Articles tagged with Europe
A new fish species, Platichthys solemdali, has been discovered in the Baltic Sea and officially recognized as an endemic species. The species can be distinguished from its European counterpart through genetic methods or by studying their eggs and sperm.
Researchers analyzed European interbank market behavior before, during, and after the 2008 financial crisis. They found correlation networks became increasingly interconnected during the crisis, while physical networks experienced a decline in internal connections. This study suggests using network analysis to predict future crises.
A review of Asian transport microenvironments found pedestrians exposed to up to 1.6 times higher fine particle levels than in European cities, while car drivers face nine times more pollution. The study highlights a significant gap in research on rural and semi-rural city exposure to air pollution.
A research team from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found the fingerprint of a massive flood of fresh water in the western Arctic, which is believed to have caused an ancient cold snap around 13,000 years ago. The cause of this event, known as the Younger Dryas, has remained a mystery for decades.
The number of scientific publications in the Web of Science has skyrocketed, increasing by 72.81% from 31,690 to 54,764 documents between 2007 and 2016. This growth is attributed to an increase in international collaborations.
Ancient DNA analysis suggests that dogs followed humans over a land bridge and spread across the Americas. The dogs persisted for thousands of years but nearly disappeared after European colonization, likely due to disease and forced cultural changes.
The journal has published 4103 articles, 45 newly described animal families, and 8977 species, with a focus on open access and collaboration. Recent issues include a study on mid-sized carnivores in urbanized Europe and the discovery of a new shrub frog species in China.
A study published in Nature Communications found that testosterone increases men's preference for luxury products associated with high social status, rather than power or quality. The research team tested 243 male participants and found a causal link between testosterone levels and increased liking for status-enhancing goods.
Since the world's first test-tube baby was born in 1978, over 8 million babies have been conceived through IVF, with a record 157,449 babies born in Europe in 2015. European pregnancy rates for IVF and ICSI have stabilized at around 36%, while egg donation treatments have seen significant rises, with pregnancy rates now at about 50%.
New Hubble data reveals `Oumuamua is most likely a comet, venting material from its surface due to solar heating. The boost in speed, detected by NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, suggests cometary outgassing.
Researchers found that `Oumuamua is venting material from its surface due to solar heating, causing a tiny boost in speed. This outgassing behavior is typical for comets and contradicts the previous classification of `O'uamua as an interstellar asteroid.
Researchers simulated future climate under Paris Climate Goals, finding a significant reduction in heat-related mortality if the lower goal of 1.5°C is met. The study's findings highlight the importance of adhering to the Paris Agreement goals to prevent heat-related health impacts.
A large-scale analysis found higher relational mobility in North America, Europe, and Latin America compared to Asia and the Middle East, associated with increased personal self-esteem, closeness in friendship, and proactive behavior. Societal threats and subsistence style also influenced relational mobility scores.
A new airborne remote-imaging method can identify olive tree infections caused by the devastating bacterium Xylella fastidiosa before visible symptoms appear. This detection enables rapid containment and culling of infected trees, crucial in controlling the spread of the disease across southern Europe's iconic orchards.
A regional climate model found that deforestation could lead to a slight annual cooling overall, but with big differences locally. Northern and eastern Europe cooled while western and central Europe warmed. Deforestation also increased summer temperature extremes.
A new report analyzes 30 years of economic and migration data, revealing that asylum seekers have a positive impact on host countries' economies. Asylum seekers take longer than migrants to have a positive effect but still contribute significantly to tax revenues and improve public finances.
A new study explores the phenomenon of radicalized European youth, finding that adolescent psychopathology plays a role in the radicalization process. The study proposes a comprehensive three-level model to explain the phenomenon, which considers individual, micro-environmental, and macro-environmental factors.
Economists estimate that asylum seekers have a positive impact on the economy of host countries after becoming permanent residents. The study analyzed 30 years of data from 15 Western European countries and found that an increase in migration flows produces positive effects on GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and public finances.
A study examining the rate of incident malignancy in patients with RA who newly started on tocilizumab or a TNFi found no significant differences. The incidence of malignancy per 100 person-years ranged from 0.83 to 2.32 in TCZ patients and from 0.96 to 2.15 in TNFi patients.
