Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have identified a group of existing drugs that reduce or eliminate childhood brain tumors while sparing normal brain tissue. The zebrafish animal model system developed by the researchers closely resembles an aggressive subtype of pediatric brain tumors.
Researchers developed an MRI-based method to track the state and progression of genetically mutated brain cancer using a new biomarker 2HG. This non-invasive method provides a diagnosis when neurological risk from surgery is too high, and allows for rapid assessment of treatment response.
Researchers aim to learn about physical parameters limiting drug delivery into brain tumors to improve treatment selection for unique tumors.
A research team at UHN has identified new mutations in genes associated with schwannoma development, providing insights into the growth drivers of these tumors. The study's findings have significant implications for personalized medicine and potentially change treatment approaches for some patients with treatment-refractory schwannomas.
Researchers from UHN describe the genomic landscape of schwannomas, identifying novel mutations and a fusion protein driving tumor development. The study provides insight into personalized medicine approaches for diagnosis and treatment.
A report by Brain Tumour Research reveals that brain tumours are the biggest killer of children and young adults, with only £4 million spent on research per death. The charity is campaigning for increased funding to advance treatments and find a cure.
A phase I/II trial of dabrafenib found a high response rate in pediatric brain tumors with the BRAF V600 mutation, suggesting potential for targeted therapy. The drug showed significant improvement in tumor shrinkage and overall patient survival.
Researchers have created a new method to combat glioblastomas, a type of brain tumor that is difficult to treat. The method involves testing multiple substances on individual cancer cells from each patient and identifying effective combinations for treatment.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a micro-sized device that can detect the IDH1-R132H mutation in glioma tumors, enabling real-time identification of tumor margins during surgery. The device takes less than 15 minutes to produce results and requires only small sample sizes.
Scientists have created biocompatible nanoseeds that can be injected into tumors to deliver radioactive isotopes, reducing damage to surrounding tissue. This innovative approach has the potential to improve radiation therapy for cancer patients, particularly those with inoperable solid tumors.
A study published in Neurosurgical Focus reports the use of a minimally invasive laser procedure to treat large, 'inoperable' brain tumors, including glioblastomas. The procedure combines laser interstitial thermotherapy with a small craniotomy to remove cooked tumors and prevent swelling.
A commonly used cell line, U87MG, was found to have a different DNA profile than the original tumour it was established from. Genetic analysis revealed that the cell line likely originated from a human glioma tumour, highlighting the need for proper identification of cultured cells.
A widely used brain cancer cell line, U87MG, has been found to be of unknown origin and different from the original patient tumor. Researchers used forensic and mitochondrial DNA profiling to trace the cell line's origin, revealing a potential mix-up or cross-contamination.
A collaborative clinical trial will test the safety and efficacy of combination checkpoint inhibitors in treating children with brain tumors. The trial aims to reduce toxicities associated with standard treatments and improve long-term survival rates.
Polytechnique Montréal researchers develop nanorobotic agents that guide microscopic robots through blood vessels to deliver drugs directly to cancer cells. This breakthrough offers hope for patients with brain tumors and inoperable cancers.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology created a boron carrier system that uses albumin to target tumors, improving the delivery of boron in cancer treatment. The new system was tested on mice and showed promising results, with high concentrations of boron in tumors and low levels in healthy cells.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute identified a critical pathway driving tumor adaptation in hypoxic conditions, enabling tumor cells to survive and proliferate despite low oxygen levels. This pathway, involving the protein Akt and PDK1, has implications for glioma treatment and potential therapeutic targets.
Dr Matthew Baker has won an international award for his pioneering research on diagnosing brain tumours using vibrational spectroscopy. His work enables the development of accurate and efficient clinical diagnostics.
Patients with three or fewer metastatic brain tumors who received stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone had less cognitive deterioration and improved quality of life compared to those who received SRS combined with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, found that ...
Case Western Reserve University researchers uncover key surface proteins in brain tumors that allow them to evade the immune system. The study found that blocking protein Cdk5 enables CD4+ T cells to remove tumor cells, suggesting a potential new therapy for brain cancer.
Researchers found that circulating tumor DNA is smaller than healthy DNA in cancer patients, allowing for more accurate detection through a simple blood draw. This advancement could enable earlier detection of solid tumors, potentially saving lives.
