A new study in PLOS ONE shows that certain hybrids are naturally density tolerant, improving yield when planted at higher populations. Increasing populations of density-tolerant hybrids can lead to an average extra $40 per acre in profit for growers and up to $120 to $280 per acre for processors.
Researchers discovered large-scale polycultural agricultural systems for growing crops like avocado and maize in Maya wetlands. The findings suggest these fields were adaptations to major shifts in Maya civilization as food demand increased during the Late Classic period.
A study by University of California, Davis, found that high-severity fires are turning forest patches into shrub fields, indefinitely in some cases. The researchers suggest a multifaceted management approach to help forests adapt and preserve plant diversity.
Studies examine the effects of temperature on itchgrass and divine nightshade seeds in sugarcane fields. Higher temperatures can kill weeds, but varying conditions are needed for optimal control, considering seed coat structure and soil insulation.
Researchers developed a nano-tomographic technique to detect invisible properties of nano-structured light landscapes in the focus of a lens. This approach enables single, fast, and straightforward camera imaging of these complex light fields.
Researchers have developed a new method for creating mirror-symmetric axes in the polarizations of light, enabling complex manipulations useful in optical tools and technologies. The design, inspired by kaleidoscope symmetry, allows for tightly focused fields with various shapes and introduces elliptical polarization.
Scientists at University of Illinois replicate Hall Effect with photons, enhancing one-way radio transmission and absorbing opposing signals. The technique could protect sources from interference and ensure accurate quantum measurements.
Researchers have directly observed the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm Effect, a predicted exotic phenomenon involving optical waves and synthetic magnetic fields. The finding may offer a step toward fault-tolerant quantum computers.
A new study reveals that the deaths of prominent life scientists are followed by an increase in highly cited research by newcomers, with papers by these researchers receiving more citations than those of established scientists.
Researchers found that 36% of squash bees are chronically exposed to lethal doses of clothianidin in soil, exceeding the acceptable threshold of 5%. This risk is applicable to many other wild bee species in Canada, highlighting the need for new approaches to protect pollinators and crops simultaneously.
Researchers at PSI have developed a new method to precisely measure strong magnetic fields using polarized neutrons. This allows them to visualize and quantify inhomogeneous and anisotropic magnetic fields, with applications in alternators, MRI systems, and other devices.
Researchers have developed a method to extract hydrogen from oil sands, which can be used to power hydrogen-powered vehicles and generate electricity. The process is cheap, with costs estimated at around 10-50 cents per kilo, making it potentially more economically viable than current methods.
Researchers have made substantial progress in engineering quantized gauge fields coupled to ultracold matter, a versatile platform for tackling complex problems in physics. By controlling the Peierls phase, neutral atoms can mimic charged particles moving in magnetic fields.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that low-intensity electromagnetic fields reduce the ability of specific breast cancer cells to migrate and spread. The study used a lab model to mimic the body environment and discovered that certain drug therapies can enhance the effects of electromagnetic fields on blocking cancer cell meta...
Brittany Seto, a UC Riverside alumna, interned at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and is now working on Mars projects. The university has set a record for the number of UCR undergraduates interning at JPL, with 22 students participating in the FIELDS program.
Researchers discovered a small misalignment of magnetic coils in a tokamak facility that caused errors and deviations from optimal alignment, leading to increased localized heating and reduced plasma rotation. The findings have implications for future fusion devices like ITER, with improved engineering tolerance requirements proposed.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have identified two distinct pathways for lung adenocarcinoma development, which can inform treatment strategies and predict patient response. The study's findings suggest that targeting specific pathways may provide alternative treatment options for patients with limited response to traditional therapies.
Researchers used observations and physics theory to estimate magnetic field strengths for four hot Jupiters, ranging from 20 to 120 gauss. The findings suggest that internal heat flux plays a key role in determining planetary magnetic fields.
A new coating of niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) has shown promise for reducing the cost of operating superconducting radio-frequency cavity resonators. The material could allow for operation at lower temperatures and withstand higher electromagnetic fields, saving millions in construction and electricity costs.
Female students with high math proficiency tend to excel in reading, closing the gender gap in math-related fields. The study suggests that comparative advantage in math over reading contributes up to 80% of the gender gap in math studies and careers.
