Articles tagged with Dna
Researchers have uncovered novel perspectives on domestic and wild cat evolution through the use of cutting-edge genome sequencing and assembly technologies. The study highlights distinct genetic changes that will aid in future disease studies and provide crucial information for those studying feline diseases, behavior, and conservation.
Scientists have developed a method to study bobcats using only their pawprints, allowing for extensive data collection and analysis of ancestral background and microbial communities. This technique has the potential to inform better management and conservation of rare or endangered species.
Researchers from National University of Singapore have synthesised a redesigned yeast chromosome XV, comprising 1.05 million base pairs. The novel technology, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mitotic recombination with endoreduplication (CRIMiRE), speeds up the assembly process, allowing for rapid reconfiguration of the synthetic chromosome.
A new compartment in mammalian cells, the exclusome, has been discovered to house DNA rings that can be ejected from the nucleus. This process helps protect chromosomes from foreign DNA that could disrupt cellular function. The discovery sheds light on a potential link between the exclusome and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers identified PUCH, a novel enzyme that produces small molecules called piRNAs to detect and prevent parasitic DNA from replicating in our genomes. This discovery sheds light on how our immune system works and may have implications for understanding innate immunity.
Cancer cells exploit enhancer DNA to accelerate tumor growth, according to researchers at the University of Toronto. The study found that specific proteins regulate this process, suggesting potential treatments through FOXA1 or NFIB suppression.
A new CRISPR-based diagnostic tool, MPXV-CRISPR, has been developed in Australia to detect the monkeypox virus with high precision and speed. The tool can detect the virus in clinical samples in just 45 minutes, making it faster than current methods.
Researchers found that the OsMATL2 gene triggers haploid induction when inactivated, resulting in plants with half the normal chromosome number and reduced seed setting. This discovery could revolutionize rice cultivation by accelerating breeding processes.
CityU and AFCR have signed a MoU to promote cutting-edge cancer-related innovative inventions and commercialization. The partnership aims to foster the development of biomedicine and related innovation, with world-leading scholars from Harvard Medical School attending the inaugural 'Innovation Series in Biomedicine' forum.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have created a device that mimics biological channels to detect biomolecules indicative of human disease. The bioprotonic system uses electrical currents of protons to translate biomolecule presence into electronic signals, with potential applications for in-vitro and clinical settings.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have discovered dozens of small protein sequences with antibiotic qualities in extinct organisms like Neanderthals and Denisovans. They then synthesized these molecules using artificial intelligence and tested their efficacy against pathogens.
Researchers develop a new method to assemble arrays of quantum rods onto patterned DNA scaffolds, enabling precise control over light emission and polarization. This breakthrough could enhance virtual reality devices and microLEDs with improved depth and dimensionality.
Using plasma circulating tumor DNA testing can expedite biomarker testing and time to treatment for patients with suspected advanced lung cancer. The study suggests that this approach may improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that gene editing technologies may introduce unintended mutations and damage to DNA in early human embryos. The study found that most cells repair breaks in the DNA using non-homologous end joining, which can lead to additional genetic abnormalities.
Researchers have developed a new method to manipulate the shape of double-stranded DNA, known as triplex origami, which can create compacted structures with unique properties. This breakthrough has implications for gene therapy, nanoscale materials engineering, and our understanding of biological processes.
A new study using CRISPR/Cas9 technology has identified a critical gene, SLC4γ, required for young coral colonies to build their skeletons. This gene is unique to stony corals and may have evolved to support skeleton formation.
Researchers created a novel map of protein assemblies in DNA damage response, capturing canonical repair mechanisms and proposing new DDR-associated proteins linked to stress, transport, and chromatin functions. The study provides new therapeutic opportunities for diseases caused by defects in DNA damage response.
Researchers detected chicken, cow, and human eDNA at all altitudes, as well as common plant-based allergens and pathogenic bacteria. The sterilizable probe enabled mapping of genetic material from potentially all species using aircraft.
Scientists have developed a new method to deliver genetic information to stem cells using nanoparticles coated with a specific polymer, enabling more efficient control over cellular differentiation. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of regenerative medicine treatments.
Researchers have designed a new nanoparticle sensor that can detect cancer with a simple urine test. The sensors use DNA barcodes to analyze urine samples, which can reveal distinguishing features of a particular patient's tumor.
