Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers have discovered a potential new treatment for COVID-19 by targeting the pentose phosphate pathway, which is necessary for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The study found that inhibiting this pathway with benfooxythiamine suppresses viral replication and reduces virus production.
Researchers have identified eight genes in the Candida glabrata fungus that confer resistance to various drugs. The study allows for genetic testing to diagnose potential drug resistance, guiding treatment choices. The findings also highlight cross-resistance phenomena, where exposure to one drug can lead to resistance to another.
A randomized controlled trial found that adding genotypic resistance testing to routine care didn't improve virologic suppression among HIV patients with first-line antiretroviral therapy failure in public-sector clinics in Uganda and South Africa. The findings highlight the need for effective interventions for persons with virologic f...
Researchers discovered that leukemia cells immediately unresponsive to treatment have high levels of SAMHD1, while those with acquired resistance use the enzyme DCK to activate nucleoside analogues. This finding may lead to better cancer therapies.
Scientists have developed a technique to sequence individual malaria parasites' genomes, allowing for the detection of new mutations. These mutations are often targeting a gene family controlling transcription in malaria, suggesting potential avenues for developing more effective treatments and vaccines.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered that lactate can influence cells in the lung environment to support immune defenses against infection while limiting collateral damage. Lactate may hold therapeutic potential as a host-directed therapy for diseases like TB and COVID-19, which cause destruction of pulmonary tissue.
Researchers at CRG and Pulmobiotics have created the first 'living medicine' to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria growing on medical implants. The experimental treatment successfully treated infections across in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo testing methods.
The study reveals that G6PD is associated with elevated expression of genes involved in glutathione-mediated redox metabolism, leading to chemoresistance. Patient-derived spheroids derived from clinical specimens showed diverse heterogeneity in chemoresistance against platinum-based compounds.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have developed a new treatment that pairs essential proteins with lysophosphatidylserine to build immune tolerance and prevent antibody development, potentially treating autoimmune disorders and allergies.
Researchers found that adopting the DASH diet, losing weight and improving aerobic fitness can lower blood pressure significantly. The study suggests lifestyle modifications can help people with resistant hypertension successfully lose weight and increase their physical activity.
Researchers find hookworms resistant to multiple drugs used to treat them, with high prevalence in racing greyhounds. The study's results highlight the importance of regular deworming and caution against dog parks as potential breeding grounds for drug-resistant parasites.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that tumors release chemicals compromising the blood-brain barrier, leading to inflammation and tissue wasting. Blocking these chemicals could extend life span and improve health for cancer patients, reducing the need for toxic drugs.
A team of researchers led by CU Cancer Center member Jean Mulcahy Levy examined tumor samples before and after treatment with a targeted medicine. They found additional mutations that can create resistance to the therapy, highlighting the need for new treatments or combination therapies.
A mechanical engineering faculty-researcher at RIT is developing a microfluidic device to improve the detection of drug-resistant bacteria in blood, which can cause severe infection and death. The goal is to detect these strains early, allowing for prompt treatment and recovery.
Researchers discovered azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from a tulip bulb have genetic recombination and resistance to multiple fungicide classes. Plant bulbs serve as an ideal niche for the pathogens to evolve their resistance, posing a global health threat.
Despite its promise, cancer immunotherapy faces several hurdles, including limited efficacy and variable outcomes. Researchers are exploring new therapeutic targets and combination strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified a new potential treatment for neuroblastoma by targeting the ALT mechanism, which is responsible for chemotherapy resistance. The study found that activating ATM kinase at telomeres promotes chemotherapy resistance in ALT neuroblastoma and suggests a cancer-specific approach to treating this disease.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified an antibody that is highly protective at low doses against a wide range of viral variants. The antibody targets a part of the virus' spike protein that differs little across variants, making it unlikely to lose potency as the virus mutates.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have identified two separate genetic alterations that enable triple-negative breast cancer cells to develop resistance to a highly effective drug. The findings could help improve therapy and prolong survival for patients with this aggressive form of breast cancer.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a new mechanism of resistance in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients to CAR T cell therapy. They found that inhibiting the BET protein with the small molecule inhibitor JQ1 can reinvigorate exhausted T cells and increase their production.
