Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers found that sapanisertib can kill the malaria parasite at several stages during its life cycle, including in the liver and red blood cells. The study's findings offer new hope against a disease that kills over half a million people annually.
A new anti-virus has been discovered in a medical lecture. The lectin, known as H84T-BanLec, is highly effective against many different types of coronaviruses, including those causing COVID-19 and MERS-CoV. Its unique mechanism makes it difficult for viruses to develop resistance, making it a potential 'pan-coronavirus' antiviral drug ...
Researchers suggest new criteria for diagnosing sarcopenia, a syndrome characterized by loss of muscle mass and force, with lower cutoff points leading to improved prediction of mortality risk. The study found that raising handgrip strength thresholds can detect the onset of sarcopenia earlier and more accurately.
Researchers have successfully blocked the adhesion mechanism of Bartonella henselae bacteria, preventing cell infection. The discovery offers a promising new approach to combat highly resistant infectious agents like Acinetobacter baumannii.
A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has investigated how breast cancer cells lose their ER expression, revealing a mechanism that explains the process and offers possibilities to overcome it. The study found that over-expressing 14-3-3τ in cancer cells leads to ER loss, with other molecular players such as AKT and GATA3...
A study reveals that BA.2.75.2, a new Omicron sublineage, largely evades neutralizing antibodies and is resistant to several monoclonal antibody treatments, posing an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections this winter.
A new study identified a remdesivir-resistant version of COVID-19 in two kidney transplant patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. The virus developed the V7921 gene mutation, which allows it to resist antiviral therapy, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and potential development of additional treatments.
Researchers replicate aggressive lymphoma to identify gene responsible for drug resistance, offering new targets and causes of resistance. The CRISPR activation technology enables the replication of complex diseases on an unmatched level.
Mayo Clinic researchers identified critical genomic changes associated with abiraterone acetate/prednisone resistance in advanced prostate cancer. An 11-gene drug panel predicted a worse prognosis for a subset of patients, and whole-exome sequencing data revealed mechanisms of acquired resistance.
Researchers found that ruxolitinib, a clinically approved drug, suppresses ICB-resistant melanomas by reprogramming TILs and relying on host TNF signaling. This discovery offers a potential target for bypassing therapeutic resistance in advanced melanoma patients.
Researchers have engineered an enzyme that can degrade the capsule of antibiotic-resistant B. anthracis bacteria, making it susceptible to the immune system. The new treatment, which combines the enzyme with a mouse antibody, shows promise in treating anthrax infections without antibiotics.
A study found that activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling pathway is involved in lenvatinib resistance in thyroid cancer cells. Inhibition of EGFR by lapatinib therapy in combination with lenvatinib enhanced growth inhibitory effect and inhibited tumor growth more remarkably than monotherapy.
A recent study finds that fungal infections during the pandemic are a significant public health problem with limited treatment options. The interaction between pathogen and host may be different in people with compromised immunity, leading to increased mortality rates among severe COVID-19 patients.
Researchers developed a novel, single-dose, intranasal treatment that reduces symptoms and viral shedding of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. The therapeutic interfering particle (TIP) treatment effectively blocks COVID-19 transmission in animal models.
Researchers discovered that combining a new target with an old chemotherapy drug can reduce resistance and potentially improve treatment outcomes for small cell lung cancer. The study used mouse models to show that inhibiting a protein called SMYD3, along with cyclophosphamide, stopped tumors in their tracks.
A new study reveals that partner-drug resistance facilitates artemisinin resistance in malaria parasites. The research collaboration found a 10-fold increase in partner-drug resistant genotypes led to earlier artemisinin resistance establishment among these parasites, resulting in significant treatment failures globally.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine and the Broad Institute have identified biological markers associated with chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer. The study found that deletion on chromosome 19, specifically the LIG1 gene, is linked to resistance to treatment and poor clinical outcomes.
Researchers found that a gene called PTCHD1 plays a crucial role in opioid tolerance by altering cholesterol content in cell membranes. This discovery may lead to the development of new pain medications with lower overdose risk.
Researchers developed a new anti-cancer drug LP-182 that simultaneously targets two molecular signaling pathways responsible for cancer growth. The drug is absorbed through the gut's lymphatic system, maintaining optimal therapeutic levels over time.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered that cancer-associated fibroblasts can both promote and inhibit drug sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer cells, depending on the type of tumor cell and drug used. The study suggests that targeting specific signaling pathways, such as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway...