A study of over 1.23 million Medicare beneficiaries found a significant association between gout and increased risk of dementia in the elderly. Gout was linked to a 17-20% higher risk of dementia, with the risk being highest in older age groups, females, and people with comorbidities.
Researchers have found that canakinumab significantly reduced the rate of gout flares in patients with stable atherosclerosis by more than half. Serum urate levels were not affected by canakinumab, but it was shown to reduce high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels.
Lenabasum demonstrates significant clinical benefit in treating diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc), improving symptoms such as skin thickening, joint pain, and lung disease. The treatment has acceptable safety and tolerability with no severe or serious adverse events.
Research suggests that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a causal role in the cardiovascular risk of patients with osteoarthritis. A study found that over two-thirds of the increased cardiovascular risk associated with osteoarthritis is linked to NSAID use, particularly for congestive heart failure and ischemic heart ...
A 23-year follow-up study suggests early, intensive treatment of rheumatoid arthritis can lead to long-term benefits, including normalization of mortality rates. The study found that patients treated with a combination of medications had lower mortality rates compared to those treated with a single medication.
A study found significantly higher gum disease prevalence in at-risk RA individuals compared to healthy controls. Increased abundance of bacteria, particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis, was also detected in at-risk individuals.
The article surveys the landscape of lead discovery tactics, explaining how researchers are combining different approaches to achieve success. The toolbox of approaches is evolving as new science emerges, including complex cellular models and computational techniques.
Pregnancies in women with rheumatoid arthritis are associated with an increased risk of low birth weight, prematurity, and small size at birth. However, there were no reported adverse outcomes for the mothers themselves, except for premature delivery.
The ESMO 2020 Annual Congress will bring together oncology professionals from over 150 countries to learn about the latest advances in cancer treatment. The congress will feature a programme developed by international experts under the leadership of Prof John Haanen, NKI Amsterdam.
A study found that daily text messages to remind patients to take allopurinol significantly improved adherence rates and serum urate levels in gout patients. After 12 weeks, 88.1% of intervention group patients were considered adherent, compared to none in the control group.
The Youth-R-Coach program, presented at EULAR 2018, enables young people with rheumatic or musculoskeletal diseases to become 'experts-by-experience' and provide insights into living with chronic illness. Participants develop self-written books based on their personal experiences to act as a source of support for peers.
A population study shows that individuals with AS are almost twice as likely to self-harm compared to their comparators. The most frequent method of self-harm is poisoning or self-mutilation. This study highlights the need for routine evaluation of self-harm behavior in patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis.
A phase II clinical study of baricitinib demonstrated significant clinical improvements in SLE patients, while a randomized controlled trial showed the live attenuated shingles vaccine was well-tolerated and effective in preventing infection in stable SLE patients.
A study found that decreased physical performance and greater structural disease severity are associated with a higher risk of experiencing depressive symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The study suggests using a combined treatment strategy to target both conditions.
Herbert Edelsbrunner, a renowned researcher in computational geometry and topology, has been awarded the 2018 Wittgenstein Prize. The prize will support his research, enabling him to establish Austria as a leading center for this field.
Researchers from Uppsala University have discovered evidence of large-scale whaling in north Scandinavia dating back to the mid-6th century CE. The production of whalebone gaming pieces reveals a regular supply of whalebone was needed, indicating extensive whaling practices.
A global collaboration, CSEP, has been studying earthquake forecast models to assess their performance and predict future seismic activity. The experiments have shed light on the predictability of earthquakes, with some models proving useful for real-time warnings during major earthquakes.
Researchers have found that demographics and Latino populations shifting in southwest Kansas are leading to linguistic changes in English. Young people, even those who don't speak Spanish, are adopting staccato syllables and vowel pronunciations characteristic of Spanish-speaking communities.
Researchers created a genetic family tree of the Ebola epidemic, revealing its spread between 2013-2016. Closing international borders proved effective in slowing down the virus, while local measures had little impact.
A new FotoQuest Go app allows citizens to collect pictures and information on land use and land cover in Europe. The app helps monitor changes in the local environment, providing valuable data for researchers. Citizen scientists can earn money by completing quests and contributing to the project's financially supported campaign.
