Articles tagged with Meteorology
Research finds that flash droughts are becoming more frequent due to human-caused climate change, posing a major challenge for climate adaptation. The transition to flash droughts is predicted to accelerate in a warmer future, with irreversible impacts on ecosystems.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new method of digitally simulating hurricanes using AI techniques, accurately representing the trajectory and wind speeds of real storms. The simulations can help develop improved guidelines for building design in hurricane-prone regions.
A new study introduces a scale to measure atmospheric river intensity, enabling the identification of hotspots for the most intense events worldwide. The scale helps communities prepare for both beneficial and destructive effects of these storms, with AR-5 events occurring only once every two to three years.
A record-breaking heatwave in the Pacific Northwest in June 2021 was attributed to a strong high-pressure ridge, which intensified when an atmospheric river moved into Alaska, releasing massive amounts of moisture. The air was exceptionally hot when brought down to the surface due to its temperature aloft.
A new model investigates long-term temporal trends in synoptic-scale weather conditions favoring significant tornado occurrence over the central United States. The study suggests that specific weather patterns have contributed to increased tornado activity in this region.
A team of researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University and other institutions has identified a flexible and user-friendly model for predicting flood frequency in a changing environment. The fractional polynomial-based regression method is more effective than existing models, which often fail to account for factors like climate ...
Experimental physicists discovered that water impurities become entrapped within icicles, creating chevron patterns and ripple effects. The study reveals that internal patterns are connected to external shapes, leading to a deeper understanding of natural ice formations.
Researchers analyzed observational data from a major field campaign in 2020 and found that trade-wind clouds' contribution to climate warming has been overestimated. The study shows that the clouds are more resilient to global warming than previously thought, which can improve the accuracy of future climate projections.
A new study by the University of Arizona found that tropical cyclones often follow extreme heat, which can be a major hazard after a storm. The research team analyzed 53 tropical cyclones and found that cities' heat index values were always warmer than average after the storm.
Researchers at the University of the Basque Country analyzed beach safety flags and their management in Northern Spain, finding a lack of uniformity in colors, shapes, and sizes. A standardized system could improve safety, especially with inadequate signage and double markings that provide contradictory information.
A new study predicts that climate change will increase rainbow viewing opportunities in northern latitudes and high elevations, while decreasing them in tropical regions. The research used photographs from Flickr to map rainbow occurrences under current and future climates.
The energy of North Atlantic Tropical cyclones comes from ocean heat content, with peak intensities related to extratropical North Atlantic heat. Coastal upwelling affects subsurface ocean temperatures, correlating with TC peak intensity on an interdecadal timescale.
Researchers find that midwinter suppression in the North Pacific is driven by differences in upper- and lower-level eddy growth properties. The study reveals that upper-level eddies are more complex, with growth suppressed during cold season, but near-jet exit can grow normally.
Scientists have found that complex terrain enhances secondary haze formation by blocking pollutants and accelerating chemical transformation. This leads to a positive feedback loop where thick haze aloft intensifies interactions between aerosols and the planetary boundary layer, exacerbating pollution in mountainous areas.
A Japanese research group discovered that the leaf area index of mixed-forests influences seasonal changes in the formation of a nocturnal cold-air pool at a small mountain basin. The study found that weakening of the nighttime temperature inversion occurred during leaf expansion, while strengthening occurred after leaf fall.
A case study in Laos explores the application of climate services for agriculture, demonstrating improved agricultural planning and decision-making through ICT-based platforms like LaCSA. The project successfully co-created agromet services with local stakeholders, increasing capacities and promoting resilience to climate risks.
New research from the University of Georgia found at least 479 people were injured and 28 died worldwide in more than 130 bounce house accidents due to weather events. Basic precautions such as securing bounce houses could have prevented many accidents.
Researchers from Colorado State University have made direct observations of ice nucleating particles in the central Arctic, revealing strong seasonality and seasonal changes. These findings provide crucial insights into the effects of climate change on clouds and precipitation patterns.
Researchers from PSU and WSU aim to understand how atmospheric ridges impact the region's climate. The project will investigate how ridges respond to global warming and its effects on heatwaves, droughts, and wildfires.
Researchers found a tripole winter precipitation change pattern in the late 1990s around the Tibetan Plateau, affecting eastern India, southern China, and northern regions. This pattern was triggered by changes in tropical Pacific SSTs and influenced by regional circulation patterns.