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has discovered a protein crucial for repairing DNA in cancer cells, which they found can be selectively targeted to kill cancer cells without harming healthy ones.
A DNA designer drug restored levels of stathmin-2, a protein necessary for motor neurons to function, in both mouse and human studies. This finding could lead to clinical trials to delay paralysis in ALS patients by maintaining stathmin-2 levels.
A new study assesses DNA metabarcoding's performance in identifying fish eggs on the West Florida Shelf, highlighting its value for long-term monitoring of spawning sites and habitats. The technique can identify multiple species from a single sample, but may introduce biases by excluding rare species.
Researchers at Rice University's Center for Theoretical Biological Physics discovered Aedes aegypti's chromosomes have a unique 'liquid crystal' structure, unlike other species. This finding may provide insights into the functioning of genomes and gene regulation.
A new DNA biosensor developed by NIST, Brown University, and the French government-funded research institute CEA-Leti boasts accurate and inexpensive design. The modular device can measure biomarkers in a scalable and high-sensitivity manner.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed artificial DNA that can target and kill cancer cells by binding to microRNA molecules. The DNA triggers an immune response that not only kills cancer cells but also prevents further growth of cancerous tissue.
A global registry for gene-drive modified organisms could facilitate transparent communication, monitor ecological impacts, and inform local decision-making. Experts agree that a registry is necessary for the fair development, testing, and use of gene-drive technologies.
A new study has deciphered the mechanical code of DNA, revealing previously unknown ways in which nature encodes biological information. Researchers used a next-generation technology to show that local sequence determines local bendability of DNA.
The new CRC 1551 will study the polymer properties of DNA, RNA, and proteins to understand their interaction in cells. The researchers aim to describe and understand nonequilibrium processes in cells triggered by complex interplay of cellular polymers.
The German Research Foundation renewed CRC 1361 for an additional four years to explore mechanisms of DNA repair and genome stability. The consortium aims to elucidate how cells safeguard genetic information and promote human health by understanding DNA damage signaling pathways.
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz has been awarded funding for three Collaborative Research Centers in the life sciences, including CRC 1551 and CRC/Transregio 355. The centers will focus on investigating polymer concepts in cellular function and heterogeneity of regulatory T cells in distinct microenvironments.
New research reveals two distinct groups with different origins and cultures that recolonised Britain after the last ice age. The study obtained genetic data from individuals from Gough's Cave and Kendrick's Cave, who lived over 13,500 years ago, indicating a complex migration pattern.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that colloidal crystals with DNA can change shape in response to external stimuli, exhibiting a 'shape memory' effect. The crystals can break down but then revert to their original state when water is added, making them useful for sensing and optics applications.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a method to enhance DNA detection in nanopores, slowing down transit and increasing signal intensity. The use of glycerol instead of water enables the detection of single DNA molecules, paving the way for faster and more affordable genomic sequencing.
Two papers published in Nature Plants unveil the first full-length genomes for homosporous ferns, a group containing 99% of modern fern diversity. The Ceratopteris genome suggests that ferns stole genes from bacteria for anti-herbivory toxins.
A team of researchers from Ritsumeikan University in Japan has elucidated the mechanism behind the liquid-solid phase transition of FUS protein that leads to ALS. They discovered a new therapeutic target, arginine, which suppresses FUS aggregation and could delay ALS progression.
Researchers have developed a new quantitative approach to predict and customize site-specific recombination, enabling more efficient genetic and cell therapies. The tool combines high-throughput experiments with machine learning models to control the rate of DNA editing, paving the way for personalized treatment.
A UNC Charlotte-led team has invented a new biomolecular anticoagulant platform that holds promise as a revolutionary advancement over current blood thinners. The technology uses programmable RNA-DNA fibers to prevent blood clotting as needed, then be swiftly eliminated from the body.
A novel single-cell RNA sequencing technique, TAS-Seq, has been developed to provide higher-precision data than current methods. The new method detects more genes and identifies highly variable genes, making it a sensitive high-throughput scRNA method.
