basel have proposed a new scheme for measuring magnetic or electric fields using quantum steering, which enhances measurement precision. By analyzing entangled particle states, scientists can make more accurate predictions about possible measurement results.
Researchers at the University of Manchester used time-resolved 3D imaging to study the complex dynamics of particle movement in granular materials. The findings show that particle shape and orientation play a crucial role in segregation, with larger nuts like Brazil nuts rising to the top.
The Electron Ion Collider will take 3D images of electrons colliding with polarized protons and ions, shedding light on fundamental questions in nuclear physics. The collider's experimental equipment may also detect the elusive chiral magnetic effect, a crucial prediction for understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
A recent study published in Physics of Fluids reveals that the triangular shape of coronavirus spikes plays a crucial role in its ability to spread. The research, conducted by scientists at OIST and Queen's University, found that the spikes' lower rotational diffusivity enables the virus to better attach itself to objects and people.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences discover abnormal enhancement of α-particle clustering in uranium isotopes, revealing strong proton-neutron interaction influence on α-decay properties. The study reveals systematics trends and anomalies in α-decay reduced widths for polonium-plutonium nuclei near shell closure.
A review paper examines the history and evolution of neutral particle analysis (NPA), a powerful diagnostic technique for harnessing fusion power. NPA has played a key role in advancing controlled fusion physics, with its application expected to be crucial in ITER, the world's largest fusion experiment.
Researchers confirm the original findings that suggested a significant discrepancy in the muon's magnetic field from the Standard Model prediction. This discovery may indicate the presence of an undiscovered type of fundamental physics, leading to further investigation into the nature of particles and forces.
Researchers estimated muon's magnetic field strength using a fully verified theory independent of experimental measurements. The result aligns with the standard model of particle physics, suggesting no need for new physics to explain the phenomenon.
The Muon g-2 experiment has shown fundamental particles behaving in a way not predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics. Researchers have confirmed discrepancies that have been gnawing at scientists for decades.
Scientists from Argonne National Laboratory and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory have conducted an experiment to test the current understanding of the universe. The first result points to the existence of undiscovered particles or forces, which could help explain long-standing scientific mysteries like dark matter.
The Muon g-2 Collaboration has published the first result of its measurement, revealing a discrepancy of 4.2 standard deviations between experiment and theory. The result strengthens evidence for the existence of new physics, potentially indicating previously unknown particles or forces.
Researchers discovered how Janus particles relate to nearby barriers, showing velocities are influenced by physical properties of charged boundaries. This study could help engineer micromotors for complex biological environments, including drug delivery and nano-surgery.
Researchers have solved a long-standing mystery about how particles behave outside a black hole's photon sphere using string theory. The study finds that string theory resolves singularities caused by tidal effects on nearby strings, supporting the idea of extended objects like strings as degrees of freedom in quantum gravity.
Physicists employ advanced computing to study subatomic particles, pushing the boundaries of our understanding. Theoretical framework quantum chromodynamics governs these interactions, with lattice QCD offering insights into the universe's nature.
Scientists at Osaka University fabricated nanopores in silicon dioxide that can prevent particles from entering by applying a voltage. The technology may enable the development of single-particle sensors and next-generation DNA sequencing technology.
The Cygnus Cocoon is found to be the most powerful of our galaxy's known natural particle accelerators, with photons recorded from energies up to one hundred teraelectronvolts. The HAWC observatory detected this phenomenon, suggesting that protons accelerated in stellar winds could be responsible for high-energy gamma photon emission.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has detected a high-energy particle, confirming the 60-year-old Glashow resonance theory. The particle produced a W-boson through an interaction with an electron antineutrino, providing further confirmation of the Standard Model of particle physics.
Scientists confirm detection of high-energy antineutrino event by IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a phenomenon predicted by Nobel laureate physicist Sheldon Glashow in 1960. The discovery provides evidence for the Standard Model of particle physics and sheds light on extreme cosmic events.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory detected a Glashow resonance event, confirming a 60-year-old theory. The event was caused by an electron antineutrino colliding with a particle in Antarctic ice.