Researchers developed a statistical mapping tool to predict genetic markers of resistance to Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria. The model uses data from the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network and fills in gaps by making continuous predictions in space and time.
A new AI algorithm has been developed to detect subtle brain abnormalities causing epileptic seizures. The Multicentre Epilepsy Lesion Detection project used over 1,000 patient MRI scans to train the algorithm, which was able to detect focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in 67% of cases. This could lead to more patients being considered for...
A recent study from the University of Geneva suggests that ketamine's therapeutic use may be safe due to its limited impact on dopamine levels and neuronal communication. The research found that ketamine triggers a short increase in dopamine, but also inhibits a specific receptor that prevents addiction progression.
A study of over 500 patients with multiple myeloma reveals a high prevalence of genetic alterations in oncogenic pathways, leading to treatment resistance. The research found a specific link between RASopathies and mutations in these pathways, offering new insights into the development of resistance mechanisms.
A covalent DNA aptamer has been developed to overcome limitations of traditional aptamers in drug use. The semi-permanent inhibition by the aptamer may lead to unexpected side effects or a too-strong medicinal effect.
Researchers have found that high levels of iron can generate toxic free radicals, which damage lipids and ultimately lead to cell death. The team is exploring the use of compounds like JKE-1674 to induce ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells, making them more vulnerable to treatment.
The study reveals how the EGF receptor changes its shape when binding to its target, triggering cell growth and proliferation. The findings could lead to the design of new cancer drugs that evade resistance, says MIT chemist Gabriela Schlau-Cohen.
Researchers have found that tumor cells co-exist with normal tissue in a complex, heterogeneous mixture, leading to unexpected effects on therapeutic resistance. The study suggests that understanding these ecological interactions could lead to novel treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.
A Moffitt study shows that adaptive therapy using abiraterone improves patient outcomes and reduces care costs. The approach delays treatment withdrawal to prevent resistant cells from proliferating, leading to longer median time to progression and overall survival.
Researchers at the Netherlands Cancer Institute discovered that prostate cancer cells hijack the circadian rhythm to become resistant to hormone therapy. The study found that proteins regulating the circadian clock play a crucial role in tumor cell survival, offering a potential target for new treatment strategies.
A UC San Diego study suggests COVID-19 rebound symptoms after taking Paxlovid are likely caused by insufficient drug exposure, not resistance or impaired immunity. The study found the virus remained sensitive to the drug and no relevant mutations were detected.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a liquid biopsy that can determine if an esophageal cancer patient will respond to certain treatments. The biopsy uses a panel of mRNAs and microRNAs to predict patient outcomes, with improved accuracy when combined with tumor size data.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that consecutive molecular modifications of the androgen receptor can contribute to drug resistance in prostate cancer. Researchers identified a potential treatment approach using an ACK1 inhibitor to block this resistance.
Researchers have reported encouraging early-stage data for the Phase 1 clinical trial of INB-200, a gamma-delta T cell-based immunotherapy. All patients enrolled in the trial have exceeded their expected progression-free survival, with two patients exceeding overall survival as well. The treatment shows promising activity against gliob...
A recent study published in Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can lower blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. After a single session or ten sessions, the treatment reduced peripheral and central blood pressure in some patients by up to 15 mmHg.
Deep nerve stimulation using custom-wired electrodes and wireless implantable systems significantly lowers systolic blood pressure by up to 16% in two hours. The technology targets hypertension, a leading cause of death globally, affecting over 1 billion people.
Researchers have identified glycans in mucus that can prevent Candida albicans from causing infection. These molecules can be used to develop new antifungal medicines or make disease-causing fungus more susceptible to existing drugs.
A Phase 3 clinical trial is investigating the effectiveness of a combination of two immunotherapy drugs, nemvaluekin alfa and pembrolizumab, compared to standard chemotherapy for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The trial aims to provide a novel treatment option with better efficacy and safety profiles.
Researchers have identified new biomarkers to detect non-small cell lung cancer in its early stages through a blood test, offering improved survival chances. The approach can also identify potential drug resistance, allowing clinicians to choose alternative treatment options.
