Articles tagged with Digital Data
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Three federal agencies are collaborating to survey coastal waters and shorelines along the East Coast, updating land maps and nautical charts. The efforts aim to support resilience and cost-efficient rebuilding of communities affected by Hurricane Sandy.
The article emphasizes that improving data quality in large online databases depends on a combination of automated checks and capturing expert knowledge. The authors argue that addressing issues requires collaboration between 'aggregators' and the broader expert community.
Researchers will develop an algorithm using digital forensics to detect data exfiltration, employee misconduct, and unauthorized activity. The system will analyze organization's computer systems and present a report on system usage anomalies.
The BIOPOOL project aggregates data from European biobanks to facilitate faster and more accurate cancer diagnoses. This initiative enables clinicians to compare biopsy images of patients with those of numerous other patients, reducing the need for invasive tests and improving treatment outcomes.
Scientists with NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center have restored the fully calibrated digital dust data from the Apollo 14 and 15 missions, allowing for long-term analysis of the lunar dust readings. This achievement is part of the Lunar Data Project, which aims to make scientific data from Apollo available in modern formats.
The funding will support clinical trials of wireless biosensor systems and rapid pharmacogenomic diagnostic tests to track heart attacks and Type 1 diabetes. Scripps Digital Medicine aims to revolutionize healthcare with breakthrough technologies, including DNA sequencing tools.
A new digital compilation of geological data provides valuable insights into the seismic hazards associated with active fault zones. The Active Tectonics of the Andes Database includes over 400 mapped faults and will allow geoscientists to better understand the long-term history and evolution of deformation in fault zones.
The Danish Digital Humanities Laboratory (DIGHUMLAB) aims to push humanities research in new directions through the integration of digital technologies, promoting international collaboration and public awareness.
Researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum discovered that 80 percent of Single Sign-On (SSO) systems based on SAML have huge vulnerabilities. The team used novel XML Signature Wrapping techniques to circumvent digital signatures, impersonating users and system administrators in 12 affected systems.
The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) has released its first public data, providing spectra for 535,995 galaxies, 102,100 quasars, and 116,474 stars. This dataset will help track the universe's expansion history, probing gravity and dark energy.
DataONE enables researchers worldwide to discover, integrate, and analyze massive amounts of diverse environmental and Earth science data. The platform facilitates universal access to data, addressing critical questions about the environment and human role within it.
The next generation of Digital Earth seeks to address issues with current digital globes by incorporating local perspectives, temporal information, and open-source partnerships. This shift aims to improve accuracy and inclusivity while maintaining scientific standards.
Scientists are building an evolutionary tree that connects all living things, from bacteria to trees. The Open Tree of Life project aims to create a central resource for synthesized phylogenetic data, enabling researchers to compare and download the entire tree.
A recent study found that bigger male gorillas are more successful at attracting mates and raising offspring. The research, conducted over 12 years in Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, revealed positive correlations between physical traits such as head-crest size and gluteal muscles with an adult male's average number of mates.
The Whale Alert app provides real-time information on right whale sightings, allowing mariners to navigate around areas of high risk. The app is developed by a collaboration of government agencies, academic institutions, and conservation groups to protect critically endangered North Atlantic right whales.
Researchers developed a low-cost digital head posture measuring device using Nintendo Wiimotes to help diagnose ocular torticollis in children. The system demonstrated high accuracy and reliability in measuring head posture, showing promise as a diagnostic tool for ophthalmic patients.
A German research team has created a record-speed wireless data bridge that transmits digital information up to 20 billion bits per second, surpassing current state-of-the-art systems. The bridge operates at 200 GHz and remains operational under adverse atmospheric conditions.
Linguists are racing to document and revitalize struggling languages with the help of new digital tools. The National Geographic Society has created a comprehensive platform featuring eight talking dictionaries containing over 32,000 word entries in endangered languages, alongside audio recordings and photographs.
Researchers from Penn State and Hallym University developed a system that uses LED lights to provide locational information, enabling shoppers to quickly find items in large stores. The hybrid system combines radio frequency transmitters with overhead LED lights to provide accurate location data.
The Center for Digital Antiquity expands its digital repository tDAR, making archaeological information accessible to researchers and the public. The grant enables the Center to enhance software and enlarge the community of users.
