Articles tagged with Randomization
A Children's Hospital Colorado study explores a neuromuscular training intervention to reduce injury risk in athletes returning from sports-related concussions. The research found that athletes who completed the 8-week training program had a significantly lower risk of time-loss injuries compared to those who did not participate.
A landmark VA study found that prolonged exposure was statistically more effective than cognitive processing therapy in easing PTSD symptoms, with most Veterans showing meaningful improvement from both treatments. The researchers recommended shared decision-making between clinicians and patients to select their preferred treatment.
A randomized controlled trial found that remdesivir reduced the need for mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The study involved 1282 patients and showed that those treated with remdesivir were able to come off oxygen and ventilators sooner than those receiving standard care.
A global trial led by UCL found that a dolutegravir-based regimen reduced treatment failure among young people aged three to 18 by around 40% compared to standard treatments. The study also showed better growth and lipid profiles in children receiving dolutegravir, making it an effective option for treating HIV in children.
The study combined seven randomized clinical trials with 8,000 patients to compare overall and treatment-specific outcomes of Black and white men with localized prostate cancer who received radiation therapy. The results showed that there were significant racial disparities in response to radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Advanced Quantum Testbed demonstrated a method to reduce error rates in quantum algorithms, leading to more accurate and stable computations. The technique, known as randomized compiling, can suppress one of the most severe types of errors: coherent errors.
A randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of a Mediterranean diet and mindfulness-based stress reduction on preventing small-for-gestational age birth weights. The study found that these interventions significantly reduced the risk of this adverse pregnancy outcome.
A new study from the University of South Australia found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and higher blood pressure. Increasing vitamin D levels in deficient individuals may prevent up to 4.4% of all CVD cases, according to the research.
A UK trial shows six different COVID-19 boosters are safe and stimulate strong immune responses in people who have previously received a two-dose course of ChAdOx1-nCov19 or BNT162b2, according to the first randomised trial of boosters given after two doses. The study found varying levels of protection against COVID-19 infection and ho...
The study found that the Moderna vaccine offered a lower risk of documented infection (21% reduced), symptomatic COVID-19 (44% reduced), hospitalization (55% reduced), ICU admission (10% reduced), and death (2% reduced) compared to the Pfizer vaccine. The results suggest that either vaccine is effective, but Moderna may be slightly mor...
Researchers at the Texas Heart Institute have made significant breakthroughs in treating persistent heart failure with a novel stem cell therapy. The phase 3 clinical trial results show that this treatment has the potential to alter the natural history of heart disease, reducing hospitalizations and improving patient outcomes.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that losartan, commonly used to treat high blood pressure, did not significantly slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease in people with mild-to-moderate symptoms. However, the drug may still be beneficial for those with early-stage disease if prescribed for longer periods.
A large-scale trial found that penicillin can prevent progression of latent rheumatic heart disease in Ugandan children. The study enrolled 818 children and showed that early detection coupled with prophylactic treatment significantly reduced worsened heart conditions, offering hope for addressing this neglected disease.
Aspen recovery in Yellowstone National Park has been found to be less robust than previously believed due to biased sampling methods. Random sampling of all young aspen within a stand revealed a slower rate of recovery compared to the five tallest young aspen, which were used in previous studies.
The largest trial to date shows that fluvoxamine treatment for high-risk outpatients with early-diagnosed COVID-19 reduces the need for prolonged observation or hospitalization. The study found an absolute reduction in risk of prolonged hospitalization and a relative risk reduction of 32% compared to the control group.
A randomized clinical trial found that combined varenicline and nicotine patch therapy did not improve 7-day abstinence rates compared to varenicline treatment alone or extended vs. reduced treatment duration
A new trial has found that vaginal laser therapy treatments claim to reduce negative vaginal symptoms of menopause – experienced by about half of all women – by up to 100 per cent. However, the study shows they might not work at all, with no difference found between the laser treatment and a placebo.
A randomized controlled trial of 1,600 patients found that rates of survival, functional recovery, and post-operative delirium are similar for both general and spinal anesthesia. This challenges common thinking about spinal anesthesia being safer.
A parent-led therapy for early signs of autism has significantly reduced the likelihood of an autism diagnosis at age three. The iBASIS-VIPP program uses video-feedback to support social development and unique abilities, resulting in increased parental sensitivity and language development.
