Articles tagged with Diabetes
A Tohoku University research group developed an AI model that estimates retinal age from a fundus photograph, reflecting biological aging and potential disease risk. The model is non-invasive and can be used as a screening aid, identifying patients who may need further health assessments.
Researchers found that women with prediabetes had persistent changes in gene expression in fat tissue after bariatric surgery, leading to impaired lipid metabolism and greater weight regain. Despite clinical improvement, these molecular alterations may reduce the ability of adipose tissue to adapt after weight loss.
A ketogenic diet has been shown to improve beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes by decreasing proinsulin secretion and reducing pancreas stress. This improvement is associated with changes in the proinsulin-C-peptide ratio, a biomarker of pancreas stress.
A new study from Aarhus University reveals that weight-loss drugs containing GLP-1 hormone may influence joint inflammation in arthritis patients. The study found that high doses of GLP-1 in medication could have a dual effect, both through weight loss and by increasing levels in the joints.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have created a new method to produce insulin-producing cells from human stem cells, effectively regulating blood sugar levels in laboratory tests and reversing diabetes in mice. The optimized production process yields more mature and purer cells, demonstrating their potential for future treatments.
A recent study from The Jackson Laboratory has identified dozens of unexpected genes strongly linked to type 2 diabetes. These genes are key to cell death and vitamin A metabolism, suggesting the disease depends on expression changes that can be targeted for treatment.
A study by the University of Turku reveals that assistance dogs actively contribute to their human's care through continuous interpretation and trust. They anticipate health status, provide mobility assistance, and offer emotional support in ways that humans cannot.
The study reveals that metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is emerging as a major contributor to liver cancer worldwide and in China. Researchers call for integrated global prevention and early detection strategies to address this growing burden.
Researchers develop dynamics-driven models to identify disease transitions before symptoms appear, transforming real-time care and personalized treatment. AI systems analyze health data to detect
The clinical guideline emphasizes personalized care, recommending pre-exercise cardiovascular risk assessment and individualized exercise prescriptions. Adults with T2D are advised to engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, or a combination of aerobic and resistance training.
Scientists have identified two non-coding genes as the cause of autoimmune neonatal diabetes in 19 children. The discovery sheds light on the importance of non-protein coding genes and their role in human disease.
A recent study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that a Food is Medicine and food literacy education program improved food-related knowledge and practical skills among rural, uninsured adults with type 2 diabetes. The Fresh Start FIM + Food Literacy intervention showed significant overall improvements i...
A new study by Lund University researchers found that genetic risk scores can predict coronary artery disease even before diabetes onset. The study identifies a group at high risk of developing both conditions, offering potential for early detection and prevention.
A $35 monthly insulin out-of-pocket cap is associated with significantly lower insulin costs, increased access to insulin, and decreased blood glucose levels among Medicare beneficiaries. This finding suggests that federal cost-sharing policies could improve access to essential medications in diabetes.
A recent study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that women with diabetes are less likely to receive recommended preventive care services such as conception counseling and breast/cervical cancer screening. This oversight puts them at risk for preventable medical conditions like pregnancy complications.
Researchers found a clear connection between oral health and kidney health, with immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation driving the relationship. The study highlights the need for physicians to integrate oral and renal health into clinical care systems.
Researchers found a 38% higher risk of diabetes in adults with HIV who switched from protease inhibitors to integrase inhibitors. The study suggests that medication changes may have adverse metabolic impacts, warranting close monitoring, regardless of weight gain.
A clinical trial found that intensive cholesterol-lowering therapy reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by 31% in high-risk patients with diabetes. The treatment, evolocumab, lowered LDL-C levels by approximately 60%, and was well-tolerated.
A post hoc analysis found that tirzepatide was associated with a lower incidence of a broad composite cardiovascular and kidney endpoint. The study compared tirzepatide with dulaglutide in patients with diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.
In high-risk patients without known significant atherosclerosis and with diabetes, evolocumab significantly reduced the risk of a first major cardiovascular event. The study found that evolocumab was effective in preventing cardiovascular events in these patient populations.
The study developed a novel multi-task deep LASSO algorithm that identified six core clinical indicators, establishing four stable MASLD subtypes with distinct characteristics. The classification system enables targeted interventions, prioritizing fibrosis screening and aggressive cardiorenal protection for specific subgroups.