Researchers have identified a possible target for a new therapy for children with primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), the most aggressive type of brain cancer in kids. The study found that inhibiting MEK activity is essential for these tumors to grow, paving the way for potential new treatment options.
Scientists at Newcastle University have made a groundbreaking discovery that brain tumour cells use fats to make energy, not sugars as previously believed. This new understanding has significant implications for developing treatments for glioma, the most common form of primary malignant brain tumour.
Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München have developed a novel antibody targeting carbonic anhydrase XII, which is overexpressed in cancer cells, with the goal of improving treatment options for glioblastoma patients. The antibody conjugated with lutetium-177 can deliver lethal doses to tumor cells directly.
Researchers at Ohio State University have found that high blood sugar is associated with a lower risk of developing meningiomas, a type of benign brain tumor. Women with the highest fasting blood sugar levels were less than half as likely to develop a tumor.
A large observational study found that university-educated individuals are more likely to develop certain types of brain tumors, including gliomas and meningiomas. Men with higher education were 19% more likely to develop glioma, while women were 23% more likely.
The extent of resection in glioblastoma patients was found to be associated with improved overall and progression-free survival. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients who underwent gross total resection (GTR) showed a significant increase in one-year and two-year survival rates compared to those with subtotal resection or biopsy.
A new laboratory test developed by Johns Hopkins Medicine accurately clocks the 'speed' of human brain tumor cell movement, which may predict how quickly and aggressively a given cancer might lethally spread. The assay has been tested on 14 glioblastoma patients and showed promising results in predicting clinical outcomes.
Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes associated with glioblastoma multiforme survival. The eight-gene signature is linked to shorter survival times and more rapid disease progression, but may also identify potential targets for treatment.
Researchers at Umeå University found significant differences in vitamin E metabolites between healthy individuals and those with brain tumors. Further studies are needed to verify the link.
Researchers identified a specific enzyme and signaling pathway involved in resistance to treatment, which can be targeted by other drugs for improved outcomes. Glioblastoma multiforme tumors were shown to manipulate their surrounding environment to evade therapy, leading to longer survival when treated with combination therapies.
A recent study by Uppsala University researchers found that genetic analyses in dogs can identify genes linked to human brain tumors, specifically gliomas. The study identified three genes associated with glioma development in dogs, which are also present in humans and show reduced activity in tumor tissue.
A clinical study reveals that glioblastoma subtypes develop in distinct brain regions, shedding light on the origins of these aggressive brain cancers. The discovery may lead to more effective personalized treatment approaches by identifying specific subtype markers.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute have developed a new imaging tool that enables neurosurgeons to visualize brain tumor cells in real-time during surgery. This technology, known as confocal laser endomicroscopy, allows surgeons to identify and characterize tumor tissue more accurately than traditional methods.
A gene known as OSMR plays a key role in driving the growth of glioblastoma tumors, according to a new study. Researchers discovered that by disabling OSMR, glioblastoma cells lose their ability to form tumors in mice, suggesting a potential target for treatments.
Researchers have found that a protein called OSMR is required for glioblastoma tumours to form, and blocking its activity prevents tumours from forming in mouse brains. The study also suggests that this protein could be a potential target for new therapies for other cancers with high EGFR expression.
Researchers from Penn Medicine and Harvard University have developed a novel CAR T cell therapy that targets glioblastoma, a deadly brain cancer. The phase I trial has shown promising results, with patients experiencing significant expansion of engineered T cells in their blood and infiltration of tumors.
Researchers have developed a method that uses laser pulses to identify brain tumors without labeling or staining, providing histological detail comparable to conventional techniques. The technique allows for fast and accurate diagnosis in the operating room, potentially enabling real-time tumor detection before surgery.
Researchers have slowed glioblastoma tumor growth in mouse models using a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet. The modified diet increased life expectancy by 50% and reduced tumor progression by a similar amount.
Researchers at Sanford Research have created an animal model to study choroid plexus carcinoma, a pediatric brain tumor. The study identified a new genetic pathway and targeted the Sonic Hedgehog protein as a potential treatment.