Researchers propose a new measurement technique to stabilize plasma in next-generation magnetic fusion devices. By combining Electron Cyclotron Emission data with high-neutron environment imaging, the system provides robust diagnostics for mapping and controlling plasma equilibrium.
Research conducted by the CNRS found that organic farming boosts honeybee colonies with 37% more brood, 20% more adult bees, and 53% greater honey production. This may be due to a wider diversity of pollen resources or lower pesticide mortality.
Scientists have detected the first polarized radio waves from a gamma ray burst jet, revealing that magnetic fields are more patchy and tangled than previously thought. The discovery was made possible by advanced radio telescopes and allows researchers to test theories about the structure of magnetic fields within jets.
The study highlights the importance of native southeastern blueberry bees in pollinating rabbiteye blueberries, increasing fruit set from 10-30% to 70% or more. Providing habitat for these bees on the edges of fields can support their population and improve pollination.
A new method allows researchers to map magnetic field orientations in space using ground-based telescopes, revolutionizing studies of star formation and cosmic rays. The 'Wisconsin technique' generates high-resolution maps comparable to those obtained with the Planck mission.
The new magnetic metamaterial, made of plastic and copper, can amplify MRI imaging capabilities and cut scan time in half. It has the potential to increase the number of patients seen by clinics and decrease associated costs without risking higher-strength magnetic fields.
Physicists Pawel Pieranski and Maria Helena Godinho have found that the 'dowser texture' in nematic liquid crystals responds differently to electric fields in various materials. This phenomenon, known as electro-osmosis, enables detection of subtle electrical effects.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas have discovered a promising new material that can efficiently store information using both magnetic and electric fields. The study suggests this material, bismuth ferrite, could lead to faster and cheaper computer memory.
A UBC researcher's study found that commercial bio-fertilizers may not improve soil quality or crop yields, raising concerns about environmental consequences. The study also highlights the need for more knowledge on the impact of these inoculants on the land and potential invasive species risks.
A new study reveals that charged particles can emit bright flashes of gamma rays by interacting with the quantum vacuum, challenging a long-held assumption about the nature of empty space. The researchers used high-powered lasers and strong magnetic fields to create conditions where Cherenkov emission could occur in vacuum.
A survey of 471 undergraduate women physicists found that nearly three-quarters had experienced gender harassment, leading to diminished sense of belonging and imposter phenomenon. The study emphasizes the need for a cultural shift in physics departments to address sexual harassment and promote diversity and inclusion.
Researchers from Michigan State University used satellite imagery to quantify nitrogen losses in Midwestern corn fields. They found that nearly $1 billion worth of fertilizer is wasted annually, resulting in 6.8 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.
A new study reveals that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) increase osteoblast precursor cell proliferation and induce osteogenic gene expression, but do not enhance calcium deposition. Careful selection of PEMF parameters is crucial for inducing a favorable effect.
Researchers found that honey bee colonies foraging on land with a strong cover of clover species and alfalfa do significantly better than those in crop fields. Higher levels of vitellogenin stores are associated with increased colony size, antioxidant enzymes, and disease resistance.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new way to measure atomic-scale magnetic fields, not only up and down but also sideways. The technique uses nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond to detect tiny variations in magnetic fields, providing high precision in multiple dimensions.
The study found that burnout decreased and satisfaction with work-life integration improved among US physicians between 2014 and 2017. However, levels of burnout remain higher than in other fields, affecting around 44% of physicians.
A recent study published in The FASEB Journal revealed that Static Magnetic Field treatment can significantly enhance osteogenesis in human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The researchers observed improved bone formation potential and better osteogenic markers in the SMF-treated cells compared to the control group.
A new study by Tel Aviv University researchers suggests that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields from lightning, known as Schumann Resonances, may protect cells from damage under stress conditions. The study found significant effects on living heart cells of rats within 30-40 minutes when exposed to these fields.
Moritz Lang and Mikhail Shkonikov from IST Austria have discovered a new property of the Abelian sandpile model, showing that it can exhibit dynamics similar to those of real-world sand dunes. The researchers used a specific method to add sand grains to the model, which induced self-similar fractal patterns reminiscent of the Mandelbro...
A Texas A&M-led project will examine the culture and climate related to sexual harassment in STEM fields, aiming to prevent such incidents. The research aims to develop tools for universities to improve their handling of sexual harassment concerns.
