Articles tagged with Alzheimer Disease
Researchers found that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) regulates human neurogenesis, which could be linked to Alzheimer's disease. APP promotes a balance between stem cell proliferation and differentiation, suggesting its disruption may cause premature neurogenesis and cellular stress.
Researchers found a significant correlation between vitreous humor biomarkers and pathologically confirmed cases of Alzheimer's disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Biomarkers in the vitreous humor may serve as a proxy for neuropathological disease, offering potential early diagnosis and prognostication.
A new AI-based technique measures brain fluid flow with unprecedented accuracy, revealing pressures and three-dimensional flow rates. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for Alzheimer's, small vessel disease, strokes, and traumatic brain injuries.
Researchers found that an older adult's performance on the phone menu test was associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology, including amyloid and tau depositions. The test detected clinically meaningful changes in daily functioning before pronounced symptoms of cognitive decline began.
Researchers found a distinct gut microbiome in people with pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's, differing from healthy individuals. This discovery opens the possibility of analyzing gut bacteria to identify risk factors and designing preventive treatments.
A team of researchers at IISc has designed a small molecular fluorogenic probe that can sense Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme linked to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The probe is designed to detect AChE levels in the early stages of the disease, which become imbalanced.
Researchers have created a 'meta-cell' that combines data from 50 similar cells, allowing them to study Alzheimer's disease without the limitations of single-cell genomics. This process reveals insights into microglia states and gene activity, which can be targeted for therapeutics.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have uncovered the structure of the first step in amyloid formation for Huntington's disease. The team proposes a new method for treating not only Huntington's but potentially dozens of other amyloid-associated diseases by preventing the initial, rate-limiting step from occurring.
A study by Scripps Research and University of Bologna found that excessive alcohol consumption accelerates cognitive decline in genetically susceptible mice. Gene expression analysis revealed widespread changes indicative of disease progression, including increased neuronal excitability and neurodegeneration.
Researchers aim to understand how estrogen levels and menopausal status interact with memory-related brain function and behavioral outcomes in women aged 35-80. The study could help identify physiological factors underlying sex differences in Alzheimer's incidence and improve early disease detection and preventive therapies.
Researchers used machine learning to build predictive models for nine common diseases based on genetic information and blood biomarkers. Blood biomarkers provided better prediction in nearly all cases, especially for near-term risk, suggesting direct links between some measures and the pre-symptomatic phase of disease.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discovered that blood leaking into the brain triggers toxic genes in microglia, turning them into harmful cells that destroy neurons. Fibrin, a blood protein, is responsible for this process, which can lead to cognitive dysfunction and motor impairment.
Scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center discovered a link between Alzheimer's disease and hearing loss in mice, finding that plaque location in the brain may contribute to hearing decline. The study suggests that tracking disease progression through amyloid PET imaging could be a potential biomarker for hearing loss.
Defective myelin promotes disease-related changes in Alzheimer's by accelerating amyloid plaque deposition and overwhelming immune cells. Slowing down age-related myelin damage could lead to new therapies and prevent or slow down the disease.
The study used transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) to stimulate the prefrontal cortex, a region involved in cognitive function. The results showed that tPBM modulated hemodynamic and metabolic activities in a wavelength- and site-specific manner.
Researchers found that women with higher-quality cardiovascular fat during midlife had stronger long-term memory and lower inflammation, while those with lower-quality fat had worsening working memory. The study suggests that taking care of heart health during menopause may protect brain health and reduce dementia risk.
Researchers found that targeted deep-brain stimulation during a critical sleep cycle improved memory consolidation in patients with epilepsy. The study provided physiological evidence from inside the human brain supporting the main theory for how memory is consolidated during sleep.
Researchers from Boston University identified several new genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease in a study of approximately 3,500 individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. The study found strong associations with previously known variants and novel genes, including RAB3, SMAP2, and ZNF890P.
Researchers identified mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs targeted by stress granule proteins, which accumulate AD-associated gene transcripts in these structures. SGs may play a key role in regulating AD development through the impairment of protein neurohomeostasis.
A new study published in Neurology found an association between sleep apnea and reduced brain volume, particularly in the medial temporal lobe area of the brain. People with amyloid plaques who had more severe sleep apneas were also more likely to have lower brain volumes, suggesting loss of brain cells.
