Articles tagged with Internal Medicine
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study found that combining mandatory mask-wearing policies with extensive social distancing can prevent most COVID-19 cases on college campuses, with routine testing also showing high effectiveness. However, the cost of testing may be a barrier for some colleges and universities.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that pulse oximeter readings may be less accurate in Black patients than in White patients, leading to potential mismanagement of treatment. The findings suggest that device makers may need to make changes to ensure accurate readings for all patients.
A systematic review published in Annals of Internal Medicine confirms health disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among Black and Hispanic populations, attributing the disparity to increased risk of exposure and transmission. The study highlights the need for targeted efforts to reduce exposure to the virus in vulnerable populations.
A systematic review of COVID-19 data in the US reveals disproportionately higher rates of infection and mortality among African American/Black and Hispanic populations. The authors call for urgent interventions to mitigate these disparities. Read the full text to learn more about the findings.
The study found that adults in states voting for Hillary Clinton experienced 54.6 million more days of poor mental health, compared to Trump-voting states, with increases observed in older adults, women, and white individuals. Depression rates also rose in Clinton-voting states after the election.
An agent-based computer model shows that delayed implementation of social distancing measures and low adherence can increase COVID-19 cases in urban areas. Maintaining personal behaviors like face mask use after easing social distancing measures also has a significant impact.
Industry, government, and academic researchers propose general clinical endpoints to facilitate evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. These endpoints include asymptomatic infection as a study endpoint.
Two new UT Southwestern studies report that only half of practicing physicians are registered to vote, with time being the most common barrier faced by resident physicians. The researchers say finding ways to increase voter participation among doctors is critical as the nation tackles healthcare issues.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) and Annals of Internal Medicine hosted a virtual forum on October 16, assembling leading health experts to discuss timely information related to COVID-19 vaccines. Panelists offered current evidence-based insights into vaccine science, approval processes, and clinical recommendations.
Researchers found that 12.1% of cases received out-of-network claims, often due to out-of-network anesthesiologists and pathologists. The study suggests partnering with in-network providers and considering cost-saving strategies to spare patients surprise bills.
A study by University of Chicago Medicine found that medical scribes can increase physician productivity by up to 20%, allowing for more time to focus on patients. The initial cost of employing a scribe can be recovered in less than a year, after which profits follow.
A randomized controlled trial found that early referral to physical therapy significantly improved function and reduced symptoms of back pain with sciatica compared to usual care. Patients who received physical therapy immediately after their primary care visit reported less disability than those who took the wait-and-see approach.
The National Institutes of Health COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel has expressed uncertainty about the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma for treating COVID-19. The panel's analysis, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, highlights the need for more data before making recommendations on the treatment.
Researchers found that glucocorticoid therapy, even at low doses (5mg/day or less), significantly increases the risk of serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The study used claims data from over 200,000 patients with RA to show a 30% increase in infection risk among those on low-dose glucocorticoids.
Researchers found that COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets or aerosols, not surfaces. Social distance and proper ventilation are crucial in reducing transmission risk. Novel community isolation quarantine facilities can effectively manage COVID-19 without serious adverse outcomes.
A new study reveals the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on working-age adults in the US, particularly those from low-income backgrounds, racial/ethnic minorities, and those with less education. The analysis found that these individuals had high rates of uninsurance and food insecurity, which can exacerbate health harm.
Researchers found that prophylactic treatment with direct-acting antivirals prevented chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients receiving kidneys from HCV-positive deceased donors. The approach has potential to shorten waiting times on the organ waitlist.
A large population-based study found that acute cardiovascular events are common among adults hospitalized with influenza, with older age and underlying cardiovascular disease significantly increasing the risk. Vaccination is crucial for these patients, particularly those with cardiovascular risk factors, to prevent such complications.
A new article by Dr. Ahmad Mourad explores how 'remote misses' in COVID-19 can create a false sense of invulnerability and security, potentially leading to increased risk. This phenomenon is linked to population-wide traumatic experiences and adaptive behavior.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that a substantial number of overdose deaths were misclassified as sudden cardiac deaths, leading to grossly underestimated national estimates of the opioid overdose burden. Meanwhile, another study provides real-world recommendations for overcoming telemedicine challenges with...
