Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
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A new risk assessment tool, CARG-BC Score, helps oncologists make personalized treatment recommendations for elderly patients with early-stage breast cancer. The score combines eight disease and patient-reported predictors to predict the likelihood of severe chemotherapy side effects.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that reprogramming the connective tissue microenvironment of a liver cancer can inhibit its progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Blocking placental growth factor (PlGF) with antibodies reduces production of connective tissue and increases survival in mice with liver cancer.
Researchers have found that cancer cells can enter a slow-dividing state to survive chemotherapy, similar to an embryonic survival program in mammals. Targeting these sleeping cells with novel therapies may prevent cancer regrowth and overcome drug resistance.
Researchers found that statin users were 55% less likely to be treated at the hospital for heart failure after anthracycline treatment, and 54% less likely with trastuzumab treatment. Statins may be a potential intervention for preventing heart failure in patients receiving chemotherapy.
A new UCL study found that combining heat treatment with chemotherapy delivered via magnetic nanoparticles killed cancer cells more effectively than chemotherapy alone. The therapy showed synergistic effects, enhancing the effectiveness of both treatments when combined. Heat treatment can reduce side effects by targeting only cancer ce...
A new study from the University of East Anglia estimates that breast cancer chemotherapy in the UK results in over £248 million in annual costs. These costs include lost productivity and personal expenses such as wigs and medication. Better targeting of treatment could help reduce these unnecessary costs.
A novel virtual screening strategy identified pralatrexate as a promising treatment for Covid-19. Lab experiments showed that the chemotherapy medication inhibited viral replication more effectively than remdesivir.
A University of Cincinnati study found that remdesivir permanently stops the activity of an enzyme needed for medication breakdown, increasing toxicity with certain heart and anticancer drugs. The researcher recommends using remdesivir with caution in patients with specific enzymes and in proper dosages.
A team of researchers has identified a protein called RFWD3 that plays a critical role in recruiting DNA repair and signaling factors. The discovery could lead to new methods to inhibit these repair processes, making chemotherapy more efficient and reducing side effects.
Researchers found a drug used to treat pulmonary hypertension significantly reduced tumor cell migration and invasion, and showed promise in slowing breast cancer progression. The study aims to conduct clinical trials with patients undergoing chemotherapy to further investigate the treatment's effectiveness.
Researchers developed a new model to predict kidney function in cancer patients, enabling more accurate chemotherapy dosing and minimizing harm. The model takes into account various factors like age, gender, and body mass index, providing clinicians with a valuable tool for guiding treatment decisions.
Researchers found that adding an immune checkpoint inhibitor to standard chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer does not decrease their ability to perform daily activities. The study, based on data from the IMpassion031 trial, showed increased response rates and no significant impact on quality of life.
A new clinical trial suggests that postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer and a low recurrence score of 25 or lower may safely avoid chemotherapy. In contrast, premenopausal patients who receive chemotherapy show improved invasive disease-free survival and overall survival rates.
A clinical trial found that postmenopausal women with low-risk breast cancer can forego chemotherapy without compromising their treatment outcomes. In contrast, premenopausal women with the same disease characteristics benefit from chemotherapy, suggesting a potential age-related difference in treatment effectiveness.
A new cancer therapy approach combines gemcitabine chemotherapy with celecoxib, an anti-inflammatory medication, to activate the immune system and fight cancer. The combination has shown potential in improving the percentage of patients who respond to immunotherapy drugs.
The study showed that the combination of chemotherapy and blinatumomab resulted in increased survival rates and achieved a high rate of MRD negativity for patients with Ph-negative B-cell ALL. This treatment approach has the potential to improve long-term outcomes for these patients.
The combination of venetoclax with chemotherapy improves outcomes for patients with AML and MDS, with a promising overall response rate and acceptable safety profile. Venetoclax also demonstrates efficacy in treating high-risk MDS when combined with azacitidine.
Australian researchers discovered a protein that protects kidney cells from 'bystander' damage caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The study found that inhibiting BCL-XL could safely use in laboratory models alone or with other cancer therapies to prevent kidney damage, a common side effect of cancer treatments.
Researchers designed DNA-based nanogels that break down and release chemotherapeutic contents only in cancer cells. The nanogels use biomarkers like FEN1 to differentiate between healthy and cancerous cells, reducing the impact on normal cells.