A new study in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease examines the effects of environmental enrichment on AD symptom progression and pathology. The researchers found that living in an enriched environment improved several measures of metabolism and reduced individual behaviors, which became more similar and rigid as the disease progressed.
Researchers found that a combination of amyloid burden and blood markers of abnormal astrocyte activation can predict Alzheimer's disease progression. Testing for these biomarkers may help identify patients at risk, enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment.
A University of Maryland study found that walking strengthened brain connectivity and improved memory in older adults with normal brain function and those diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. The research adds to the growing evidence that exercise slows cognitive decline and may delay Alzheimer's disease.
The Alzheimer's disease development pipeline has seen an increase in promising therapies and pharma investment, driving momentum in clinical trials. The pipeline currently has 187 clinical trials, with recent FDA approvals for two disease-modifying therapies, and more on the way.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new imaging technique to track changes in blood vessels in the brains of mice, which could lead to early detection of neurodegenerative diseases. The method uses advanced imaging techniques and AI algorithms to identify biomarkers that may predict disease onset.
Researchers discovered a genetic variant protecting against Alzheimer's disease alters levels of proteins and peptides linked to amyloid-beta metabolism. The APP A673T variant demonstrates effectiveness in shifting APP processing from beta-amyloidogenic to non-amyloidogenic pathways, offering a new feasible strategy for AD prevention.
Researchers found that genetic predisposition to lipids, Alzheimer's, and heart disease in the MLXIPL gene locus is shaped by exogenous exposures. Minor alleles of certain variants associated with high triglyceride levels and lower HDL-C levels, which may provide protective effects against Alzheimer's risk.
A study published in Neurology found that people with Alzheimer's disease are more likely to develop epilepsy, and those with focal epilepsy are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The study also found a link between genetic variations and increased risk of epilepsy.
A new potential drug target has been identified for Alzheimer's disease by Rensselaer researchers, focusing on the interaction between ApoE and heparan sulfate. The study suggests that modulating this interaction could slow the progression of the disease.
A UCI-led study reveals that the oldest-old, those living up to 90 years old, exhibit similar levels of brain pathology as Alzheimer's patients but with lower levels of pathology from other neurodegenerative diseases. This finding suggests these individuals may be resistant to these age-related cognitive decline.
Researchers found that apoE4 poorly binds factor H, a regulatory factor of immunity, leading to amyloid-β oligomerization and neuroinflammation. This could be a potential solution to preventing Alzheimer's disease, with further research needed to find a bridging molecule.
A new study reveals that increased sugar intake and elevated blood glucose levels can cause amyloid plaque buildup in the brain, increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers identified a metabolic sensor on neurons linked to this process, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for diabetic patients.
Researchers used a machine-learning method to identify sex-specific genes and molecular pathways contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression. The study found that females experience faster cognitive decline, while males have greater mortality rates.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that treatment with the BCG vaccine was associated with a 20% lower risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The protective association was greater in patients aged 70 years or older.
A new study by MIT scientists shows that 40 Hz vibration can reduce levels of the hallmark Alzheimer's protein phosphorylated tau, preserve neurons, and improve motor function in mouse models. This research demonstrates a third sensory modality to increase gamma power in the brain, offering new hope for Alzheimer's treatment.
Researchers identified novel genetic associations between AD and modifiable risk factors, including high HDL cholesterol concentrations and systolic blood pressure. These findings may inspire new drug targets and improved prevention strategies for AD.
A recent study found that a unique subset of microglia, ARG1+, plays a crucial role in cognitive functions and development. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. Female animals exhibited more pronounced behavioral impairments caused by ARG1 microglial deficiency.
Researchers at the University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson used AI to map molecular changes in healthy brain cells and identify upstream genetic points that trigger Alzheimer's disease. The study provides clues to the disease's origins and potential drug targets.
Researchers discovered a new genetic variant in the Reelin gene that provides protection from Alzheimer's disease. The variant was identified through clinical assessments, genetic and molecular studies, and neuropathological analysis of two patients with a similar genetic predisposition to developing early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have discovered that toxic proteins, known as tau oligomers, are transported through synapses and contribute to the decline in brain function. The study found small clumps of tau oligomers inside synapses, which can spread through the brain and lead to neuron death.
