Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
KNT-127 exhibits anti-stressing and anti-depressant effects in mice, improving social interaction and reducing stress-induced hormone levels. The agent suppresses neuronal inflammation and newborn death without affecting neurogenesis.
A new study has provided insight into the mysterious evolution of DNA rings in tumors, revealing that nearly one-third of all tumors have these genetic structures. The researchers used a technology to trace the path of DNA ring development in neuroblastoma cells, finding that large rings contain cancer genes spurring cell growth.
Researchers have identified 11 somatic mutations in the RAS/MAPK pathway that contribute to treatment-resistant adult epilepsy, suggesting the potential for repurposed anti-cancer agents as new treatments. This study provides insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying this form of epilepsy and opens up new avenues for targeted ther...
A research tool developed at the Garvan Institute has uncovered unprecedented detail about pancreatic cancer drug response and resistance. The molecule AKT, a key driver of cancer growth and spread, is activated in distinct parts of the tumour, including areas of low oxygen supply where it forms pockets of resistance to therapy.
Scientists have found a rare yeast pathogen, Lodderomyces elongisporus, causing neonatal outbreaks in India despite strong disinfectant bleach. The fungus is rapidly evolving and has been linked to hospital equipment and apples treated with fungicides.
Researchers at The Mount Sinai Hospital have created versatile disease models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), allowing for accurate study of the cancer's progression and response to drugs. These models, derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, can mimic different stages of AML and are nearly identical to those found in patients.
A new target for drug-resistant ovarian cancer has been identified through a preclinical study led by researchers at Penn Medicine. An antibody-drug conjugate targeting B7-H4 showed significant anti-tumor activity and sustained response in treatment-resistant models.
The new CALANGO software helps untangle genetic factors associated with shared characteristics, such as antibacterial resistance and agricultural improvements. It enables scientists to explore vast amounts of genomic data across thousands of organisms.
Researchers at the University of Stirling found that microplastics can transport harmful bacteria from wastewater to beaches in Scotland. The study suggests that these bacteria can survive for up to 7 days on beach sand and show resistance to common antibiotics.
Researchers discover loss of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene leads to resistance to alpelisib, a common treatment for advanced breast cancer. Dietary supplement N-acetylcysteine restores sensitivity to this treatment, offering new hope for improving treatment outcomes.
A team of scientists from City University of Hong Kong and HKUST discovered novel, tridimensional compounds with high anticancer activity and low toxicity. These compounds can overcome drug resistance in cancer cells by inducing a different cell death pathway.
Researchers at Universitatsklinikum Bonn used CRISPR gene scissors to identify NAE1 as a driver of cisplatin resistance in testicular cancer. Inhibiting this protein with MLN4924 restores cisplatin's effectiveness and has an additional killing effect on tumor cells, offering new treatment options.
WVU engineers developed a new electrode cuff called MouseFlex to test electric current treatments, overcoming previous challenges with stability and durability. The device can withstand high electrical stimulation and may benefit patients with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and drug-resistant epilepsy.
Researchers propose conjugating a cell-penetrating peptide to oxaliplatin to overcome chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer. The new approach reduces platinum accumulation in tumour microenvironment and healthy tissues.
Researchers studied how tumors adapt to Sotorasib and found that gene amplification and transcriptional programs lead to resistance. This knowledge can help develop targeted treatments for patients with KRAS mutations, potentially increasing survival rates.
Researchers found that Matcha tea powder reduces depression in mice by activating dopaminergic neural circuits and improving mood. The study's results suggest that Matcha's antidepressant-like effects depend on the animal's prior mental state, with stress-susceptible mice showing a significant response.
A new study by Tufts University researchers has identified a small molecule, Compound 350, that may help treat people with epilepsy whose condition has become resistant to traditional anti-seizure drugs. The compound was found to reduce seizure activity in rodents with drug-resistant seizures and lower brain cell death.
A new study published in The Lancet found that an existing drug, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, protects pregnant women from sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections. Researchers tested this drug alongside a promising new treatment, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, which showed unique ability to prevent malaria.
A remote hypertension program, operated by Mass General Brigham, successfully supported patients through the COVID-19 pandemic in achieving their blood pressure goals. Participants who enrolled during the pandemic reached and maintained their goal blood pressures an average of two months earlier than in the pre-pandemic period.
A new review paper suggests that selective protection of normal cells from chemotherapy could increase the therapeutic window and improve outcomes for cancer patients. The authors propose using antagonistic drug combinations to kill drug-resistant cancer cells, reducing side effects and improving quality of life.
