Articles tagged with Conflicts Of Interest
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The new research integrity toolkit, created with and for early career researchers, addresses common questions and provides practical advice to avoid integrity pitfalls. The comprehensive guide covers the principles of research integrity, including determining authorship credit, understanding plagiarism, and handling integrity concerns.
A study found that 43% of public speakers at FDA advisory committee meetings report a conflict of interest, leading to biased opinions on drug approval. Patients and family members with personal experience using the drug supported approval in most cases, while public health advocates were more likely to oppose it.
A new article by University of Bath academics highlights the urgent need to address conflicts of interest with industries causing harm, such as tobacco and ultra-processed food. The authors argue that excluding these industries from policy-making is essential to restore trust in public institutions and prevent ill health.
The study found that almost half of researchers have experienced the Gollum effect, with two-thirds reporting repeated encounters. The phenomenon undermines scientific progress and disproportionately affects early-career and less established researchers.
Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) steer Medicare patients to their own pharmacies, with PBM-owned pharmacies capturing over 60% market share in certain drug classes. The study suggests that the 'any willing pharmacy' rules may be preventing PBMs from gaining significant market share in Medicare.
A new analysis reveals critical gaps in the UK's self-regulated system for disclosing payments from drug companies to healthcare professionals and organisations. The study finds billions of pounds in untraceable research payments and non-research payments lack clarity, with significant breaches by major companies. Researchers are calli...
A new study highlights the risk of patient organizations losing independence due to funding from pharmaceutical companies. Researchers propose establishing a single database to track payments made to patient groups, doctors, and hospitals to improve transparency.
A recent study published in Social Science & Medicine reveals the complexities of conducting cannabis research in Canada, where researchers face structural barriers and concerns about scientific integrity. The study suggests key solutions to increase public funding, enhance transparency, and promote independence in research.
A new study calls for the adoption of new research ethics policies to foster learning and discussion of ethical issues. The guidelines aim to shift from compliance-based ethics to promoting ethical norms and practices.
A study found that more than half of the top US physicians who reviewed research for major medical journals received industry payments, with most being for research purposes. The payments may have implications for conflicts of interest and research outcomes, highlighting a need for transparency in the medical publishing system.
A UT Arlington study suggests that speaking up is key to ethical decision-making in research groups. The researchers found that fostering an environment where everyone feels empowered to voice concerns can help prevent unethical behavior. An 'ethical champion' who steps up to speak out against potential issues was a common finding.
Countries rated more highly when their finance ministers know top executives in credit ratings agencies, reveals new research led by Heriot-Watt University. Developing countries benefit seven times more from higher ratings than developed counterparts due to professional connections.
Research by economists at University of East Anglia and others found links between finance ministers and executives at biggest credit ratings agencies associated with higher ratings for countries without these connections, highlighting a conflict-of-interest problem in the credit ratings agency business model.
The BMJ investigation found that nine of the FDA's past 10 commissioners have ties to the drug industry, including Margaret Hamburg, who had relationships with regulated companies before and after her stint at the FDA. Despite pledging to divest, she and her husband retained significant holdings in an exclusive hedge fund.
A group of 350 scientists from over 60 countries call for a legally binding global treaty to prohibit the production of hazardous plastics chemicals and adopt science-based approaches. They advocate for an independent scientific body with robust conflict of interest policy and regional representation.
US physicians received over $12 billion in industry payments between 2013 and 2022, with the largest amounts going to a small number of doctors. Payments varied widely across specialties, with some receiving over $1 million.
A study published by Geisinger College faculty and graduate students found that 55% of DSM-5-TR panel members received payments from industry, highlighting the need for stricter standards. The researchers argue that individuals with financial ties to industry should not have decision-making authority in guideline development.
A group of 35 scientists calls out conflicts of interest in global plastic treaty negotiations, which have hindered timely action on health and environmental issues. They recommend implementing guidelines to prevent industry influence on the UN's Science Policy Panel on chemicals, citing past examples of pollution protection dilution.
A recent study in JAMA Network Open explores COVID-19 vaccine refusal and willingness, highlighting trust in health authorities as a crucial factor. The research suggests that building trust in healthcare professionals, experts, and public health agencies is essential for overcoming pandemic-related vaccine hesitancy.