A two-dose Ebola vaccine regimen has been found to be safe, well-tolerated, and produce a strong immune response in people over 1 year old. The study also supports the use of this regimen for Ebola virus disease prevention in children and adults.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Schmidt College of Medicine review recent randomized trials, concluding that hydroxychloroquine poses significant harm in treating COVID-19. The study suggests a halt on prescribing the medication, recommending vaccination and masking instead as effective public health strategies.
Researchers compared the accuracy of two types of fecal tests for detecting colorectal cancer, finding that both types are reliable when thresholds are adjusted. The study suggests that health providers should select the best type of test based on specific demands in screening settings.
New research published in PNAS suggests that community-based monitoring can improve water management in rural Costa Rica by reducing groundwater extraction and improving water quality. The program, which used a smartphone application and WhatsApp, showed modest but significant effects after one year.
A NIH study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that administering convalescent plasma to outpatients with early symptoms of COVID-19 did not prevent disease progression. The trial, which enrolled over 500 participants, showed a significant reduction of less than 2% in disease progression.
A randomized trial in Bangladesh shows that training in the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method increases rice yield and profit by 14-17% and 22-31%, respectively. Additionally, household well-being is higher for farmers in training communities compared to those without training.
A new randomized controlled trial found that Transcendental Meditation significantly improved emotional stress symptoms, quality of sleep, and English Language Arts academic achievement in high school students. The study showed that meditation was more effective than sustained silent reading in improving academic outcomes.
The VATRAC trial confirms VivAer's safety and efficacy in treating nasal airway obstruction caused by nasal valve collapse. Patients treated with VivAer showed significant improvement in symptoms compared to the control group, with superior responder rates and symptom reduction.
Despite widespread use, many common joint procedures like hip replacements and shoulder repair surgery have limited high-quality evidence to support their clinical effectiveness. The analysis highlights the urgent need for research and definitive trials to evaluate these interventions.
A new modeling study suggests that randomization and early recruitment in COVID-19 clinical trials can help identify effective antiviral drugs. The researchers found that timing of treatment initiation also plays a crucial role, with treatments administered within the first day of symptom onset showing improved outcomes.
A new study found that a double stimulation approach, known as DuoStim, is as efficient as conventional two cycles of ovarian stimulation and reduces the time to pregnancy in predicted poor responders. This strategy recruits multiple follicles on any day of the cycle, benefiting patients with low egg collection and high treatment failu...
New CONSORT-AI extension addresses limitations in AI study reporting, promoting standardization and improving the validity of AI studies in dentistry. With the growth of AI in clinical trials, standardized reporting is crucial to gauge methodology, bias, and replication.
A new study suggests that alternate-day intermittent fasting may offer no unique health benefits over a standard daily diet. In contrast, traditional daily energy restriction resulted in greater weight and fat loss. The researchers note that longer studies with larger groups are needed to confirm these findings.
A new study from McGill University found no genetic evidence that vitamin D works as a protective measure against COVID-19. The study analyzed 14,134 individuals with COVID-19 and over 1.2 million without the disease, but found no difference between vitamin D levels and severity of illness.
A Mendelian randomization study found no evidence that vitamin D levels are associated with reduced COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, or severe disease outcomes. The study's results suggest that raising circulating vitamin D levels through supplementation may not improve COVID-19 outcomes in the general population.
The 58th ERA-EDTA Congress features presentations on groundbreaking studies for C3 glomerulopathy, primary IGA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerosclerosis, and end-stage kidney disease. Expert insights into treatment strategies will be shared during the virtual press conference.
Researchers compared reporting practices for race, sex, and socioeconomic status in randomized clinical trials published in 2015 and 2019. The study found improvements in reporting these factors over time.
The study, led by Caicun Zhou, found that sintilimab-gemcitabine/platinum improved progression-free survival over placebo-gemcitabine/platinum. The results demonstrated a 46.4% reduction in disease progression or death risk.
A study analyzing 105 glaucoma trials reveals significant racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trial participation. Minority groups are underrepresented in these trials, which could impact the development of effective treatments for diverse populations.
The CASTLE study investigated the role of imaging-guided percutaneous cardiac intervention (PCI) in clinical outcomes difference between ultra-thin strut biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent (Orsiro) and durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents (Xience). The results show no significant differences in target lesion failure rat...
The EBC MAIN trial found no significant difference in one-year clinical outcomes between planned single stenting and upfront two-stent techniques for true bifurcation distal left main disease. The primary composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization occurred at a rate of 14.7% in the provision...