A German-based project, reBiND, rescues and archives biodiversity data at risk of being lost due to lack of documentation or outdated digital storage systems. The project uses the Biological Collections Access Services (BioCASe) software package to transform data into XML files and make them accessible globally through the GBIF network.
A new biodiversity data publishing framework has been proposed by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) to encourage and facilitate the sharing of biodiversity data. The framework aims to overcome barriers to access and publishing of data, making it the expected norm for biodiversity research.
Astronomers detected a nearby Type Ia supernova with unprecedented observation of initial stages, characterizing the nature of forming stars. NSF's Cyber-Enabled Discovery program supported computational framework for rapid detection and characterization.
The Concord Consortium has received a $2.5 million grant from Google.org to create digital curricula that model the 'textbook of tomorrow.' The organization aims to provide deeply digital learning experiences for science, mathematics, and engineering.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum successfully exploited a 'man-in-the-middle' attack to bypass HDCP's encryption, demonstrating the system's security weakness. The low-cost hardware solution used had a material cost of approximately €200 and was designed to assess the feasibility of creating an independent hardware solution.
A new study finds that health and forensic DNA databases are growing to mirror racial disparities in arrest practices and incarceration rates. Underrepresented groups, such as African Americans and Latinos, face more severe disparities in forensic DNA databases compared to health DNA databases.
Digital waste in computers can deplete storage space and slow down systems. Researchers suggest a five-tier pyramid of options to curb the clutter: reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, and dispose. By applying real-world trash management tactics, computers can be cleansed of unnecessary data.
A new algorithm developed by Tel Aviv University researchers can process massive amounts of digital data instantly, allowing for more efficient tracking and prediction of criminal movements. The algorithm creates probability maps displaying likely locations of suspects, enabling officials to focus resources on high-probability areas
A recent study by Rovira i Virgili University reveals that only 20% of recorded climate information is accessible to the scientific community. The remaining data, dating back centuries, pose significant challenges for understanding climate variations and tackling global warming.
The San Diego Supercomputer Center is launching a new data-intensive supercomputer system named Gordon, which will have 250 trillion bytes of flash memory and 64 I/O nodes. This new system aims to solve the challenge of storing valuable data and accelerating scientific discovery by providing faster speeds and massive storage capabilities.
The study maps global digital divide tiers, revealing four tiers of countries based on ICT access. Developed nations dominate the top tier, while African nations account for most of the lowest tier, indicating significant disparities in computer use and internet access.
A new open digital brain atlasing framework, combining Waxholm Space and Digital Atlasing Infrastructure, facilitates the integration of genetic, anatomical, and functional imaging studies. This framework is expected to catalyze both basic and medical neuroscience research by linking genetic studies with large-scale brain structure and...
Researchers evaluated six plant species using digital image analysis to determine their ability to thrive on extensive green roofs in Colorado. Five plants that survived a 2-year experiment are recommended for use in semiarid regions, including blue grama and hardy ice plant.
Psychologists at Jena University discovered that adapting to faces of older people can make a person appear younger. The study found that viewing multiple faces of the same age group can influence age perception and lead to estimates that are systematically wrong.
The use of digital film reels is becoming increasingly common in the movie industry, with digital cinema packages (DCPs) replacing analog film. The easyDCP Creator software makes creating these digital film packages easier, allowing for simple and clear operation without full expertise on ISO standards.
The new Keck website demonstrates advances in digital mapping by providing a customizable interface for users to access various data sets. The site combines ArcGIS Server and Google maps, offering an intuitive way to access data, and is significantly faster than comparable searches, returning results five to six times faster.
Researchers developed a reversible watermarking system to verify the authenticity of digital images without modifying them. The system uses a Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) to embed and extract watermark bits, allowing for lossless data integrity verification.
The ONOM@TOPIC project developed advanced prototypes for new-generation e-ID cards and SIM devices, utilizing Near Field Technology to enable wireless data exchange. These innovations led to the creation of a global standard, IAS-ECC, now used in various European e-government programs.
Experts will present on techniques using digital technology to separate conjoined twins, develop facial prostheses, and analyze anthropologic specimens. The symposium aims to enhance outcomes through the use of digital tools, such as radiographic data and tactile medical modeling.
The Fraunhofer Institute developed FlashFind to enable swift, intuitive full-text search on mobile devices for large datasets. Users can quickly locate streets, cities, and points of interest without network access or limited keyboards.