Two studies from Massachusetts General Hospital suggest that targeting both VEGF and Ang-2 pathways can normalize tumor blood vessels and shift immune cells towards an anti-tumor state. This approach has shown promise in slowing glioblastoma growth and improving survival rates.
Castro aims to develop novel immunotherapies for brain cancer using cutting-edge technology, including genetically engineered mouse models and gene transfer technologies. Her research focuses on understanding the tumor immune-microenvironment and its response to therapeutics.
A small clinical study using the anticancer drug bevacizumab has restored hearing in a handful of people with neurofibromatosis type 2, who previously suffered from progressive hearing loss. The treatment showed promise in reducing tumor size without affecting nerve function.
Innovative chemotherapy delivery methods for brain tumors are explored, including intra-arterial delivery, osmotic disruption, and implantable polymers. These strategies aim to enhance therapeutic agent distribution in the CNS, raising interest in the oncology community.
Researchers found PGK1 plays a key role in coordinating cellular processes for cancer metabolism and brain tumor formation. The enzyme promotes energy production through the Warburg effect, leading to rapid cancer growth.
Researchers at KU Leuven have developed a novel cell-based immunotherapy that combines chemotherapy, inducing specific type of cell death in brain cancer cells. This approach stimulates the immune system to attack and activate dendritic cells, resulting in a drastically increased survival rate of mice with brain tumors.
Researchers developed a novel brain tumor model in mice with DNA damage-repair problems, which can help test new treatments for children's brain cancer. The model shows that treating tumors with DNA-damaging drugs can shrink them more effectively and improve survival.
Researchers analyzed myeloid lineage immune cells in glioblastoma patients, revealing non-polarized cell state and potential therapeutic strategy. The study suggests stimulating these cells to adopt an anti-tumor identity may be effective.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the German Cancer Research Center have identified four new subtypes of a rare childhood brain tumor using molecular techniques. This discovery is expected to improve diagnosis accuracy and treatment options for these hard-to-treat cancers.
A new report from the American Brain Tumor Association reveals that malignant brain tumors are the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39. The study, which analyzed data from 2008-2012, also found a shift towards high-grade tumors with increasing age.
Researchers have found that laser ablation creates a temporary opening in the blood-brain barrier, allowing chemotherapy drugs to pass into the brain. This breakthrough raises hopes for longer treatment options and improved patient outcomes.
Using laser probe, neurosurgeons deliver chemotherapy drugs to patients with glioblastoma after opening the blood-brain barrier. The technology allows for longer treatment windows and potentially limits harmful effects of chemotherapy.
Lund University scientists discovered that malignant tumors consume more sugar than surrounding tissue, making sugar a promising non-synthetic contrast agent. The study's results suggest the potential to reduce medical care costs by replacing metal-based agents with sugar-based alternatives.
A multi-institutional report presents the first known experience of robotic nephrectomy for inferior vena cava tumor thrombus, achieving favorable outcomes and reproducibility in surgeons with adequate robotic experience. Complications were relatively minor, but some patient deaths occurred despite minimally invasive approach
Researchers created a combined MRI and ultramicroscopy toolkit to study vessel growth in glioma models, providing better understanding of underlying mechanisms and potential novel targets for future drug development. The technique helped assess the effects of existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments on tumour growth.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that adult survivors of childhood brain tumors exhibit significant cognitive deficits in intelligence, educational achievement, and employment. The study also showed that hydrocephalus is associated with poor cognitive function, even decades after treatment.
The UPMC-developed GlioSeq test provides rapid and accurate profiling of genetic abnormalities in brain tumors, guiding treatment planning. This next-generation sequencing test identifies previously known alterations as well as new molecular markers, enabling personalized management of patients.
Researchers identified a pivotal role of the Miz1 protein in determining tumor identity and its interaction with Myc proteins driving group 3 medulloblastoma. The study suggests targeting the Miz1-Myc complex may suppress the spread of group 3 tumors.
Researchers at Salk Institute identify nuclear factor kB as a key player in glioblastoma multiforme proliferation. Targeting this protein with NBD peptide or Timp1 gene slows tumor growth and increases mouse survival time, offering potential new treatment avenues.
Researchers discovered a novel pathway to cancer that involves the misfolding of the genome and IDH mutations. This disruption allows a potent growth factor gene to be activated by an always-on gene switch, leading to cancer growth.