A survey study evaluated the curriculum on health disparities and perceptions of training among internal medicine residents. The findings suggest that program directors and residents have differing perspectives on the adequacy of training, highlighting a need for improvement.
A new analysis of the CANTOS trial found that patients receiving canakinumab had significantly lower rates of total hip or total knee replacements over an average follow-up of 3.7 years. The study's findings are important as no treatments currently exist to prevent or slow osteoarthritis progression.
A comprehensive review of vaccine data over 20 years found vaccines to be remarkably safe, with most safety issues identified through existing postmarketing surveillance programs. The study confirms the effectiveness of the vaccine approval system and postmarketing surveillance in ensuring public health benefits while minimizing risks.
A surgeon demonstrated telesurgery using robotic technology and a 5G network, performing remote operations on a cadaver patient from 15 km away. This was the first public demonstration of remote surgery over 5G. Researchers also explored albumin-creatinine ratio for CKD screening, staging, and prognosis.
A commentary from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center reviews basic respiratory physiology and highlights the clinician's role in educating the public against relying on speech as a sign of adequate respiration. Data from studies of war and torture victims show that suffocation is a strong predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Authors describe timely and targeted actions to prevent mental health crisis in overextended and stressed essential workers, citing Lorna Breen's tragic loss as a catalyst. The article emphasizes the need for clinicians to prioritize their well-being during the pandemic.
Researchers in Ontario, Canada, found that physical distancing measures can prevent COVID-19 resurgence. A systematic review on hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for treating COVID-19 showed conflicting evidence on their effectiveness.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health issues among healthcare workers, particularly those at higher risk for chronic stress. A recent commentary recommends that healthcare professionals prioritize their own mental well-being by seeking support from colleagues and resources.
A single negative high-quality screening colonoscopy was associated with reduced colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. The study found a 90% reduction in CRC mortality over 17.4 years, suggesting that the current 10-year screening interval could safely be extended.
Researchers from McMaster University discuss cloth masks and ventilation techniques in reducing COVID-19 transmission. They conclude that noninvasive ventilation may reduce mortality but increase risk for healthcare workers.
Researchers found that a short-term diet high in fruits and vegetables significantly lowers markers for subclinical cardiac damage and strain in adults without preexisting cardiovascular disease. The DASH trial data suggests that increased consumption of potassium, magnesium, and fiber may partly explain the observed effects.
Healthcare workers face significant burdens from coronavirus infections, with increased risk associated with certain exposures. The journal Annals of Internal Medicine is publishing rapid reviews and living systematic reviews to keep up with emerging evidence during the pandemic.
A new commentary published in Annals of Internal Medicine emphasizes the importance of environmental cleaning during the pandemic. Environmental services personnel play a crucial role in preventing the spread of COVID-19, and their work is essential for patient safety.
A new UCLA study reveals that most laypersons misunderstand the concept of 'futile treatment,' a crucial discussion for families making end-of-life decisions. The research highlights the need for increased public engagement on this issue, particularly in resource-scarce healthcare systems like during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers from the National Institute for Infectious Diseases in Italy have reported an early detection of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in ocular fluids from a patient with COVID-19. The study found prolonged viral RNA detection, highlighting the need for continued vigilance in monitoring the pandemic.
A recent study surveyed 630 adults aged 23 to 88 years living with 1 or more chronic conditions. The findings highlight the need for improved COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, and behaviors in this vulnerable population.
A new measure of patient frailty could improve accuracy, fairness, and equity in Medicare value-based payment models. Researchers found that incorporating this measure into cost prediction improved performance, especially among frail patients.
A survey of resident physicians found that most felt uncomfortable managing obesity despite its increasing prevalence. The study highlights the need for improved education in obesity management to improve patient care.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted cancer care delivery, leading to concerns about treatment delays and reduced access to care. To address these challenges, experts recommend adopting flexible approaches that prioritize patient needs and minimize disruptions.
Dr. Emelia J. Benjamin, a renowned researcher and educator, has been recognized with the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine Diversity Award for her tireless efforts to promote ethnic, racial, and gender diversity within Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center.