A new biomaterial-based cancer vaccine has shown promise in treating aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in mice, with 100% survival rate after a subsequent injection of cancer cells. The vaccine combines chemotherapy and immunotherapy to generate a sustained anti-cancer response.
A recent study found that healthcare utilization declined by 23% in March and 52% in April, with diagnostic procedures like mammograms and colonoscopies dropping by over 65%. The switch to telemedicine created disparities among lower-income and non-white patients, who had lower rates of telehealth use.
Researchers found that administering immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy earlier in the course of disease can slow cancer progression. Combining the therapies also kills myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which appear to overpower immunotherapies, thereby improving response rates.
A research team at POSTECH developed a machine learning technique that uses transcriptome information from artificial organoids to predict anti-cancer drug response. This method increases predictive accuracy by selecting only relevant biomarkers, which was previously limited by false signals in conventional machine learning.
HSE Faculty of Chemistry scientists discovered a new anti-cancer molecule, diphenylisoxazole, which is easily synthesized using available compounds. The molecule inhibits tubulin polymerization and shows effectiveness on both sea urchin embryos and human cancer cells.
A new study reveals racial and socioeconomic disparities in treating patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Black patients are less likely to receive chemotherapy compared to white patients, despite improved survival rates. Insurance status and education level also impact treatment and survival outcomes.
An agent-based computer model shows that delayed implementation of social distancing measures and low adherence can increase COVID-19 cases in urban areas. Maintaining personal behaviors like face mask use after easing social distancing measures also has a significant impact.
Scientists created more sensitive optogenetic tools to investigate cell signaling pathways in cancer and neuropathic pain. The new tools revealed how chemotherapy drugs disrupt signaling, enabling the development of targeted therapeutic compounds.
A Purdue University scientist is working on a technique that uses LED light to determine if certain chemotherapy options will work for specific patients. The method, which was published in Scientific Reports, shows promise for improving personalized medicine and reducing side effects.
Researchers have developed a new cancer-specific anticancer drug that can prevent drug resistance and reduce side effects. The drug is designed to release an anticancer agent along with a drug-resistance inhibitor in cancer cells, effectively treating cancers without recurrence or treatment failure.
A new study suggests that gut bacteria are partially responsible for metabolic changes leading to weight gain in women after chemotherapy treatment. The research found that the pre-treatment microbiome of patients who gained weight was different from those who did not, and fecal transplantation resulted in glucose intolerance in germ-f...
Researchers developed nanoparticles that release bursts of calcium inside tumor cells, inhibiting drug pumps and reversing MDR. The treatment showed significantly smaller tumors in tumor-bearing mice with no apparent side effects.
A newly developed prodrug has been shown to selectively target and destroy glioblastoma cells, improving outcomes when combined with standard therapies. In a mouse model study, the drug extended survival by more than a factor of three and was curative in nature.
Scientists have developed a technique that quickly identifies optimal synergistic combinations of anticancer drugs, reducing tumour growth by 80% and outperforming chemotherapy. The technology, called TGMO, achieves results in under two weeks, paving the way for personalized, effective, and safe cancer treatment.
A research team from Chinese Academy of Sciences proposes an innovative immune cocktail therapy combining ICT with other approaches to enhance cancer treatment. The therapy achieves anti-tumor effects by enhancing T cell priming, killing tumor cells, and generating immune memory T cells.
Researchers have identified the cellular process by which Cisplatin chemotherapy causes neuronal damage, revealing that it induces senescence of peripheral neurons through overexpression of the p21 protein. This discovery provides new targets for neuroprotective treatments to alleviate or avoid the adverse effects of Cisplatin.
Researchers develop a nano-carrier for medications that can control release in diseased cells only. Synthetic DNA structures stabilize the particles and can be triggered by microRNA molecules found in cancer cells.
This observational study examines survival rates and chemotherapy use before surgery in US women with advanced ovarian cancer between 2004-2016. The study found improvements in treatment and survival rates over time, with more patients receiving chemotherapy before surgery.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have devised a novel approach to kill cancer cells using a nanoparticle coated with an amino acid that selectively targets and destroys cancer cells. The 'Trojan horse' nanoparticle, called Nano-pPAAM, was tested in lab experiments and found to be effective in killing cancer cells with high specificity.
A genome-wide association study has identified genetic markers associated with a higher risk of developing capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome. The study found that patients with low levels of R-cadherin and involucrin were more likely to experience severe skin symptoms.