Researchers discovered that hypoxia induces regional variations in gene-expression patterns in pancreatic cancer, with specific subpopulations of cancer cells surviving under hypoxic conditions. These findings suggest a link between hypoxia and aggressive tumor behavior, highlighting the need for targeted treatments.
Researchers have discovered that a small percentage of drug-resistant cancer cells were already present before treatment, relying on alternative genes for survival. Understanding this mechanism is key to developing new treatments to eliminate both AXL- and EGFR-dependent cells from the start.
Researchers have found 22 lipids linked to lower symptom improvement in people with schizophrenia during treatment. The study's findings suggest a complex interplay between metabolic abnormalities and psychiatric health, highlighting the potential of lipidomics as a promising field for new discoveries.
Researchers explored whether ivermectin administration influences malaria transmission, finding large effects on mosquito mortality but no significant impact on malaria incidence in children. Further studies are underway to determine the efficacy of community-wide ivermectin treatment for reducing malaria transmission.
Scientists from Hackensack Meridian Center for Discovery and Innovation have uncovered the mechanism of action of a novel anti-tuberculosis drug, triaza-coumarin, which is effective in inhibiting TB disease from within by boosting its on-target activity by two orders of magnitude.
A new study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers identified multiple acquired resistance mechanisms for cancers with KRASG12C mutations, leading to the need for new drugs targeting KRAS and combination therapies.
Researchers have identified neural crest stem cells as a key factor in non-genetic drug resistance mechanisms, which can help predict potential resistance routes in patients and develop personalized therapies.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute presented numerous studies on various types of cancer, including kidney cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer. The studies focused on innovative treatments, diagnostic advances, and patient outcomes.
Researchers developed an AI-based tool called SCMER to identify rare groups of biologically important cells from single-cell datasets. The tool was applied to analyze several published datasets, revealing new genes and proteins involved in tumor development and drug resistance.
Research found that treatments with 6-mercaptopurine and/or 5-azacitidine do not reverse epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, but instead sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. This approach has potential for inhibiting highly resistant triple-negative breast cancer cells.
A new combination treatment targeting two proteins may improve survival for T-ALL patients who don't respond to standard chemotherapy. By inhibiting Kinase C and Notch1, researchers aim to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment efficacy.
New data reveals that mutations in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum may be gaining a foothold in Africa, linked to delayed parasite clearance. The study finds that these mutations are more prevalent than previously reported, raising concerns about further geographical spread of resistance.
Research found that ABC transporters in plants can confer glyphosate resistance by moving the herbicide out of cells. This is achieved through the EcABCC8 transporter, which was shown to exhibit higher expression levels in resistant weed species.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research found that specific gene signatures and immune cells can predict response to immunotherapy in bladder cancer patients. The researchers identified potential biomarkers for treatment resistance and new combination therapeutic approaches to overcome such resistance.
Researchers have identified key mechanisms that enable cancer cells to resist therapies targeting mutated KRAS protein. The findings suggest a potential role for rational drug design and combination therapy in overcoming resistance.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center have found that a higher dose of the anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin is safe and effective. This could lead to a shorter treatment duration and less resistance, with potential benefits for global tuberculosis treatment.
Sabrina L. Spencer, a CU Boulder researcher, has won two awards to further her research on drug-resistant cancer cells. The grants will help her investigate how these cells acquire DNA damage and activate stress response pathways to evade drugs. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to new treatments for cancer.
Fungal infections are rare but deadly, with limited treatment options due to resistance. Developing new antifungals is challenging due to biological similarities between humans and fungi.
Researchers identified various molecular pathways and predictive biomarkers of drug resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Tailored therapies can improve prognosis for patients with refractory disease, particularly those with specific clinical features.
Scientists at Far Eastern Federal University have developed a compound that kills prostate cancer cells while also activating an enzyme protecting them. The compound, 3,10-dibromofascaplysin, works well in combination with approved anticancer drugs and is being studied for its potential to reduce side effects.
