Articles tagged with Cytokine Storm
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Salk Institute scientists discover that dietary supplementation of the amino acid methionine protects infected mice against inflammation-related wasting, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and death. Methionine boosts kidney filtration, reducing circulating cytokine levels and improving disease outcomes.
Researchers at USC's Keck School of Medicine have developed a new type of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell that elicits a more controlled immune response to cancer. The engineered CAR T cells may offer a way to more safely treat blood cancers and reduce the chance of relapse.
Researchers use microchips with human tissue to study brain damage caused by sepsis and neurodegenerative diseases, finding that the blood-brain barrier breaks down under stress. The technology also reveals how pericytes support the barrier and may lead to new treatments for preserving or introducing these cells.
Researchers discover iguratimod, a rheumatoid arthritis drug, effectively treats excessive COVID-19 inflammation in mice by maintaining antiviral immune responses. The study provides hope for patients with severe COVID-19-related cytokine storms.
Researchers used AI to find adalimumab as potential treatment for iMCD, a rare disease with poor survival rate and few treatment options. The treatment has shown promising results in saving the life of a patient who was on hospice care.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 disrupts mitochondrial reactions, leading to immune sensor activation and a cytokine storm, which triggers multiple organ-damaging events. Autopsy samples revealed extensive inflammation and organ damage in organs such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys.
Scientists at Salk Institute discover a molecular mechanism that helps macrophages mount a coordinated response tailored to a specific immune challenge. The discovery reveals new immune system mechanisms that could be targeted with therapeutics to regulate inflammation.
A USC study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 causes a stage of mild symptoms followed by severe inflammation in some patients. The virus exploits two different pathways to interact with immune cells, one leading to inflammation and the other preventing it.
Researchers investigated the mechanism of 2′, 5′-Dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP) in cytokine storm and found it inhibits inflammatory factors and increases Hdac1 protein stability, alleviating symptoms.
This study investigates Schisanhenol's potential to treat cytokine storm by inhibiting inflammatory responses and alleviating acute lung injury. Network pharmacology analysis reveals multiple mechanisms of action.
Researchers from Osaka University have discovered a novel treatment strategy for cytokine storm, a serious inflammatory syndrome triggered by an infection or severe burn. The new approach involves blocking IL-6 receptor signaling with a short-term antibody, minimizing treatment side effects and preventing vascular damage.
A new study from Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center suggests that prophylactic treatment can significantly reduce the rate of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in multiple myeloma patients. This approach could eliminate hospital stays and broaden access to immunotherapy treatments for more cancer patients.
Researchers discovered a cell signaling pathway that allows effector memory T cells to drive innate cytokine storms in autoimmune diseases. Targeting the STING pathway may prevent inflammation chain reactions, offering new hope for treating conditions like type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers at EMBL Grenoble have obtained the first structure of p38α being activated by MKK6, opening up new directions for developing drugs to stop cytokine storms. The inflammatory response is triggered by a series of kinases, and inactivating p38α could prevent inflammation from occurring.
Researchers found that expression of CiDRE in alveolar macrophages makes patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 invasion and promotes cytokine storm. The genetic quirk is associated with severe COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting potential treatments targeting IL-10R and CiDRE.
A groundbreaking study has uncovered potential treatments for inflammatory disorders by targeting specific receptors involved in the immune response. Researchers created mimetic peptides that successfully reduced inflammation in human immune cells and provided significant protection against toxic shock in mice.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that apple-shaped obesity is associated with cytokine storm and a higher risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The study suggests that obese patients with excess belly fat may benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies, including IL-6 blockers.
A new immunotherapy treatment developed by UCF researchers uses targeted IL-2 to fight respiratory viral infections with improved outcomes in animal studies. The treatment promotes an antiviral inflammatory response and reduces bronchial inflammation.
Nearly half of COVID-19 patients develop secondary bacterial pneumonia, which can lead to death. Machine learning analysis found that this complication offsets the mortality rate from the viral infection itself.
Researchers found that dexamethasone prevents cytokine storms in severe COVID-19 patients by inhibiting ion channels and reducing immune cell inflammation. This led to improved lung function and reduced mortality rates. The study's findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of steroid treatment in severe COVID-19.