Scientists at University of Bath found a way to bind two photons together, creating photon-photon polaritons with predicted masses 1,000+ times lighter than electrons. This discovery has potential applications in terabit and quantum optical communication schemes and precision measurements.
A recent study found that aircraft cabins have the lowest levels of tiny aerosol particles, making them a good option for indoor spaces with low air pollution. The study measured air quality in various environments, including restaurants, offices, and vehicles, and found that aircraft air is exchanged frequently, removing pollutants.
Researchers at the University of Granada and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have proposed a new heavy particle with properties similar to the Higgs boson. This particle is expected to play a fundamental role in explaining the origin of dark matter, which could solve two major problems in theories of particle physics.
Scientists have uncovered a gigantic cosmic particle accelerator after tracing a ghostly neutrino back to a shredded star. The detection provides evidence that tidal disruption events can be powerful natural particle accelerators.
A Berkeley Lab team successfully simulated a complex aspect of particle collisions using a quantum algorithm, accounting for neglected quantum effects. The researchers' approach meshes quantum and classical computing, allowing for efficient resources and improved accuracy.
UK scientists have started production of key equipment for the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a particle physics experiment studying elusive particles called neutrinos. The detectors will capture neutrino interactions in a liquid argon gas detector, with 150 APAs built with millimeter precision.
Researchers studied iodine oxoacid formation from ocean vapors, finding rapid conversion to aerosol particles that affect climate and human health. Iodic acid was identified as a key vapor, while iodous acid played a stabilizing role in neutral particle formation.
A new study reveals that iodine oxoacid particle formation can compete with sulfuric acid in pristine atmospheric regions, contributing to Earth's climate system. Iodine plays a critical role in rapid new particle formation, particularly in coastal and marine areas.
Researchers propose a new theory that predicts the existence of a new force between ordinary and dark matter, making dark matter accessible to forthcoming experiments. The 5-dimensional field equations also predict the existence of a heavy particle with similar properties as the Higgs boson but a much heavier mass.
Researchers found that local emissions significantly contribute to the formation of regional haze and particle growth in Beijing. The study suggests that a reduction of anthropogenic gaseous precursors can suppress particle growth, leading to haze alleviation.
Scientists have found a way to control the behavior of Higgs modes within iron-based superconductors using laser light, opening up new possibilities for quantum sensors and high-speed computing. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in understanding the universe's fundamental nature.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect Majorana zero modes in one-dimensional quantum nanowires, overcoming previous detection difficulties. This breakthrough improves device reproducibility and opens the door for scalable quantum computing applications.
Researchers have developed physics-based technologies to study virus reproduction, revealing dynamic processes like self-assembly. These findings may lead to the development of new antiviral drugs that disrupt critical steps in the virus cycle.
A new machine learning system can correctly diagnose particle accelerator component issues in near-real-time, providing operators with actionable information to mitigate problems. The system achieved accuracy rates of 85% for fault detection and 78% for fault type identification during its first two-week test.
Scientists discovered a way to create supersolids using ultracold quantum gases, a state that exhibits both crystalline order and particle flow. The researchers found that by draining the superfluid bath, the droplets lose communication and behave like independent systems, but can be revived by replenishing the bath.
Researchers use a commercial hand-held particle counter to measure aerosol concentrations, finding results match laboratory-based techniques. This method helps determine infection risks and assesses the impact of ventilation improvements.
Researchers use radio telescopes to search for dark matter near neutron stars, with the goal of detecting the elusive axion particle. The study imposes strong limits on axion particles with masses between 5-11 micro electron-volt, a crucial step towards confirming the theory.
Rice University scientists found that van der Waals force can indent rigid nanosheets, changing their electromagnetic properties. The researchers discovered that the force is sufficient to deform 8-nanometer-thick silver sheets into curvilinear structures with potential applications in nanophotonic research and catalytic systems.