Researchers identified key risk genes associated with schizophrenia and their impact on antipsychotic medication efficacy. Examining these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can help differentiate between responsive and treatment-resistant patients.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered that a combination of three decades-old antibiotics can block pain triggered by nerve damage. The finding offers an alternative to opioid-based painkillers and could potentially treat chronic pain caused by damaged nerves.
A team of veterinarians from RUDN University tested a complex preparation called gentaminoseleferon to treat respiratory infection in calves. The study showed that the treatment reduced inflammatory processes and promoted active recovery of metabolism, indicating its therapeutic efficiency.
A new approach inhibiting SCD and blocking FOSB function blunts acquired resistance and extends survival in mouse models of glioblastoma, with potential applicability to other cancers like melanoma.
A new study from Boston University School of Medicine has discovered a drug that can inhibit the growth and spread of melanoma in human cells and experimental models. The researchers found that this drug acts through a specific pathway to prevent cancer cell growth and metastasis.
A recent study discovered that SORLA protein plays a crucial role in the growth of breast cancer cells in the brain and their resistance to HER2 therapy. Removing SORLA from cancer cells sensitizes them to anti-HER2 treatment, offering new possibilities for targeting drug-resistant cancers.
Researchers have identified a promising therapeutic combination for renal cell carcinoma, utilizing ACE2 expression analysis. The study found that higher ACE2 expression correlates with better overall survival in patients with RCC.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School have designed armoured immune cells that can target hepatocellular carcinoma, a common type of primary liver cancer, without being affected by immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent organ rejection. The T cells remain effective for up to four days before regaining sensitivity to the drugs.
Researchers propose a new TB drug targeting the FtsZ protein, inhibiting cell division and suppressing growth, with potential for long-term effectiveness. The compound has been identified through high-precision molecular simulations, offering a novel solution to the problem of drug resistance in TB.
Scientists at Wits University infected mosquitoes with human malaria and identified a new chemical compound that shows promise in treating the disease. The study, published in Nature Communications, aimed to develop a drug that can block both human-to-mosquito transmission and mosquito-to-human transmission.
A new study published in Sports Medicine finds that resistance training has similar benefits for older women and men, with women achieving greater relative increases in lower body strength. The research suggests that trainers should program differently for each sex to maximize training benefits.
Researchers discover new mutations in malaria parasite that enhance resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, a key preventive drug. These mutations are already widespread in Africa and Asia, threatening efforts to use the drug to prevent malaria in vulnerable groups.
Researchers have discovered that free-floating circular DNA fragments called ecDNA form in cancer cells and drive gene amplification to generate drug resistance. Combining chemotherapeutic drugs with molecules that prevent ecDNA formation can inhibit its emergence and reduce drug resistance.
Researchers found that chromothripsis breaks up chromosomes, leading to the formation of rearranged genomes and extra-chromosomal DNA that promotes cancer cell growth and drug resistance. This phenomenon enables cancer cells to evade treatment and become more aggressive.
Researchers found that reduced amounts of p120ctn contribute to resistance in cancers with high EGFR levels, leading to poorer treatment outcomes. Testing for p120ctn levels may help clinicians identify patients at risk for therapy resistance or relapse.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered a novel method to boost the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting alternative signaling pathways. The study suggests using a combination therapy that combines an mTOR inhibitor with other drugs inhibiting CDK9, c-My...
A subcutaneous injection of teclistamab elicits responses in 74% of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, offering a promising treatment option for patients with poor prognoses. The study's results suggest that teclistamab takes a similar approach to cellular therapies but is more convenient and faster to administer.
New research suggests that dolutegravir, a widely used 'wonder drug' for HIV treatment, may not be as effective in patients with resistant strains of the virus. The study found that individuals with efavirenz-resistant mutations were less likely to achieve viral suppression when treated with dolutegravir.
Researchers at Charité and Tel Aviv University are investigating the causes of drug tolerance in invasive fungal pathogens. They aim to identify molecular pathways that explain this phenomenon and develop new treatments for life-threatening fungal infections.
A new University of Colorado Boulder study sheds light on CDK7's role in controlling cell growth and transcription, potentially leading to new therapies for hard-to-treat cancers and rare developmental disorders. The findings suggest that CDK7 inhibitors could have distinct therapeutic advantages and result in more selective and less d...