Researchers developed synthetic peptide nanonets that selectively entrap bacteria, rendering them vulnerable to antimicrobial components. The nanonets displayed both trapping and killing functionalities, demonstrating potential as an anti-infective strategy.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital demonstrate a framework to develop solutions to evade detoxification networks in drug development, potentially reducing side effects. By altering the structure of a small molecule, they found a way to stretch out binding regions, making it energetically unfavorable for drugs to bind a...
Researchers created a statistical model to predict who is resistant to COVID-19, using health characteristics from electronic records. The model identified patterns in patients with similar features, suggesting that genetic and environmental differences influence their defense against the virus.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have identified CD70 as a novel therapeutic target for eliminating drug-resistant cancer cells in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. CD70 targeting strategies showed significant anti-tumor activity, eliminating resistant cells in laboratory models.
The NCI is funding a $587,000 research grant to improve KRAS treatment resistance in pancreatic cancer. Dr. Andrew Waters aims to develop personalized medicine approaches by studying unique resistance mechanisms.
A new study predicts global antimicrobial use in food-producing animals will increase by 8% by 2030 if stronger regulations are not implemented worldwide. The findings highlight the need for stricter controls on antimicrobial use, which has raised concerns over antimicrobial resistance.
A new microbiome therapeutic, SER-109, has been shown to improve the quality of life of patients with Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infections by reducing symptoms and restoring colonization resistance. The treatment was found to be associated with significant improvements in health-related quality of life scores as early as Week 1.
A new study finds that warmer temperatures cause a pathogenic fungus to experience adaptive responses, leading to increased disease-causing potential. The research, led by Asiya Gusa at Duke University, suggests that rising global temperatures may contribute to the evolution of more virulent fungal pathogens.
A research team from HKUMed identified chronic Type I Interferon signalling as a driver of CD8+ T cell exhaustion and therapy resistance. The study highlights the harmful effect of IFN-I on tumour-killing CD8+ T cells, providing new insights into immunotherapy improvement.
Researchers have designed a treatment that uses a modified bacterium to target and dissolve biofilms caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a leading cause of hospital mortality. The treatment has shown significant efficacy in mice, reducing lung infections and doubling survival rates.
Researchers at Mass General Hospital identified a gene target, TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), that enhances the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Silencing TBK1 sensitizes tumor cells to immune attack, overcoming resistance to treatment.
Scientists have found a way to break down the resistance of mice with neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. A new drug combination, PD1-IL2v and anti-PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor immunity by stimulating specific T cells and reprogramming macrophages, leading to increased survival rates in tumor-bearing mice.
MIT researchers have identified molecules found in mucus that can block cholera infection by interfering with the genes that cause the microbe to switch into a harmful state. The protective molecules, known as glycans, prevent Vibrio cholerae from producing the toxin that usually leads to severe diarrhea.
Researchers at Lund University discovered an antibody with potential to protect against Strep A infection and a rare form of binding that leads to effective immune response. The finding could explain why many Group A strep vaccines have failed.
Scientists at the University of York have identified an enzyme that makes Leishmania infantum parasite resistant to miltefosine, a medication used to treat visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. The discovery opens up potential for developing a blood test to predict patient outcome and tailor treatment to individual patients.
A study by North Carolina State University found that two common veterinary drugs, Fluralaner and Ivermectin, are effective in killing bed bugs on poultry farms. Fluralaner was highly effective against bed bugs with resistance to common insecticides.
Neuroblastoma tumour cells adapt to mimic embryonic cells, making them resistant to chemotherapy. This understanding can lead to targeted treatments that better reach the entire tumour and avoid resistance development.
Researchers at CNIO have identified epigenetic changes, specifically DNA methylation, as a key mechanism behind resistance to proteasome inhibitor drugs in multiple myeloma. This finding suggests that methylation levels in the PSMD5 gene can predict treatment response and potentially reverse resistance.
A study by CeMM researchers and the University of Dundee identifies mutations in E3 ligases that mediate resistances in cell cultures, but also finds that these mutations can be targeted by chemically modified degraders. This understanding has clinical relevance and enables further improvement of cancer therapy drugs.
A study reveals that interleukin 34 (IL-34) modulates the balance between two myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations, leading to immunosuppression and chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Neutralizing IL-34 with a drug reduces tumor growth and susceptibility to chemotherapy.