Researchers used genetic methods to examine 12 coagulation measures, uncovering four factors associated with migraine susceptibility in individuals with aura. The study suggests a potential causal role of hemostatic factors in migraines with aura.
A randomized survey experiment found heightened awareness of immigration detention fosters beliefs that the US immigration system lacks procedural and outcome fairness. Individuals' intentions to migrate were not influenced by heightened awareness of immigration detention or nonjudicial removals.
A randomized double-blind controlled trial of convalescent plasma for adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 found mortality at 28 days in the treatment arm was half the rate seen in the control arm. However, treatment was not associated with other improvements in clinical status among patients.
A study presented at ACC.21 found that low- and high-dose aspirin achieved similar health benefits for those with cardiovascular disease, including reduced death and hospitalization rates. However, the higher dose group was more likely to switch doses and discontinue use due to tolerability concerns.
A study from Bocconi University found that negative campaigning with electoral attacks on opponents backfires, but has positive spillover effects on third candidates in multicandidate races. In a three-candidate race, the 'idle candidate' benefits from negative smearing.
A large analysis of patient data suggests that delayed antibiotic prescribing is a safe and effective strategy for most patients, including those in higher risk subgroups. The study found no significant difference in symptom severity or duration between delayed and immediate antibiotics, but a slight benefit in reducing re-consultation...
A pilot trial found that the 'Sit Less, Interact, Move More' intervention decreased sedentary time, increased stepping time, and boosted step counts in patients with moderate-to-advanced CKD. However, these benefits were not sustained over 20 weeks. The study suggests that additional interventions may be needed to sustain long-term eff...
A randomized controlled study found that a Mediterranean diet combined with small portions of lean beef helped lower LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels. The study suggests that healthy diets can include a wide variety of foods, including red meat, while still being heart-friendly.
A new study led by VCU researchers found that e-cigarettes delivering a high amount of nicotine are effective in reducing smoking and exposure to NNAL, a major pulmonary carcinogen. The study suggests that when e-cigarettes deliver nicotine effectively, smokers have greater success in quitting or reducing their smoking habit.
A large randomized controlled trial found that low-dose IV contrast-enhanced 2-millisievert CT is comparable to conventional-dose CT for diagnosing right colonic diverticulitis. The study included 3,074 patients and demonstrated similar diagnostic performance between the two groups.
School-based interventions, particularly peer-assisted instruction and small-group teaching, have positive effects on reading and mathematics for students with academic difficulties. These targeted interventions can substantially boost skills in these students.
A randomized controlled experiment found that a 30-minute empathy exercise for probation and parole officers reduced their belief that individuals on probation are likely to reoffend. The intervention also led to a 13% decrease in recidivism rates among those supervised.
Professor David Matchar and his team received the Stroke Rehabilitation Award from the American Stroke Association for their project investigating incentives to improve outpatient rehabilitation services among stroke patients. The study found that providing incentives significantly increased the uptake of these services, highlighting a...
A recent study published in JAMA Surgery found that patients have a more difficult time understanding and building trust with their surgeons when they cannot see the surgeon's entire face due to masking requirements. Patients reported improved communication and higher ratings for surgeons who wore clear masks.
A randomized clinical trial found that American Indian and Alaska Native adults with alcohol dependence responded positively to incentives for abstinence. The study examined the effectiveness of incentives offered for laboratory-confirmed abstinence from alcohol among participants diagnosed with alcohol dependence.
Researchers assessed COVID-19 trial recruitment and results reporting within the first 100 days of the pandemic. The study found challenges in recruiting participants and accurately reporting trial results, which can impact the validity of clinical trials.
A simulated online supermarket study found that suggesting healthy food swaps could lower the calories customers buy. The research also explored how social norms and messaging impact the adoption of these swaps.
A randomized controlled trial found that Congressional offices with targeted support reported increased value of scientific evidence for understanding legislative issues. The intervention group introduced around 23% more bills using research evidence language and reported a 7% greater value of using research evidence compared to controls.
A sequential approach to treating comorbid PTSD and major depressive disorder has shown promising results in a randomized control trial. The study found that combining Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) and Behavioral Activation Therapy (BA) led to meaningful reductions in PTSD and depression severity.
A new study published in Clinical Trials proposes staging cluster randomized trials to clarify uncertainties around school reopening policies. The trial design would create a rigorous evidence base for policymakers to make informed decisions, considering factors such as community transmission and health system capacity.