Researchers identified a new mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 induces inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patient lungs, leading to 'cytokine storm' and lasting tissue damage. The discovery highlights the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in triggering this response.
Researchers found significantly higher levels of MMP-2 and MMP-8 in tracheal aspirate samples from COVID-19 patients, contributing to inflammation and tissue damage. The study's findings suggest a novel mechanism underlying severe lung complications and potential new therapeutic targets.
Researchers have identified potential anti-inflammatory compounds to combat the cytokine storm, a key factor in severe COVID-19 cases. The study found that glucocorticoids and MEK protein inhibitors may be effective in reducing mortality, while female hormones could also play a role.
Researchers at UC Davis Health developed a new treatment that simultaneously blocks IL-6 and TNF cytokines, providing superior protection against acute graft-versus-host-disease severity and mortality. The dual-cytokine blockade approach did not impair beneficial graft-versus-tumor effects.
A novel approach may reduce the serious adverse effect of cytokine release syndrome associated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Supressing interferon gamma (IFNγ) appears to prevent activation of macrophages and other immune cells that drive the syndrome without impacting CAR T-cell efficacy.
A new precision medicine test has been developed using blood proteins to identify patients with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) most likely to respond to siltuximab. The study also reveals Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors as a promising alternative treatment option for those who do not respond to siltuximab.
A University of California, San Diego study uses AI to analyze gene expression patterns associated with pandemic viral infections. The analysis reveals two telltale signatures that help define patients' immune responses and measure disease severity. These findings provide a map for predicting patient outcomes and testing therapies.
A new study in Arthritis & Rheumatology identifies specific blood markers to distinguish excessive COVID-19 inflammation from cytokine storm syndromes. This finding has significant implications for treating critically ill patients with COVID-19.
New methods to detect doping compounds in urine samples using ion mobility-mass spectrometry will help regulatory agencies track existing dopants and future 'designer' compounds. Baltic amber's therapeutic effects have been pinpointed, potentially leading to new medicines for antibiotic-resistant infections. Scientists also report a wa...
A new sweat sensor can detect elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with respiratory infections, including COVID-19. The device measures tiny amounts of passive sweat to track cytokine levels, potentially reducing hospitalizations and deaths.
Research suggests vitamin B6 may lower the odds of patients becoming seriously ill with COVID-19 by suppressing inflammation. Vitamin B6 has anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammation properties, which could help reduce cytokine storms and blood clots linked to the virus.
Galectin-1, a sugar-binding protein, may fuel inflammation and worsen sepsis in patients at risk. Researchers found elevated levels of galectin-1 in sepsis patients and suggest it as a potential biomarker for identifying those at risk.
A new study finds that most hospitalized COVID-19 patients do not have a 'cytokine storm', which was previously thought to be the cause of respiratory failure, but rather moderate inflammation. The researchers suggest that anti-inflammatory medications may benefit only a fraction of patients with severe disease.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Washington University found that most adults with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 have a suppressed viral immune response, unlike flu patients. Steroids like dexamethasone are only effective in a small subset of patients with life-threatening hyperinflammation.
Temple researchers developed and validated predictive criteria to identify COVID-19 patients at risk of developing a cytokine storm, which can lead to life-threatening organ damage. The six criteria relate to inflammation, cell death, tissue damage, and electrolyte imbalance, and were validated in two cohorts of patients.
Macrophage activation syndrome plays a key role in COVID-19's cytokine storm, which causes systemic hyperinflammation. Researchers found that therapies targeting IL-6 and TNFα show promise in reducing severity of the disease.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center measured cytokines in COVID-19 patients and found significantly lower levels compared to patients with septic shock and ARDS. This challenges the concept of a COVID-19 cytokine storm, potentially impacting treatment strategies.
A study published in PNAS identified an overlap between cytokine release syndrome and COVID-19, finding that IL-6 signaling blockade can alleviate symptoms of both conditions. By treating severe COVID-19 patients with a human monoclonal antibody-based drug called Actemra, PAI-1 levels rapidly declined and disease symptoms were alleviated.
