A study has identified a new target for controlling cell division, which could lead to insights into diseases such as cancer. The research found that enzymes responsible for lipid synthesis are synthesized at higher efficiency when cells are ready to divide.
A team of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania has successfully grown live adult human neurons in a cell culture, identifying five known brain cell types. The findings hold promise for personalized approaches to understanding and treating brain disorders, such as epilepsy.
Researchers discovered that cadherin clusters prevent cortical deformation by acting as structural anchors in the cell membrane. This new function of non-junctional cadherin clusters regulates cortical movement and stability, allowing for essential processes like cytokinesis to occur without dramatic changes.
Researchers have discovered that the RAGE receptor plays a key role in regulating inflammation through its binding to the leukotriene B4 receptor 1. This interaction modifies LTB4-BLT1 signaling, which modulates the inflammatory response.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University demonstrate how an evolutionary ancient mechanism of protein biosynthesis helps a cell resist stress. They developed a technique called FLERT, which allows studying the impact of cell stress on protein synthesis in a short-time scale.
Researchers have developed a novel live-cell imaging method that allows for dynamic, high-resolution visualization of cell interactions. The Photonic Crystal Enhanced Microscope (PCEM) can quantify and measure cell adhesion, a critical process involved in cell migration, differentiation, division, and death.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a novel approach to reprogram cells from one type to another using artificial transcription factors. This method enables efficient and unbiased conversion of cells, paving the way for faster research and potential therapeutic applications.
Scientists have developed a new, controllable CRISPR genome editing platform called sOPTiKO that can be used in every cell type and at every stage of development. This allows researchers to rapidly investigate the changing role of genes as cells develop into different tissues.
Researchers at Nagoya University have successfully visualized asymmetric cell division in fertilized plant cells using live cell imaging. The study reveals how the direction of this division determines the body axis of flowering plants, with a small cell forming on top and a large cell at the bottom.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a triarylmethane compound that selectively inhibits cell division in plant cells. This reversible compound may be effective in controlling plant growth by targeting cell division.
A new color-based labeling technique allows researchers to track the development and behavior of individual blood stem cells. The study reveals that these cells have a scripted set of responses and cannot make just any blood cell type.
The Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme at CNIO has contributed to the BLUEPRINT project, a major European initiative studying the human epigenome. The project has generated a large volume of epigenomic data, which is now accessible for research, facilitating new ways to diagnose and treat diseases.
Peter Baumann, a renowned chromosome researcher, joins Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz as Professor of Molecular Biology and Adjunct Director at IMB. His research focuses on telomeres and genetic diversity, aiming to understand the molecular and cellular principles behind chromosome biology.
Researchers discovered two distinct mechanisms of cell extrusion from epithelial sheets, with low-density cell crawling and lamellipodia extension being the predominant mechanism at low cell density, while purse-string contraction takes over at high densities.
The Cell Press has partnered with The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy (ASGCT) to publish its four journals, including Molecular Therapy, starting January 2017. This partnership aims to improve the dissemination of research breakthroughs in gene and cell therapies.
Researchers link PIP to cell-mediated immunity, suggesting its potential as a new target for immunotherapeutic agents. PIP may help the immune system recognize and destroy foreign cells, including tumor cells, offering a protective effect against breast cancer.
Researchers from Colorado State University discovered that a cancer cell's shape may offer similar clues to predict how dangerous it is and guide treatment strategies. By analyzing cell shape using Zernike moments, the team was able to identify patterns that distinguish invasive osteosarcoma cell lines.
A study by Lund University researcher Pontus Nordenfelt reveals how cells move using integrins, actin, and an adaptor protein. The technique enables measuring mechanical force acting on integrins, which could lead to targeted drugs to strengthen the immune system against infections.
Advances in biomolecular modeling and understanding life at the molecular level are paving the way for a three-dimensional computer model of a cell. This could provide fundamental insight into how cells work and improve disease diagnosis and drug design.
Scientists in Japan have successfully demonstrated the transplantation of stem cell-derived retinal cells generated from immunologically matched donor animals without the need for harmful immunosuppressants. MHC-mismatched grafts produced tissue damage and signs of immune rejection, while matched grafts survived without immunosuppression.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital identified a distinct gene module for T cell dysfunction, contributing to chronic disease states like cancer and chronic viral infections. A transcription factor, Gata-3, was found to play a crucial role in T cell dysfunction, offering new avenues for targeted therapy.