Researchers at Osaka University have created a label-free method for identifying respiratory viruses based on changes in electrical current through silicon nanopores. This new system uses machine learning to achieve highly accurate virus classification, with potential applications for COVID-19 and influenza diagnosis.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory are upgrading a measurement system for the Muon g-2 experiment, which could reveal undiscovered particles. The upgraded system will enable precise measurements of the muon's spin precession rate and magnetic field strength.
A POSTECH research team has developed a faster charging and longer lasting battery material for electric cars. They proved that forming an intermediate phase during charging and discharging can generate high power without losing energy density or reducing particle size, enabling the development of long-lasting Li-ion batteries.
Researchers found that opening windows increases particle exit by nearly 40% and reduces aerosol transmission between students. Glass droplet screens in front of desks also significantly reduced particle transmission.
Researchers from MIPT have developed a prototype detector of high-energy particles capable of picking up protons and electrons with energies between 10-100 MeV. The device improves radiation protection for astronauts and advances our understanding of solar flares.
Researchers developed a novel grid to minimize sample movement in single-particle cryo-EM, resulting in higher image quality and increased data throughput. The new support film, dubbed 'hexAuFoil,' reduces particle displacement and enables the collection of clearer protein structures.
A probabilistic model reveals three distinct regimes of particle motion on burned hillslopes, driven by changes in slope, particle size and surface roughness. Burned slopes are measurably smoother than vegetated slopes, affecting steepland erosion following wildfires.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory develop nuclear physics model to study neutrino interactions, shedding light on why neutrinos change flavors during space or matter travel. The team's findings are crucial for understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance and fundamental questions about its origins.
Researchers have precisely measured the weak interaction between protons and neutrons, yielding the smallest uncertainty in comparable measurements. The experiment uses a novel apparatus to detect subatomic products and overcome background noise, revealing key findings about the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
A new type of accelerator structure could make particle accelerators 10 times smaller, increasing their power density. The technology uses terahertz radiation to boost particle energies, allowing for shorter accelerator lengths.
Hyeon K. Park, a renowned plasma physicist, has made seminal contributions to fusion plasma diagnostics through his original works in ECEI and MIR. His research enhanced the synergies with numerical modeling and theories, leading to rich discoveries of novel plasma physics phenomena.
Researchers have discovered a simple method for creating a curved photonic beam using a microparticle, which can be used for various applications such as microscopy and lithography. This breakthrough enables the creation of more flexible and versatile photonics devices.
Researchers studied a single battery cathode particle's surface and interior to understand how chemical changes affect each other. They discovered variations in cracking and degradation across the particle, which can impact its ability to store and release energy.
Carnegie Mellon University has received a $500,000 planning grant to develop AI research and interdisciplinary collaborations in astrophysics, subatomic physics, and biophysics. The university aims to promote cross-disciplinary interactions and encourage new collaborations to advance fundamental fields.
Researchers have eliminated dark matter candidates as the origin of excess gamma rays detected in the Milky Way's galaxy center through extensive modeling exercises. The study puts strongest constraints yet on dark matter properties, ruling out weakly interacting massive particles up to very high-mass particles.
The NSF has awarded a $20 million grant to create an AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions, a cross-discipline collaboration between 20 physicists and seven AI experts from top universities. The institute will explore the use of AI in fundamental physics and apply physics principles to improve AI methods.
Auralee Edelen's work uses machine learning to streamline particle accelerator operations, while Wai Ling Wu explores mysteries in astrophysics and cosmology. The Panofsky Fellowship provides funding for five years of research.
The U.S. Department of Energy has awarded Berkeley Lab $1.6 million over three years to develop a superconducting magnet system for cancer treatment, while another project aims to advance rapid-fire laser technology for particle colliders and tabletop accelerators.
A team of researchers at DESY has achieved a record-breaking run time of 30 hours for a plasma accelerator, accelerating over 100,000 electron bunches per second. The milestone brings scientists closer to developing practical applications of this innovative technology, which holds promise for powerful and compact particle accelerators.
A new mathematical procedure minimizes the sign problem in quantum Monte Carlo method, reducing computational time for solid-state systems. This approach enables faster development of materials with special spin properties.