A study found that climatic conditions during the extreme 2021 spring drought in SWC were distinct from similar historical events. Researchers identified atmospheric internal variability and a warming trend as key drivers of the drought, with high temperatures contributing significantly to its severity.
Researchers from The University of Tokyo developed a novel machine-learning approach to predict local precipitation with high accuracy. By recognizing complex relationships in meteorological data, they created a bias correction method that produced accurate hourly estimates of precipitation.
The world's ocean is losing its year-to-year memory due to global warming, making it harder to predict ocean conditions. This decline in ocean memory will have significant impacts on fisheries management, population estimates, and land-based weather forecasts.
A new study projects that climate change will more than double the frequency of intense tropical cyclones globally by 2050, increasing maximum wind speeds by up to 20%. This will disproportionately affect low-income countries and regions that are not currently prone to these events.
A severe rainstorm over Kauai in April 2018 resulted in $180 million in damage and 532 homes destroyed. The study found that supercell thunderstorms triggered the deluge, which set a new US 24-hour rainfall record of nearly 50 inches.
Researchers have used computer simulations to show that small adjustments to certain variables can modify weather systems, mimicking the 'butterfly attractor' phenomenon in chaos theory. This approach could lead to weather control technology and prevent extreme windstorms.
The frequency of thunderstorms in some fast-growing African coastal cities has doubled over the past 30 years, mostly linked to land use change. Deforestation exacerbates storm activity, causing increased rainfall and flooding in urban areas.
Scientists use a modified drone with a radiation shield to collect high-quality atmospheric data in polar regions. The study shows that the low-cost drone provides accurate data comparable to radiosondes, expanding the observational network and improving weather forecasts.
A Dartmouth team compiled a global-scale dataset to show how uncertainties over determining snow depth can actually improve predictions of water availability. The approach leverages observational and definitional uncertainties to make better assessments of snow droughts and their impacts.
A new study reveals how Earth's volatile elements, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon, were formed through a combination of deep Earth processes, oceans' formation, and meteor impacts. The research suggests that these elements played a crucial role in creating the habitable environment necessary for life to emerge.
A recent study reveals that tropospheric temperature affects tropical cyclone peak intensities in distinct ways across different basins. In the North Atlantic, significant cooling of the tropopause strengthens peak intensity, while warming in the lower troposphere is associated with strong eastern Pacific TCs.
Researchers identified 'hotspots' for flash droughts globally, including regions with high agricultural production, and found that half of the contributing factor is a lack of rainfall and hot weather conditions. This study provides a foundation to build off and explore key questions regarding future trends of flash drought occurrence.
A new proposed scheme has been developed to seamlessly detect cutoff lows and preexisting troughs in a consistent and integrated manner. The scheme uses an automated numerical approach to extract the locations, intensities, and sizes of these features from snapshot upper tropospheric weather map data.
Researchers found that stronger hurricanes trap and transport more birds due to their intense winds and thunderstorms. The study used radar data from 33 Atlantic hurricanes between 2011 and 2020, revealing a correlation between hurricane intensity and the presence of birds within the eye.
A new study by Dr. Benjamin Byron demonstrates the ability of the Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project to determine the composition of lunar surface areas using far-UV light reflectance. This method normalizes surface maturity features, revealing a close correlation with composition maps from other regions.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that warm sea surface temperature conditions in the Indian Ocean contribute to anomalous weather events in East Asia, including record-breaking rainfall and severe flooding. The study suggests a link between warming Indian Ocean conditions and stagnation of the Meiyu-Baiu rainband.
A new study incorporated water vapor isotope compositions into a general circulation model to improve forecast accuracy by several percentage points. The Isotope-incorporated Global Spectral Model (IsoGSM) demonstrated improved modeling of air temperature and specific humidity.
Naoko Sakaeda, a University of Oklahoma weather researcher, has received a $652,000 NSF CAREER award to study tropical meteorology and improve global weather forecasting. Her research aims to better understand the dynamics of tropical clouds and precipitation at various scales.
Researchers found that local emissions significantly contribute to the formation of regional haze and particle growth in Beijing. The study suggests that a reduction of anthropogenic gaseous precursors can suppress particle growth, leading to haze alleviation.