Researchers at Rice University have developed molecular machines that can kill bacteria using visible light, targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The breakthrough study uses rotors spinning at millions of times per second to break up biofilms and persister cells, making these infections more treatable.
Researchers from UToledo found that a dominant gut bacteria species, Coprococcus comes, can break down quinapril and ramipril, reducing their efficacy. This study provides insights into the impact of gut bacteria on blood pressure medication, potentially leading to new ways to overcome treatment-resistant hypertension.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have developed a novel class of therapeutics called feedback disruptors that target viral proteins' negative feedback loops. These drugs break the genetic feedback circuits, causing infected cells to self-destruct and stopping infection in its tracks.
Researchers developed an algorithm to quickly identify two cancer drugs that work well together, reducing testing time from three years to eight weeks. The new method uses gene expression data to prioritize potential combinations and has been confirmed in lab tests.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute have identified key factors impacting the effectiveness of adaptive therapy in cancer treatment. The study found that spatial organization and competition between drug-resistant cells play a crucial role in determining the success of adaptive therapy.
Researchers have discovered a way to suppress a specific protein that promotes resistance to drugs commonly used to treat AML patients. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize treatment and prolong survival for those affected by the disease.
Researchers developed a deep learning-based model to predict drug-drug interactions using gene expression data. The DeSIDE-DDI model can identify potentially dangerous pairs and act as a drug safety monitoring system, helping establish the correct usage of drugs in the development phase.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory discovered an aberrant protein that mimics the action of aminoglycoside antibiotics, which could help scientists understand how those drugs kill bacterial cells. The newly identified protein could lead to the development of new inhibitors to target bacterial growth.
The University at Buffalo is developing new treatments for ovarian cancer by targeting the apelin receptor. Ovarian cancer cells rely on lipids for energy and survival, making this a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers found six cases of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infection linked to environmental spores. The fungus, common in soil and compost, has become resistant to antifungal drugs due to agricultural use, posing a growing threat to lung health.
A recent study found that extra copies of the 3p25.3 region of DNA can lead to chemotherapy resistance in germ cell cancer. The research suggests this abnormality may be a key factor in predicting patient outcomes and could help identify those at high risk, allowing for alternative treatment options
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London identified a way to overcome resistance to cancer drugs in leukemia cells by manipulating cellular pathways. By using a sequential treatment approach, the team was able to kill about 50% of leukemia samples and potentially develop a new treatment strategy for this devastating disease.
Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology discovered that tocotrienols, a subtype of vitamin E, can lower body weight, reduce white adipose tissue, and protect the liver in mice fed with a high-fat diet. The study suggests a potential compound to prevent obesity and its secondary diseases.
A decision-support framework was developed by management science researchers to help clinicians make informed decisions about opioid prescribing. The framework incorporates multiple factors, including recovery time, pain intensity, and patient history, to provide a quantitative model of the prescribing process.
Scientists have identified a potential new antibiotic candidate from the rare soil microbe Lentzea flaviverrucosa. The discovery was made using genomics-based approaches and shows that this actinomycete produces two different bioactive molecules that are active against various types of cancer cells.
Gram-negative bacteria use a crucial component in their outer membrane that shields them from immune system and antibiotics. Researchers discovered the structure of an enzyme linked to this process, which could lead to custom-designed drugs to counteract these deadly bacteria.
PrEP users in Germany experienced infrequent testing, with 26.3% not following recommended frequencies for HIV, STI, and renal function testing. Regular testing is crucial to prevent missed diagnoses and manage asymptomatic STIs, particularly in MSM populations.
Researchers found that a certain gut bacterium can break down quinapril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure, reducing its effectiveness. The study suggests that the same drug may not be suitable for everyone due to unique gut microbial compositions.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a drug delivery system based on lipid nanoparticles that utilize RNA to boost personalized cancer care. The nanodrug enhances chemotherapy effectiveness and reinvigorates the immune system, increasing sensitivity to cancer cells.
A new wireless implant has the potential to treat neuropathic pain resistant to medical therapy, offering a minimally invasive alternative to surgery. The device uses bioelectronic therapy to stimulate peripheral nerves from within blood vessels, providing precise placement and predictable outcomes.
A Johns Hopkins-led study published in New England Journal of Medicine found that convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients can effectively treat outpatients, with a 54% reduced need for hospitalization. The therapy's effectiveness increases with earlier administration within five days after diagnosis.