Researchers analyzed DNA of Demodex folliculorum mites living in human hair follicles, finding unusual body features and behaviors due to their isolated existence. The study suggests these mites may transition from external parasites to internal symbionts as they shed unnecessary genes and cells.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have created a genetic toolkit to investigate the molecular mechanisms of a parasitic wasp, Asobara japonica. By analyzing its genome and using RNA interference, they identified key genes involved in venom production and found that suppressing these genes can lead to phenotypic changes.
Researchers developed a simple physical model to explain DNA deformations caused by ions and temperature changes. The model reveals that salt-induced twist changes are driven by electrostatic interactions, while temperature-induced changes are related to DNA diameter variation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mec...
A family of DNA motor proteins, condensin, has been found to create loops of DNA that form chromosomes during cell division. The protein complex achieves this feat by acting as a molecular machine, using energy from ATP to drive the process.
Researchers have used a data-sharing innovation to categorise 16 uncertain BRCA variants as benign or likely benign, potentially allowing women with these variants to skip invasive surgeries. This could lead to thousands of people avoiding difficult treatments for no reason.
University of Ottawa scientists, collaborating with Yale researchers, have discovered the hidden influence of a single variation between histone H3.1 and H3.3 proteins. This finding could expand our understanding of DNA damage repair and its role in diseases like cancers and sponastrine dysplasia.
A study reveals that new bird species arise in lowland habitats before moving higher into mountainous areas, where genetic differences accumulate. The research suggests that climate fluctuations, particularly during the Pleistocene era, contributed to the evolution of these high-altitude populations.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new high-precision tool to identify the function of noncoding DNA sequences, which may eventually contribute to the development of targeted drugs. The study reveals that these noncoding parts of patients' DNA are linked to genetic changes in diseases.
A research group at the University of Helsinki has discovered the logic controlling gene regulation in human cells. They found that individual transcription factors contribute to gene regulation in an additive manner and identified regulatory elements that function within closed chromatin regions.
A team of scientists used genetic testing to uncover the tactics of international criminal networks behind ivory trafficking out of Africa. The analysis linked most large ivory shipments to a handful of interconnected smuggling networks, expanding efforts to track and seize illicit shipments.
Scientists have discovered that the genomes of marine invertebrates have been surprisingly stable across deep time. The study found that chromosomes are remarkably similar among sponges, jellyfish, scallops, and even humans, with some genes traveling together for almost a billion years.
Researchers created a novel molecular diagnostic platform that can detect COVID-19 genes after only 8 cycles of amplification, significantly reducing the time required for diagnosis. The new SERS-PCR platform uses gold nanoparticles to produce high-sensitivity signals, providing an important tool in the fight against the pandemic.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a new potential drug target, BRD2, which regulates the ACE2 receptor, a key entry point for SARS-CoV-2. Blocking production of BRD2 prevents virus from infecting various human cell types.
A single-cell chromatin atlas for the human genome reveals how genes are turned on or off in different cells, a major step toward understanding the connections between genetics and disease. The findings identify disease-trait-relevant cell types for 240 multi-genic traits and diseases.
New research reveals humans played a significant role in the extinction of woolly mammoths, contributing to population declines and range collapses. The study shows that human hunting, combined with climate change, led to the species' demise in Eurasia thousands of years earlier than previously thought.
Scientists have reversed new-onset type 1 diabetes in mice by injecting pyramid-like DNA molecules called tFNAs, which increased regulatory T cells and protected pancreatic β-cells. The treatment is one of the most promising candidates for type 1 diabetes immunotherapy.
Researchers at Georgia Tech and Emory University have developed an innovative method for delivering vaccines, including those for COVID-19, using a handheld electroporator. The device is powered by a BBQ lighter and uses microneedle technology to reduce the complexity and cost of vaccine delivery.
Researchers analyzed genetic expression profiles of developing brain cells, finding that early tissue holds a pre-set map that develops into the cerebral cortex's characteristic topography. A new method for predicting cell fate has also been established, using chromatin structure to determine lineage before gene expression is possible.
Researchers mapped cancer through protein interactions, revealing biomarkers and potential new treatments for breast and head and neck cancers. The study provides a new definition of biomarkers based on large, multi-protein complexes, offering a more precise way to explain mutation effects.
Researchers studied electrical conduction through membranes during Controlled Breakdown, a technique to fabricate single nanopores. They found that redox reactions occur at the membrane-electrolyte interface, allowing localization of pore formation using metal microelectrodes.