An international team of researchers estimated China's carbon mitigation efforts, revealing the country reabsorbs 45% of its annual human-made CO2 emissions through forest growth. The study used newly available data and independent satellite measurements to corroborate findings.
A record-breaking spring temperature event occurred in eastern China in 2018, with over 900 stations reaching their highest spring mean temperature on record. The analysis suggests that both human-induced global warming and anomalous circulation increased the chance of this extreme high-temperature event.
A study found that long-term exposure to PM2.5 in China is associated with a significant mortality burden, accounting for 30.8 million premature deaths between 2000 and 2016.
A recent study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences estimates that the Yangtze River Delta region contributes around one-third of China's total hydrofluorocarbon emissions. The study found that the region has a higher emissions intensity per capita, area, and GDP compared to national and global levels, with HFC-23 being the pr...
Lockdowns led to significant reductions in nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter pollution globally, with decreases of up to 60% in some regions. However, surface ozone levels increased by a factor of 1.5-2 in northern China due to decreased nitrogen dioxide pollution.
Researchers Xu Dahai and Chen Junming investigated the physical and chemical origin of secondary fine particles in haze. They defined atmospheric self-purification ability and established equations to analyze key factors forming secondary fine particles, revealing their macro mechanism and synergistic effect. The study provides a quant...
Summer surface ozone levels in China rose in four major cities between 2013 and 2017 due to decreasing particulate matter emissions. This increase can slow the natural cleanup of hydroperoxy radicals from aerosols, sparking concerns about anthropogenic ozone precursor emissions.
Research reveals a significant relationship between the Silk Road Pattern and Eurasian climate anomalies, particularly in strong north-jet years. Stronger-than-usual Rossby wave source anomalies contribute to this link, suggesting more attention be given to these years.
Researchers studied northern hemisphere boreal forests from 1979-2014 and found that spring recovery after snowmelt advanced by an average of 8.1 days, corresponding to a 3.7% increase in gross primary production per decade.
A recent article showcases long-term international collaboration in atmospheric sciences through annotated group photographs from two workshops, separated by over 95 years. This highlights the importance of human connection in scientific research and the value of visual datasets.
The Antarctic Peninsula has entered a temporary cooling phase, driven by the stabilization of the ozone hole and changing wind patterns. Temperatures remain higher than pre-20th Century levels despite glacial retreat.
The Volkswagen Foundation has selected four research projects from over 200 applications, focusing on young academics and independent of current conflicts. The projects cover Slavonic Studies, Hydrosciences, Mathematics, and Physics, with a particular emphasis on transboundary rivers and domain wall conductivity.
A new study reveals that Mediterranean sea levels have risen by over 1mm per year since 1989, with the trend being positive in winter and negative in summer. The researchers analyzed data from 1948 to 2009 and compared it with real-time measurements to validate their results.
Michael E. Mann received the 2014 Pongo Environmental Award for his groundbreaking research on global warming and strong advocacy for climate protection. The award recognizes his work in providing crucial global temperature data and a compelling case for global warming, as well as his leadership as a climate warrior.
Researchers at Penn State have redefined the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), finding that its true signal was likely in a cooling phase in recent decades. This shift may have offset some of the anthropogenic warming, resulting in a temporary slowdown in global warming.
Scientists warn that plants and soils could react to warming by releasing additional carbon dioxide, increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. The study found vast potential range in future terrestrial carbon storage, posing challenges for climate change risk management.
Wyngaard and Thompson are honored for their contributions to understanding atmospheric turbulence and ozone dynamics. They received the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal and Verner E. Suomi Award, respectively.
The research aims to determine the impacts of various emission sources on fine particle concentrations in Santiago de Chile. The study reveals that transport is the biggest source of fine particles in the city.
The EU-funded ESAIL project aims to develop the laboratory prototypes of key electric sail components. A full-scale electric sail is estimated to produce a continuous thrust of one newton while weighing only 100 kg.
Meteorology Professor Evgeni Fedorovich has been recognized with the Humboldt Research Award for his contributions to fundamental discoveries in atmospheric flow dynamics. He will conduct research on numerical algorithms for simulating turbulent flows in Germany.
Dr. David Yap receives prestigious Amethyst Award from Ontario Public Service for his work combating air pollution in Canada and the United States. The award recognizes his contributions to developing air quality management programs, including the Air Quality Index and Smog Alert Programs.