A widely used brain cancer cell line, U87MG, has been found to be of unknown origin and different from the original patient tumor. Researchers used forensic and mitochondrial DNA profiling to trace the cell line's origin, revealing a potential mix-up or cross-contamination.
Scientists have found that cell boundary elongation is driven by the activity of actomyosin networks in neighboring cells, not within the same cell. This discovery sheds light on the complex processes involved in tissue development and organ specialization.
Fascin protein plays a crucial role in deforming the cell nucleus to navigate through tight spaces. The study suggests that this ability may be exploited by cancer cells to invade tissues, making fascin a potential target for therapy.
Harvard Medical School scientists have identified a new family of proteins that virtually all bacteria use to build and maintain their cell walls. The discovery of this new family, called SEDS proteins, reveals potential targets for much-needed therapies that target the cell wall as a way to kill harmful bacteria.
Unproven stem cell therapies are on the rise for lung disease patients, despite promise of new treatments. Researchers warn that aggressive marketing and lack of regulation are exacerbating perceptions of these therapies.
Researchers at UCI have discovered a new treatment method for metastatic melanoma by blocking the 'don't eat me' signaling protein CD47 on melanoma cells, increasing their phagocytosis by macrophages. This approach, combined with targeting another cell surface protein CD271, resulted in near complete elimination of metastasis from mice.
Researchers found that the expression of specific genes and DNA methylation patterns, such as IFG2 and reduced aberrant methylation, are better indicators of iPS cell differentiation to hematopoietic cells. This discovery suggests a more efficient method for producing high-quality blood cells through reprogramming.
Scientists have created gels that can instruct stem cells to differentiate into specific types, such as bone and cartilage. By monitoring stem cell behavior on these gels, researchers identified key metabolites that guide the differentiation process.
Researchers have discovered a genetic switch, microRNA mirR-125a, that can be used to increase the supply of stem cells from cord blood. This discovery could potentially increase the availability of stem cell transplants for cancer patients with no matching donors.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new method to detect telomere length, which can influence cancer progression and aging. The new approach uses non-radioactive probes, increasing sensitivity and stability, and may help slow or stop cancer cell growth.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology calls for community action to develop comprehensive toolkit for assuring cell line quality. A DNA fingerprinting method is proposed to detect mix-ups and contamination, addressing a growing priority among funders and publishers.
Scientists from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) urge researchers to adopt comprehensive toolkit for assuring cell line quality, implemented before studies using human cells. Current standard has not been widely adopted despite growing priority among funders and publishers.
The National Cell Manufacturing Consortium has developed a national roadmap for advanced cell manufacturing, aiming to increase the production of high-quality living cells for cell-based therapies. The consortium, established by Georgia Tech and industry partners, aims to establish the US as a leader in cell therapy manufacturing.
Chem, Cell Press' new physical sciences journal, aims to move the field forward through original research articles, reviews, and front matter. Key findings include transporters with high selectivity for chloride over other ions, stable phosphorous carbene analogs, and strategies for producing chemicals from renewable sources.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have shown how infected immune cells directly transmit newly minted viral particles to uninfected sister cells, spreading the virus efficiently. This study highlights cell-to-cell transmission as a key route for HIV spread and may help develop new treatments.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Brown University a five-year, $11.5 million grant to expand its research in computational biology. The new Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) will support early career faculty members as they tackle genomics underlying diseases such as cancer and preeclampsia. Researchers will...
Researchers from the University Freiburg have developed a new model of T cell activation, demonstrating that cholesterol prevents an immune response even when no antigen is present. The study reveals a specific interaction between cholesterol and inactive T cell receptors, regulating their conformation and activity.
Researchers have developed a nanoblade that can slice through cell membranes to insert mitochondria, with successful transfer rates of up to 2%. This technology holds promise for studying mitochondrial diseases and advancing fields like infectious diseases research.
Researchers have identified a signaling pathway that prevents DNA damage during cell division, ensuring identical copies are passed on to daughter cells. Chromatin bridges can form if DNA replication is problematic, but these bridges do not always trigger an alarm signal.
The primary method used to test compounds for anti-cancer activity in cells is flawed, according to a study by Vanderbilt University researchers. They have developed a new metric to evaluate a compound's effect on cell proliferation called the DIP rate, which overcomes the flawed bias in traditional methods.