MIT researchers create an implantable device containing insulin-producing cells that survive in the body for at least 90 days, producing enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. The device's improved oxygen generator and electronics enable longer cell lifespan and increased insulin production.
The Endocrine Society supports the INSULIN Act to address insulin affordability, setting a $35 monthly cap for people with private insurance and creating a program for uninsured individuals. The bill aims to reduce insulin prices by encouraging competition in the market.
A large study using simulated clinical trial analysis based on medical records found that GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events and end-stage kidney disease in type 1 diabetes patients. The study, led by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, showed significant risk reductions without in...
A landmark trial is underway to test new treatments that restore the body's natural warning signs for low blood glucose in people with type 1 diabetes. The CLEAR trial compares innovative treatments, including an artificial pancreas system and bespoke psychoeducational programs, to find the most effective way to prevent severe episodes.
A recent study found that B-type natriuretic peptide is independently associated with chronic kidney disease progression in individuals with diabetes. Combining BNP with urinary markers such as UACR improves risk prediction, highlighting its potential role in early detection and management of kidney disease.
A new algorithm paired with a continuous glucose monitor can help users better manage their type 2 diabetes by recommending insulin-dose adjustments. Participants who used the algorithm saw significant improvements in time spent in a safe blood-sugar range.
A study by King's College London found that night shift workers with type 2 diabetes face challenges in maintaining a healthy diet and managing their condition. The research revealed limited access to nutritious food options during night shifts, leading to poorer quality nutrition and greater variability in glucose levels.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics finds that children with obesity but without metabolic complications still face a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and abnormal blood lipid levels later in life. Treatment can greatly benefit these children, reducing the risk of future diseases.
A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the eMERGE network found that sharing genetic disease risk information with patients can be done responsibly, with a 70% success rate. The team shared results with over 24,000 people using various methods, including one-to-one conversations for those with higher-risk findings.
A study found that inflammation markers may signal depression in women with type 2 diabetes, but vary based on depression symptoms and measures. The research suggests a path toward precision mental health by identifying specific inflammatory biomarkers linked to different dimensions of mental health.
A study identified metabolic subgroups in diabetes-free Chinese adults to predict 3-year risk of developing diabetes and related complications. The low-risk subgroup had favorable metabolic profiles, while the high-risk subgroup showed poor glycemic control and increased risks of fatty liver disease and cardiovascular events.
Researchers analyzed electronic health records from over 39,000 adults with diabetes, finding that those who lost insurance had poorer blood sugar control and needed more intensive medications. The study suggests that coverage gaps pose a direct threat to health, particularly for low-income patients.
A case-control study found that insurance churn is associated with poorer diabetes management, increased insulin use, and acute complications. Continuous insurance coverage for low-income diabetic patients may lower risk of costly preventable complications.
Regular morning exercise is associated with lower rates of coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and obesity compared to later-day exercise. Morning exercise timing may be an underappreciated aspect of cardiometabolic health.
A large study finds that Medicare Part D beneficiaries saw a substantial decrease in out-of-pocket insulin costs following the implementation of a $35 cap. The percentage of patients paying $35 or less increased from 48% to 75%, and mean costs dropped from $50.87 to $21.98 between 2019 and 2023.
A concerning rise in adolescent obesity has been found, with overall rates climbing to 15.9% in 2023. Obesity patterns also reveal a decline in weight-loss attempts, with females more likely to attempt weight loss but fewer adolescents reporting efforts in 2023.
This study reveals the regulatory role of BCAT2-mediated BCAA catabolism in VSMCs and its impact on intraplaque calcification in diabetic atherosclerosis. BCAT2 deficiency attenuates vascular calcification severity, decreases calcium salt deposition, and suppresses osteogenic phenotypic transition of VSMCs.
EDENT1FI has screened 100,000 children across Europe for early-stage type 1 diabetes, using standardized screening programs and harmonized data collection. The initiative aims to empower families to manage life with type 1 diabetes effectively and support children and adolescents with early-stage detection.
A mouse study found that a father's nicotine exposure can affect his offspring's ability to process sugar, potentially contributing to diabetes risk. The study's findings suggest that tobacco use in men may be linked to an increased risk of their descendants developing diabetes.
A Cleveland Clinic analysis of nearly 8,000 patients found that discontinuing semaglutide and tirzepatide does not lead to significant weight regain in clinical practice. Many patients successfully stabilized their weight after one year through alternative treatments and therapeutic lifestyle interventions.