A new study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that digital mammography significantly lowers radiation doses (22%) compared to conventional film mammography. This reduction could be greater for women with larger and denser breasts, leading to improved cancer detection rates.
A digital checklist system can reduce fatigue in emergency drug administration during pandemics, according to a study. The use of personal digital assistants also shows promise in improving efficiency and accuracy in medication distribution.
The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center is part of a major digital data initiative to improve access to Earth's biota and environment data. Dozens of institutions partner to provide secure, permanent access to biological and earth sciences data.
Gordon is a powerful supercomputer that will use flash memory to speed solutions to critical science and societal problems overwhelmed by the growing amount of data generated by digital devices. The system will feature 245 teraflops of compute power, 256 TB of flash memory, and four petabytes of disk storage.
Robert Street has been recognized by the American Institute of Physics (AIP) with a $10,000 Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics. He developed flat-panel digital X-ray detectors, which have replaced traditional film X-ray machines in many medical applications.
Vanderbilt University astronomers participate in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) to measure the distance of galaxies and quasars. The team uses 400 simulated universes to test data analysis methods and interpret BOSS's measurements of dark energy.
Researchers developed prediction models to identify eroded waterways from digital terrain information, enabling the placement of grassed waterways and reducing soil erosion. These models accurately identified potential locations of erosion-prone areas, corresponding well with actual field observations.
BioVault uses biometric data to create a secret key for encryption, resolving the asymmetry issue in traditional biometric systems. The system authenticates users directly with biometrics, providing irrevocable identification and authentication.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a new ultra-dense memory chip that can store up to one trillion bits per square inch and retain data for over a billion years. The chip uses a crystalline iron nanoparticle shuttle enclosed within a multiwalled carbon nanotube.
Researchers analyzed nearly 60 terabytes of data from EverQuest II, a fantasy massive multiplayer online role-playing game, to study social network configurations. They found that players tend to stick close to home, forming groups with people they already know, and women are often the most dedicated and satisfied players.
A blue ribbon task force has issued its interim report, highlighting the need for sustainable economic models to provide access to growing amounts of digital information. The report identifies systemic challenges, including inadequate funding models, confusion among stakeholders, and a lack of incentives for collaboration.
A researcher used digital photography to digitize 2,500 documents, saving $15,000 on photocopying costs. He catalogued and studied the collection using Google's Picasa software, eliminating the need for frequent return trips to a foreign country.
The Citipix Collection, valued at over $14.3 million, is a historic snapshot of urban history in the US at the turn of the century. The collection consists of 500,000 color-stereo images taken between 1999-2002, providing clear detail up to six inches off the ground.
The University of Delaware has received $400,000 from NOAA to continue development of an ocean observing system for the Mid-Atlantic region. This funding is part of the national Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS), which aims to coordinate ocean data collection and delivery for various applications such as storm forecasting and em...
Computer scientists have developed a solution called Pergamum, which uses hard disk drives to provide energy-efficient and cost-effective long-term data storage. The system is designed to be reliable, scalable, and adaptable, making it suitable for businesses and individuals looking to preserve digital data.
A new technique developed by Dr. Eli Peli's team allows people with low vision to improve their ability to see and enjoy television with enhanced image contrast. The method, which can be easily incorporated into digital TVs and internet video, enables visually-impaired individuals to select the desired level of enhancement.
InStream Media, developed at Stevens Institute of Technology, has signed a distribution agreement with BIG Interactive to distribute its Steganographic Embedded Non-Invasive Advertising platform in Singapore. The platform uses advanced steganography for interactive and consumer-initiated advertising with instant feedback.
A new radiological diagnostic tool called stereo mammography reduces false-positive findings by 49% and missed lesions by 40%. The technology cuts the number of women recalled for additional tests in half, eliminating anxiety for patients and their loved ones.
The Million Book Project has completed the digitization of over 1.5 million books, ranging from Mark Twain to Confucius, and made them available through a single web portal. The collection includes rare and orphan books in multiple languages, with the goal of making all published works accessible worldwide.
Larry Hornbeck invented Digital Micromirror Devices (DMDs), chip technology behind HDTV, for manipulating light digitally. He received the 2007-2008 Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics from the American Institute of Physics for his pioneering work.