Researchers at UT Knoxville have discovered a novel regulatory pattern for cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, triggered by the signaling protein Cdc42. This finding has implications for understanding cancer and other diseases, where defects in Cdc42 control are associated.
Researchers from Louisiana Tech University will showcase their work in 3D bio-printing and regenerative medicine at the Experimental Biology Annual Meeting. The university's BioMorPH Lab, led by Dr. David Mills, will present three scientific symposium sessions on topics such as stem cell differentiation and 3D printing.
The American Association of Anatomists awards Young Investigators for groundbreaking research in cell biology, neuroanatomy, and morphological sciences. The winners, including Michael Jenkins, Andrew Holland, Casey Holliday, and Hillel Adesnik, are recognized for their contributions to the field and will present lectures on their work.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University found that heat shock triggers DNA damage response, leading to cellular senescence. The study's results may help develop new methods for curing cancer.
Researchers reconstruct cell surface from scratch using a mixture of fats and proteins to test theories on cell surface dynamics. The 'active composite model' predicts the behavior of cell surface molecules, which were confirmed through microscopic techniques.
Cell biologists from Lomonosov Moscow State University discovered a new way to regulate cell motility, enabling the development of new medicines for cancer and vessel diseases. The study found that protein kinase LOSK regulates dynactin, a complex protein necessary for retrograde intercellular transport.
Researchers at EMBL have observed the elimination of centrioles from starfish egg cells, a process essential for viable embryo development. The study reveals the role of appendages in directing centriole expulsion and provides insights into the molecular logic underlying this mechanism.
Enrico Di Cera's work on the Structural Biology Data Grid allows researchers to share and reproduce findings faster, advancing the field of structural biology. The grid supports archiving of raw experimental datasets, enabling rapid access for validation and improving existing models.
Scientists at St Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered a new pathway for mitochondrial cell death involving the BCL-2 ovarian killer protein. This mechanism is linked to cellular stress and may lead to new cancer treatments.
Researchers found that inhibiting calcium transfer to mitochondria selectively kills cancer cells by inducing bioenergetic crisis and autophagy. Providing metabolic substrates rescues the lethal effect, suggesting that cell death is caused by compromised bioenergetics.
A new microscope enables the visualization of cancer cells in 3D, revealing that these cells form small protrusions called blebs in a more realistic tumor environment. This discovery is a first step toward understanding 3D biology in tumor microenvironments and may help explain skin cancer cell invasiveness and drug resistance.
A recent study published in the Journal of Cell Biology reveals that stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes have weaker contractile strength than their biological counterparts, which could explain shortcomings in clinical trials. The findings suggest that novel assays are needed to better understand the basic science behind stem cell therapy.
The 2016 ASBMB meeting featured scientific symposia on various topics including bioinorganic catalysis, cell signaling, chemical biology, chromatin organization, DNA replication, education, and glycoscience. Key researchers like Aziz Sancar will present their work on DNA repair and precision medicine.
Researchers developed a muscle-on-a-chip model that demonstrates how cardiac stem cell therapies can fail due to inefficient force transmission between new and old heart cells. The study suggests that mechanical forces are not transmitted properly, leading to the formation of cellular adhesions that dissipate force to surrounding tissues.
Researchers developed an algorithm called Mogrify that predicts the unique set of cellular factors required for converting one human cell type to another. This breakthrough has significant implications for regenerative medicine and lays the groundwork for further research into cell reprogramming.
Researchers at UAlberta have developed a new microscope technology that allows them to observe particles in a living yeast cell and track the route of RNA transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This breakthrough finding has significant implications for medical advances and understanding of cellular biology.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a gene, CAF1, that erases a cell's memory, making it more susceptible to reprogramming and making the process quicker and more efficient. This discovery enables the production of stem cells and may provide a general key to facilitate cellular reprogramming.
Researchers identify two cancer phenotype clusters based on endocytic dysfunction in non-small cell lung cancers, one marked by KRAS mutations and the other by epithelial changes. This study provides a new approach to distinguishing cancer subtypes using endocytic activity.
Mount Sinai researchers developed a synthetic vector to rapidly eliminate total cellular miRNA populations, revealing the limited role of microRNAs in modulating cell biology over long periods. This tool enables manipulation of miRNA responses for potential treatment of diseases like cancer.