Researchers at Kyoto University developed a PET tracer to quantify beta cell mass in type 1 diabetes patients, revealing lower uptake in those with the disease. This measurement was inversely related to hemoglobin A1c and total daily insulin dose, suggesting its potential as a noninvasive readout of residual beta cell mass.
A $3.4 million NIH grant will fund a semi-automated feedback system to support people tracking diet, exercise, and weight in weight-management programs. The system aims to provide personalized feedback to increase tracking and weight loss success.
Patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases who used GLP-1 receptor agonists showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. The use of these medications was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, and lowered oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
A large cohort study found that fewer than 1 in 4 adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes remained on GLP-1RA treatment after 12 months. Treatment switching between GLP-1RA agents was common, reflecting active therapy management and the emergence of new formulations and weight management agents.
Salk Institute researchers identified Med14, a protein connected to GLP-1 drug effects on pancreatic beta cells, leading to improved viability, insulin production, and stress resistance. The study suggests a potential molecular link between GLP-1 drugs and broader benefits, including type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes.
Researchers demonstrate that genetically engineered human pluripotent stem cells can overcome immune rejection in mice, surviving for five months with humanized immune systems. The findings provide proof-of-principle for a potential universal donor hPSC line designed to resist immune attack.
A novel plant-based approach uses lettuce chloroplasts to produce functional GLP-1 peptides, paving the way for more affordable and better-tolerated oral medications. This method bypasses hurdles such as manufacturing cost, delivery system, and side effects associated with conventional approaches.
Researchers found that specific gut bacteria can sense diet and translate information into signals that tell fat cells to burn energy. A low-protein diet activated precise gut microbes that promote beige fat production, leading to improved glucose control and lower cholesterol levels.
A new study by King's College London found that over 35% of patients without reported diabetes had high blood sugar levels consistent with pre-diabetes. The research uses a simple finger-prick blood test to screen for the condition, which can be done during dental appointments in as little as six minutes.
A Pennington Biomedical researcher published an editorial on the benefits of fruit intake for vascular health, citing a study on increasing fruit intake with avocados and mangos. The findings suggest that diets rich in fruits can improve nutrient status and health outcomes, aligning with the goals of the Food Is Medicine initiative.
A new study finds that a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist, Exendin-4-Phe (Ex-Phe-1), preserves glycemic control while reducing malaise and vomiting behaviors in preclinical models. The compound uses biased agonism to selectively activate certain signaling pathways, achieving desired effects without triggering others.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Department of Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System found that using GLP-1 receptor agonists in combination with adhering to healthy lifestyle habits significantly reduces cardiovascular risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study showed that these two stra...
A ketogenic diet reduced high blood sugar and improved aerobic capacity in mice with hyperglycemia. The diet caused remodeling of their muscles, making them more oxidative and reactive to aerobic exercise. Researchers believe that combining the keto diet with exercise may be key to achieving optimal health benefits.
A survey of 1,998 US adolescents aged 10-19 found nearly 1 in 3 have diabetes or prediabetes. Waist-to-height ratio emerged as the strongest independent predictor of these conditions.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement projects that nearly 6 in 10 US women will have some type of cardiovascular disease by 2050, driven by rising rates in high blood pressure and other health factors. The economic burden is expected to be at least $200 billion annually.
A new study published in Science Advances has shed light on how the body responds to energy demands from exercise, identifying a crucial cell signaling mechanism that could lead to a new treatment for diabetes. The research focuses on Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK), a regulator of energy production, and reveals...
A new study found that adding one avocado and a cup of mango to daily meals and snacks for eight weeks improved vascular function among adults with prediabetes, while also reducing diastolic blood pressure. The Avocado-Mango diet showed significant increases in flow-mediated dilation and nutrient-dense nutrients without changes in calo...
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discovered that red blood cells act as glucose sponges in low-oxygen conditions, explaining why people living at high altitude have lower diabetes rates. This adaptation fuels efficient oxygen delivery to tissues while lowering blood sugar levels.
The ESE and ESPE have launched a landmark Joint Clinical Practice Guidance to support structured and effective transition of young people with endocrine conditions. The Guidance provides practical, evidence-based recommendations to ensure continuity, safety and quality of care during this critical phase in a patient's life.