Researchers at UNIGE have discovered a way to overcome resistance to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer, using an optimized combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for developing targeted therapies that can effectively treat patients with low five-year survival rates.
Researchers found that sapanisertib can kill the malaria parasite at several stages during its life cycle, including in the liver and red blood cells. The study's findings offer new hope against a disease that kills over half a million people annually.
A new anti-virus has been discovered in a medical lecture. The lectin, known as H84T-BanLec, is highly effective against many different types of coronaviruses, including those causing COVID-19 and MERS-CoV. Its unique mechanism makes it difficult for viruses to develop resistance, making it a potential 'pan-coronavirus' antiviral drug ...
Researchers suggest new criteria for diagnosing sarcopenia, a syndrome characterized by loss of muscle mass and force, with lower cutoff points leading to improved prediction of mortality risk. The study found that raising handgrip strength thresholds can detect the onset of sarcopenia earlier and more accurately.
Researchers have successfully blocked the adhesion mechanism of Bartonella henselae bacteria, preventing cell infection. The discovery offers a promising new approach to combat highly resistant infectious agents like Acinetobacter baumannii.
A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has investigated how breast cancer cells lose their ER expression, revealing a mechanism that explains the process and offers possibilities to overcome it. The study found that over-expressing 14-3-3τ in cancer cells leads to ER loss, with other molecular players such as AKT and GATA3...
A study reveals that BA.2.75.2, a new Omicron sublineage, largely evades neutralizing antibodies and is resistant to several monoclonal antibody treatments, posing an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections this winter.
A new study identified a remdesivir-resistant version of COVID-19 in two kidney transplant patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. The virus developed the V7921 gene mutation, which allows it to resist antiviral therapy, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and potential development of additional treatments.
Researchers replicate aggressive lymphoma to identify gene responsible for drug resistance, offering new targets and causes of resistance. The CRISPR activation technology enables the replication of complex diseases on an unmatched level.
Mayo Clinic researchers identified critical genomic changes associated with abiraterone acetate/prednisone resistance in advanced prostate cancer. An 11-gene drug panel predicted a worse prognosis for a subset of patients, and whole-exome sequencing data revealed mechanisms of acquired resistance.
Researchers found that ruxolitinib, a clinically approved drug, suppresses ICB-resistant melanomas by reprogramming TILs and relying on host TNF signaling. This discovery offers a potential target for bypassing therapeutic resistance in advanced melanoma patients.
Researchers have engineered an enzyme that can degrade the capsule of antibiotic-resistant B. anthracis bacteria, making it susceptible to the immune system. The new treatment, which combines the enzyme with a mouse antibody, shows promise in treating anthrax infections without antibiotics.
A study found that activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling pathway is involved in lenvatinib resistance in thyroid cancer cells. Inhibition of EGFR by lapatinib therapy in combination with lenvatinib enhanced growth inhibitory effect and inhibited tumor growth more remarkably than monotherapy.
A recent study finds that fungal infections during the pandemic are a significant public health problem with limited treatment options. The interaction between pathogen and host may be different in people with compromised immunity, leading to increased mortality rates among severe COVID-19 patients.
Researchers developed a novel, single-dose, intranasal treatment that reduces symptoms and viral shedding of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. The therapeutic interfering particle (TIP) treatment effectively blocks COVID-19 transmission in animal models.
Researchers discovered that combining a new target with an old chemotherapy drug can reduce resistance and potentially improve treatment outcomes for small cell lung cancer. The study used mouse models to show that inhibiting a protein called SMYD3, along with cyclophosphamide, stopped tumors in their tracks.
A new study reveals that partner-drug resistance facilitates artemisinin resistance in malaria parasites. The research collaboration found a 10-fold increase in partner-drug resistant genotypes led to earlier artemisinin resistance establishment among these parasites, resulting in significant treatment failures globally.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine and the Broad Institute have identified biological markers associated with chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer. The study found that deletion on chromosome 19, specifically the LIG1 gene, is linked to resistance to treatment and poor clinical outcomes.
Researchers found that a gene called PTCHD1 plays a crucial role in opioid tolerance by altering cholesterol content in cell membranes. This discovery may lead to the development of new pain medications with lower overdose risk.
Researchers developed a new anti-cancer drug LP-182 that simultaneously targets two molecular signaling pathways responsible for cancer growth. The drug is absorbed through the gut's lymphatic system, maintaining optimal therapeutic levels over time.