In-school football training has been shown to improve the physical fitness and health of schoolgirls aged 10-12, including those with no prior experience. The study found significant reductions in blood pressure, improvements in muscle strength and balance, and enhanced jumping performance.
A large-scale study found that tree fungi communities are stressed by pollution across 20 European countries. The study revealed thresholds of essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus beyond which the community of mycorrhizal fungi changes.
European countries showed no short-term aggravation of health inequalities following the 2008 financial crisis. In fact, mortality trends among low and high education levels remained steady in western European countries, while a decline in less-than-good self-assessed health accelerated in some eastern European nations.
Research published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that stressful jobs are associated with a higher risk of atrial fibrillation. The study included 13,200 participants and found that employees with stressful jobs were almost 50% more likely to develop the condition.
A new study by Lund University suggests that removing exhaust fumes from a smaller European city could prevent 55-93 premature deaths and reduce cases of childhood asthma, bronchitis, and dementia. The study found that even below EU air pollution levels, negative health effects exist.
The European Union's action plan aims to address antimicrobial resistance through strong national controls, further research, and global collaboration. The EU plan also prioritizes interoperability in healthcare, including e-prescriptions and personal health records.
New research reveals metal-related pollution began in the Balkans over 500 years before appearing in western Europe. The study provides a new perspective on metallurgy and economic change in the region, confirming the Balkans played a significant role in mineral exploitation during the Dark Ages and Medieval Period.
A new device developed by Sensia Solutions can detect gas leaks and measure their amount, providing a solution to this problem at an affordable price. The technology has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint from gas leaks by up to 70%.
Researchers from the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation developed a fully automated screening system that solves the slow and low-throughput problem of high-throughput screening in flow cytometry. The system achieves a throughput of 50,000 wells per day, enabling robust phenotypic drug discovery.
The 5G-Crosshaul consortium developed a transport network that integrates backhaul and fronthaul, enabling flexible and software-defined reconfiguration of networking elements. This configuration allows for high-capacity transmission and low-latency switching.
A study measuring RF-EMF exposure in over 500 European children found average total personal exposure to be 75.5 microWatts per square meter, well below the established reference levels.
Researchers uncovered a continuous record of past anthropogenic lead pollution in the Balkans, dating back to the Bronze Age. The study suggests that the region played a key role in European mining and metallurgy, with lead pollution levels increasing steadily from the Iron Age to the 17th century
A new study has mapped over 3.4 million acres of Europe's last wild forests, revealing that primary forests are widely distributed throughout the continent. The study highlights the importance of preserving these remaining fragments of primary forest, which provide exceptional ecological values and habitat for biodiversity.
A team of scientists has developed a new analysis scheme to model dynamic cascading failures in power grids, taking into account the specific network dynamics between individual failures. This approach predicts potentially endangered lines and network components, enabling proactive risk assessments and system planning.
The prevalence of morbid obesity is expected to reach 11% in Wales, 8% in England, and 5% in Scotland by 2035. This trend is projected to have huge health and financial implications for healthcare systems and society.
Scientists have linked ocean currents to the spread of invasive jellyfish Mnemiopsis leidyi in European waters. The study, which collected over 12,000 data points, shows that these species can travel up to 2000 kilometers within three months.
A new study finds that chemsex disclosure is associated with higher rates of new HIV diagnoses, as well as Hepatitis C and other STIs. Researchers urge at-risk GBMSM to access pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and increase public awareness about the potential consequences of chemsex.
Chinese consumers mistrust domestic food supply chains, seeking safer imported EU products with clear country of origin labels. To capitalize on this demand, European producers can enhance product safety and authenticity through third-party certifications and tamperproof seals.
The latest WHO data shows that southern European countries have the highest rate of child obesity, with rates ranging from 5% to 9% in countries such as France and Norway. However, some countries like Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Greece have seen a decrease in childhood obesity rates due to significant efforts in management and prevention.
A nearly 130-million-year-old fossilized skull found in Utah is evidence that the super-continental split occurred more recently than previously thought. The study suggests that early mammal relatives migrated across several continents during the Early Cretaceous period, occupying various niches similar to modern mammals.
Experts call on UK health professionals to support a 'people's vote' to protect public health as Brexit poses significant threats to the NHS, including reduced funding and access issues.