A team of researchers discovered a new mutation, E674Q, in the APP gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study found that this mutation leads to increased production of toxic amyloid beta protein, contributing to AD progression.
Researchers at UC Irvine found that exposure to traffic-related air pollution increased the risk of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models. The study showed that particulate matter impaired memory tasks and cognitive function, leading to brain plaque build-up and glial cell activation, key indicators of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have characterized the structure of amyloid-beta fibrils in the human brain, revealing their role in Alzheimer's disease progression. The study sheds light on how lecanemab, a US FDA-approved drug, exerts its protective effects by targeting these fibrils.
A team of researchers identified the substrates targeted by alpha 2-macroglobulin for degradation. They developed a novel assay to detect its role in lysosomal degradation of extracellular proteins. This finding suggests that an array of extracellular chaperones cooperate to protect against misfolded proteins.
Research from Japan reveals higher risk of depression and anxiety among older adults with dementia and poor activity participation during the pandemic. Poor activity participation was also associated with high risk of depressive symptoms and anxiety.
A UNLV study found a significant correlation between 10 specific types of gut bacteria and the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease, with certain bacteria identified as protective or risk factors. The findings suggest that an imbalance of gut microbiota may play a role in the disorder's development.
Researchers create a human-brain-like environment to study microglia development and function for the first time in living human-derived tissue. The findings suggest that brain environment influences microglia development and function, particularly in diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers from Cima University of Navarra have found that inhaling menthol improves cognitive ability in animal models of Alzheimer's disease by modulating the immune system and reducing interleukin-1-beta levels. This study opens doors to developing therapies based on stimulating and training the olfactory system.
Researchers identified the structure of a special type of amyloid beta plaque protein associated with Alzheimer's disease progression. Lecanemab, an approved AD treatment, can bind and neutralize these small aggregates, potentially slowing cognitive decline in patients with early AD.
Research published in Radiology suggests that exposure to recurrent brain trauma, such as explosions, may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid-beta protein accumulation was detected in six out of nine military instructors who were exposed to subconcussive blast injuries.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a previously unknown way in which the brain and immune system interact in multiple sclerosis. They found that the inflammatory protein interleukin-3 (IL-3) coordinates this communication, inciting the recruitment of immune cells to the brain and exacerbating brain inflammation.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new diagnostic technique called Nano-QuIC, which significantly improves protein-misfolding detection methods. The method reduces detection times from 14 hours to just four hours and increases sensitivity by a factor of ten.
Scientists are investigating how brain immune cells called microglia change shape in response to hazards using gene transcripts as molecular mediators. The goal is to gain insights into the mechanisms involved and potentially develop new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
New research from UC Berkeley suggests that deep sleep can act as a protective factor against memory decline in individuals with existing high amounts of Alzheimer's disease pathology. This study provides hope for alleviating some of dementia's most devastating outcomes.
A large study found that people with dementia are at higher risk of self-harm within the first 12 months after diagnosis. The researchers emphasize the importance of providing psychosocial and mental health supports to patients upon diagnosis, particularly men, who are more likely to develop dementia after self-harm.
A study found that high school quality is linked to better late-life cognition, particularly for those with more experienced teachers. Attending higher-quality schools may influence life trajectory and lead to better cognitive outcomes.
Exposure to air pollution is associated with worse verbal fluency and episodic memory in individuals with the APOE-4 allele. Higher levels of PM2.5 and NO2 are linked to increased cognitive decline over time, highlighting the importance of early identification and modification of modifiable risk factors.
A recent study published in Brain found that stress increases Alzheimer's risk in female mice by elevating amyloid beta levels, while male mice do not exhibit this effect. The researchers identified a cellular stress response pathway in brain cells that is active in females but not males.
A new MRI approach uses harmless glucose solution to map brain glucose metabolism, generating reliable results and potentially improving diagnosis of conditions like Alzheimer's and cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings and deploy this less-invasive method for patients.
A new study by North Carolina State University researchers used EEGs on elderly dogs to determine whether brain-wave readings during sleep correlated with signs of cognitive decline. The study found that dogs with more advanced dementia suffered from more sleep disruptions and slept less overall than dogs with normal cognitive function.