Researchers identified HDAC3 as orchestrator of immune system's inflammation response to infection, with both triggering and reducing inflammation. The study highlights the need to target non-enzymatic functions of HDAC3 instead of its enzyme activity to mitigate lethal outcomes.
A recent editorial explores the connection between COVID-19 and a cytokine storm, which is an overactive immune response. The study suggests that this phenomenon may play a significant role in the severity of COVID-19 cases.
Researchers found similarities between COVID-19 deaths and severe rheumatic illnesses, suggesting that treatments boosting immune-regulating NK cells may help. Regular exercise is also recommended to enhance NK cell activity in non-infected individuals.
A new clinical trial is testing an alpha blocker treatment to prevent severe COVID-19 symptoms by targeting the body's overactive immune response. The trial aims to lower ICU admission rates and ventilator use in patients with COVID-19, offering a secondary form of prevention until vaccines are available.
Researchers propose a molecular mechanism that causes COVID-19's most destructive complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), through a massive release of proinflammatory cytokines triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus's entry into human cells via ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2 enzyme.
Castleman Disease patients experience a cytokine storm that can cause fever, organ failure, and death. Researchers identified Type-I Interferons as highly active during flares and the JAK pathway as a critical mediator of the immune system's hyper-response.
A team of MIT researchers has developed specialized proteins that can soak up excess cytokines, alleviating symptoms from coronavirus infection. The proteins, designed to mimic cytokine receptors, have shown promise in laboratory tests and are now being tested in human cells and animal models.
Scientists at WashU Medicine have found a set of genes that help cells survive exposure to cytokines, which can trigger a deadly cytokine storm. Targeting these genes may lead to new treatments for sepsis, a life-threatening condition that claims 15% of patients despite prompt medical care.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center identified potential biomarkers and created algorithms to identify patients at risk of severe side effects from CAR T-cell therapy. The studies found that most patients with these toxicities experienced reversible or no harm, but severe cases were associated with endothelial cell activation.
Scientists have discovered that the Ebola virus directly interacts with T-cells and specifically Tim-1, triggering a cytokine storm. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of Ebola infection and offers potential targets for therapeutic strategies to reduce the severity of the disease.
A clinical trial found that Verapamil therapy improved symptoms in patients with CRS and nasal polyps, representing a promising novel therapy for the disease. The treatment's effectiveness was limited among patients with higher body mass indices.
Researchers found that both dose and infusion regimen are crucial to maximize response and safety for CAR T cells. Optimal doses and regimens showed high complete remission rates, with no treatment-related deaths in some cases.
Researchers found that a bitter taste receptor and genetic variations can predict surgical outcomes in certain CRS patients. Patients with the sensitive PAV variant tend to have better post-surgical improvement and may benefit from more aggressive approaches.
The latest trial results show a response rate of over 90% among pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, with complete responses in 92% and remission rates of 70%. The therapy also demonstrates promise for non-Hodgkin lymphomas, including a 100% response rate in follicular lymphoma patients.
Researchers found that SOCS4 suppresses the immune system's runaway reaction to flu infection, reducing the risk of cytokine storms and related deaths. The discovery provides a potential means of minimizing the impact of flu pandemics.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute have mapped the severe immune overreaction known as a cytokine storm in flu virus infections. The study found that a potent new class of anti-inflammatory compounds can quiet this reaction, allowing infected hosts to mount an effective immune response.
A new study reveals that endothelial cells release cytokines in response to flu infection, rather than virus-infected cells. This finding opens the door for a new type of flu therapy targeting these immune responses.
Researchers identified a specific receptor-based mechanism that triggers cytokine storms, leading to severe lung damage and organ failure. The discovery opens new possibilities for treating this condition with targeted therapies.
Research suggests that the new swine flu virus may induce a cytokine storm in otherwise healthy adults, causing fatal damage to lungs. Historical evidence also supports the possibility of severe infection and poor outcomes in young, healthy individuals.
Researchers will investigate the mechanisms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a debilitating airway disease affecting millions worldwide. They aim to identify specific fungal antigens contributing to the pathology and develop novel treatments.