Astronomers have discovered that particle escapees from black holes steal rotational energy through interactions with magnetic fields, resulting in high-speed plasma jets. The new simulations show two main mechanisms: the Blandford-Znajek process and a particle-boosting mechanism near the equator.
Russian scientists discovered that abandoned arable land is immediately overgrown with forest if there are no grass fires, contradicting the previous assumption of a five-year wait period. Grass fires significantly influence vegetation growth and density on former agricultural fields.
Researchers at the University of Connecticut created a sensor using iron oxide nanoparticles in silicone that can detect pressure, temperature, and vibration, as well as magnetic fields and sound waves. The sensor could potentially help burn victims feel again and serve as an early warning for workers exposed to high magnetic fields.
Researchers estimate that saturated buffers, vegetated strips of land between tile-drained fields and waterways, could reduce agricultural drainage nitrogen by 5 to 10 percent. This approach is inexpensive and can be easily integrated with farming practices.
PhD students from underrepresented minority groups publish more research when their institutional culture is welcoming and sets clear expectations. Black students face challenges due to negative experiences in white settings, but these are mitigated by a sense of preparedness and belonging.
US immigrant children major in STEM subjects more than their US-born peers, with 36% of immigrants from non-English speaking countries pursuing these fields. They take more math and science courses, earning 20% more credits in math-intensive courses, which leads to careers in STEM fields.
Researchers from RIKEN and JAXA use ALMA radio observatory to measure magnetic field strengths near two supermassive black holes. The findings reveal that the magnetic fields are insufficient to heat coronae to one billion degrees Celsius, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers found that tilled fields had smaller ant nests, which consume fewer weed seeds, while no-till fields had more evenly distributed ant nests. This suggests that preserving ant colonies by reducing tillage could benefit farmers in managing weeds.
A team at Cal Tech developed a novel approach to building a water force field, demonstrating its accuracy in predicting various properties of water. The new force field shows promise in improving drug design and understanding anomalous characteristics of water.
A new Louis Stokes Regional Center of Excellence will help broaden participation of minority students in nanotechnology and STEM fields. The center will provide remote access to nanotechnology instruments, research experience, and professional development for educators.
Researchers have discovered that rice plants can be used to clean runoff from farms before it enters waterways, capturing pesticides and reducing their presence in rivers and streams. The study found that levels of three common pesticides dropped by as much as 97% in fields where rice was planted.
Researchers have used magnetoencephalography to measure magnetite levels in the human brain, which could lead to new studies on its role in neurodegenerative diseases. The study found greater accumulation of magnetite in the brains of older individuals, primarily in the hippocampus.
A team of vulcanologists from ETH Zurich has found evidence suggesting the Phlegraean Fields are in the early stage of a new caldera cycle, which could lead to another massive eruption. The researchers used rock samples from previous eruptions to reconstruct the conditions in the crust and create a model of the cycle.
The journal publishes original research, reviews, brief communications, and case reports across various medical fields. All published articles will be freely accessible during the first two years of publication.
Researchers at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory found that plasma turbulence could amplify magnetic fields to dynamical strengths in a hot, dilute plasma, such as those residing within clusters of galaxies. This discovery provides a possible answer to one of the most important unsolved problems in plasma astrophysics.
Researchers from MAGPIE laboratories simulate stellar winds interacting with planetary magnetic fields, reproducing magnetopause formation and low-pressure regions. Laboratory experiments utilize intense electric pulses to create high-speed plasma plumes that interact with targets having magnetic fields.
Two UTA social work professors, Noelle Fields and Ling Xu, have received a $459,994 NIH grant to develop an intervention program for African American dementia caregivers. The SCP Plus program aims to reduce caregiver burden and stress while increasing the well-being of caregivers.
A study published in Ecology tracked seed movement using electrical engineering and mathematical models, predicting colonization and establishment patterns for 50 prairie plant species. The researchers found their estimates accurately predicted the likelihood of colonization and spatial establishment patterns across abandoned fields.
Researchers found that the Biermann effect can sever magnetic field lines, triggering magnetic reconnection. The discovery was made through computer simulations of high-energy-density plasma experiments, revealing a previously unknown mechanism in astrophysical plasmas.
Researchers have developed a method to measure magnetic properties of superconducting materials at extremely low temperatures and high magnetic fields.