A cross-sectional survey in the US and UK found that the general public has varying levels of knowledge about COVID-19, with some misunderstanding key concepts. The study suggests that targeted education efforts could improve public understanding and adherence to prevention measures.
The article provides guidance on supporting clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings highlight the importance of maintaining a patient-centered approach and adapting to new clinical challenges.
According to a new study, accidents involving drivers with low blood alcohol concentrations are more likely to cause harm to others than drivers with levels at or above the limit. The study found that stringent alcohol policies can reduce the likelihood of fatal accidents involving drivers with all levels of alcohol blood concentration.
Researchers analyzed lung tissue from a COVID-19 patient to investigate histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining. The study found distinct patterns of immune cell activation and inflammation, shedding light on the disease's pathophysiology.
Two new articles published in Annals of Internal Medicine provide guidance on how US hospitals can prepare for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The first article offers ideas for protecting hospitals from the invisible threat of coronavirus, while the second article provides recommendations for preparing hospitals for a surge in cases.
A new branded HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug, emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), has been approved but found not to be cost-effective compared to generic formulation F/TDF. The study suggests that the high cost of F/TAF may undermine efforts to expand access to PrEP for the most vulnerable populations.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas identified a molecule that induces coughing in tuberculosis patients, providing a potential target for treatment and prevention. The discovery could help reduce the spread of TB, which kills over 1.3 million people worldwide annually.
A study published in Journal of Internal Medicine found that weight loss surgery, especially gastric bypass, increases the long-term risk of bone fractures. The rate was highest among patients who underwent gastric bypass, with a 2.58-times higher fracture risk compared to non-surgical obesity care and other bariatric surgery methods.
Researchers found a small mortality benefit for continuing mammography screening in women between 70-74 years old, but no benefit for those over 75. Women who continued screening were less likely to receive aggressive therapies for breast cancer.
The ACIP released its 2020 Recommended Immunization Schedule for adults with changes to vaccine administration and shared clinical decision-making. The schedule includes new instructions for discussing HPV vaccination, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, and meningitis B vaccines.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has endorsed single-payer Medicare for All, reflecting growing support among physicians. The endorsement coincides with an open letter signed by over 2,000 physicians, including prominent figures in American medicine.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that adults with type 2 diabetes who were newly prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had a lower rate of gout compared to those prescribed GLP1 agonists. This suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors may be effective in reducing the risk of gout among patients with type 2 diabetes.
States with Medicaid work requirements have higher opioid overdose death rates and fewer substance use disorder treatment facilities. Increasing access to evidence-based opioid addiction care is crucial for individuals with these conditions.
A cohort study found that preoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations were independently associated with vascular death or myocardial injury at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative NT-proBNP thresholds improved discrimination and risk stratification for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
The Michigan Medicaid expansion program successfully doubled access to primary care and increased the discussion of healthy behaviors among low-income residents. According to new studies, nearly 90% of enrollees reported reduced stress and worry due to HMP coverage, with many going without dental care they needed before enrollment.
David Coleman, MD, will receive the Robert H. Williams, MD, Distinguished Chair of Medicine Award from the Association of Professors of Medicine (APM) for his exceptional leadership as chair of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and physician-in-chief at Boston Medical Center.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has issued policy recommendations aimed at mitigating the rising costs of prescription drugs, including increasing transparency and lowering out-of-pocket costs for patients. The recommendations also focus on improving access to affordable medications and addressing issues in public health plans.
A three-year longitudinal study found that having a hematologist mentor during medical education is associated with an increased likelihood of fellows specializing in hematology. Fellows who co-authored papers or engaged in research activities with mentors in hematology were more likely to pursue careers in the field.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital analyzed national data on the prevalence of diabetes and the number of internal medicine specialists in each U.S. state. They found that cardiologists were the highest represented specialists, suggesting they are well-positioned to provide optimal care for patients with diabetes.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that nonpharmacologic treatments, such as massage and touch therapy, were more effective than pharmacologic treatments in reducing aggression and agitation in adults with dementia. The authors recommend prioritizing nonpharmacologic approaches over medications due to potential harms associate...