A phase III clinical trial led by Queen Mary University of London shows that immunotherapy drug avelumab significantly improves survival in patients with the most common type of bladder cancer. Avelumab resulted in a 31% reduction in risk of death and extended median survival by over seven months.
A study found that using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) worsened survival rates and disease progression in patients with urothelial cancer treated with atezolizumab. PPI use did not affect overall survival or response to chemotherapy.
Researchers found a pattern of gut bacteria, specifically SCFAs, that may influence the effectiveness of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. These chemicals play a role in the immune system and may help patients mount an immune response against cancer cells.
Scientists have developed a new method to combat cancer by using molecular fibers that target the acidic and reactive environment of cancer cells. The approach has shown promising results in laboratory tests, with cancer cells dying within four hours.
Researchers at City of Hope found that Andrographis paniculata, a natural botanical, is effective in killing chemo-resistant colon cancer cells when used in conjunction with chemotherapy. The study's goal was to develop a non-toxic treatment that could succeed in killing cancer cells.
Researchers developed a combination treatment using gas embolization and chemotherapy, achieving tumor regression and reducing regrowth in hepatocellular carcinoma models. The method is less invasive and more precise than traditional treatments.
Researchers have used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile transcriptome-level changes in response to DNA damage across individual cancer cells. The study found three distinct groups of genes activated in response to chemotherapy, revealing new insights into why some cancer cells survive while others die.
Recent studies suggest that adding sofosbuvir and daclatasvir to standard care may reduce the duration of hospital stays for COVID-19 patients. The combination showed a lower median duration of stay and reduced mortality rates compared to standard care alone.
Researchers developed a comprehensive study on nanoprodrugs (NPDs) inside cancer cells, revealing their internalization rate, intracellular localization, and degradation. The study shows that NPDs consistently absorbed by cells as intact particles before being transported into lysosomes.
Scientists have unraveled the structure and mechanism of DNA polymerase ζ, an enzyme that replicates through daily DNA-damaging events. This discovery offers valuable insights into developing effective inhibitors to make cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy.
A new study aims to investigate how chemotherapy affects children's brain development and cognitive function, particularly sensory processing, memory, and attention. The researchers hope to develop protective interventions to prevent permanent harm from 'chemo brain'.
The combination of first-line nivolumab and ipilimumab demonstrated an improvement in overall survival compared to platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. The study showed a two-year overall survival rate of 40.8% for the treatment arm vs 27.0% for the chemotherapy arm.
The addition of sintilimab to pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, with a nearly two-fold increase observed. The overall response rate was also higher in the sintilimab-combination group compared to the placebo combination.
A new study uses patient-specific tumor organoids to identify the most effective chemotherapy protocol for treating advanced stages of colon and appendiceal cancer. The approach shows promise in tailoring treatment to individual patients, potentially increasing life expectancy.
Researchers found that chemotherapy is rarely used to treat adults with localized sarcoma, affecting only 22% of patients. Facilities performing more surgeries for sarcoma tend to use chemotherapy more frequently.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a handheld, portable device to measure ammonia levels in blood. The device, which assesses ammonia levels from a finger or earlobe prick, can report results in less than a minute and is significantly more efficient than current methods.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas have developed a new nano drug candidate that kills triple negative breast cancer cells. The discovery aims to target breast cancer cells directly, reducing adverse and toxic side effects associated with chemotherapy.
The study of Jurassic fossils from northeastern China provides evidence that ancient catkin-yew species existed during the Middle-Late Jurassic period. The fossils, which bear a striking resemblance to modern catkin-yews, demonstrate morphological stasis and are among the most completely known fossil Taxaceae.
Indian University researchers identify circulating tumor DNA and cells in plasma as indicators of disease recurrence and survival. The study, published in JAMA Oncology, enables stratification of patients for targeted therapies.
A new clinical trial has tested a cocktail of chemotherapy drugs for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, showing a median survival time of 14.5 months and a 1-year survival rate of 60.9%. The treatment strategy involves injections of paclitaxel into the abdomen and gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel into the blood.
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) shows potential for treating human diseases by selectively silencing pathological pathways. The review examines siRNA therapeutics in preclinical and clinical trials, challenges faced in siRNA therapy, and the feasibility of combining siRNA with anticancer drugs.