Royal colleges have received £9m in payments from drug and medical device companies since 2015 but often don't disclose these payments publicly. The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges should coordinate standardised disclosure, increasing trust and informed discussion about payment governance.
The BMJ investigation found that pharmaceutical companies contributed £7.5 million to royal colleges between 2015-2022, mainly for events and grants. Critics argue that voluntary industry transparency initiatives do not go far enough and do not guarantee full disclosure.
The article discusses concerns about the integrity of research and the well-being of participants due to financial conflicts of interest. The authors argue that disclosing these conflicts to potential participants may not achieve their intended moral goals, highlighting the need for improved policies.
Researchers found that humans achieve dynamic balance by taking turns, while monkeys use static strategies that often result in one player losing out over time. Monkeys can learn to coordinate dynamically with human partners but then compete with each other.
Conflicts between divergent goals can continue indefinitely through evolutionary time, causing devastating damage to complex organisms and social structures. Modular design is a crucial enabler of complex adaptation and transformative changes in social organisation.
A retracted Frontiers journal article contained undisclosed conflicts of interest among its guest editors and peer reviewers, according to Digital Science company Ripeta. The analysis found that three of the four peer reviewers were directly or indirectly affiliated with an anti-abortion organization, which was not disclosed.
Pharmaceutical contamination poses significant risks to ecosystems due to the widespread use of medicines in humans and animals. Researchers emphasize the need for greener drug design, improved wastewater management, and responsible use of drugs.
The WHO Foundation's Gift Acceptance Policy does not specifically preclude donations from the alcohol industry, allowing for case-by-case acceptance. However, critics argue that this lack of transparency and safeguards against corporate influence poses a risk to the agency's integrity and public health goals.
Experts warn of the risk of industry funding compromising gambling addiction research, highlighting the need for independent funding to address the pervasive problem. They propose a 1% statutory levy on the gambling industry to support research and treatment provision.
A Cornell University study found that a high self-concept of professionalism can lead to greater acceptance of conflicts of interest and bias. Managers with a deep understanding of the concept are more likely to remain objective and ethical.
Healthcare workers in Canada shared their concerns and sources of distress during the pandemic on an online forum. The study highlights the emotional toll of working in healthcare during a global health crisis.
Researchers analyzed data to determine if Medicare eligibility affects racial and ethnic disparities in access to care and reported overall health. The study found significant changes in disparities after Medicare eligibility, with implications for healthcare policy.
Researchers investigated the association between net worth at midlife and subsequent longevity. The study found a significant positive correlation between wealth and longevity among individuals, as well as their siblings and twins.
A study analyzed 11 years of data to find that 37% of Congress members own or have owned healthcare-related assets. The average value of these assets was $43,000, indicating a significant potential for conflicts of interest.
Gender-affirming hair removal procedures were associated with reduced rates of past-month severe psychological distress, past-year smoking, and past-year suicidal ideation. The study analyzed data from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey.
A study evaluated self-reported protective behaviors and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates among in-person employees during the first six months of the pandemic. The research found a significant association between COVID-19 exposure and reduced compliance with public health guidelines.
A meta-analysis of 74 studies found young-onset dementia affects approximately 4.3% of people under age 65 worldwide. The study's results provide a more precise estimate of dementia's global occurrence in younger populations.
Researchers found significant racial and ethnic disparities in outpatient visit rates among US physician specialties. The study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, highlights concerns about unequal access to healthcare services.
A recent review of 91 studies sheds light on the challenges faced by transgender young people accessing healthcare. The study reveals that these individuals often experience inadequate care, lack of understanding from healthcare providers, and limited access to gender-affirming treatments.
A recent study reveals that many Latinx immigrants have concerns about COVID-19 testing, treatment, and contact tracing, affecting their willingness to engage with healthcare services. The findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive and accessible healthcare solutions to address these concerns.
A study by Gregory M. Marcus and colleagues found that daily coffee consumption may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. The researchers analyzed data from a large population, suggesting that moderate coffee drinking may be associated with an increased risk of irregular heartbeats.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine investigated the association between cycling and mortality rates among individuals with diabetes. The research suggests that regular cycling may help reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease or any other cause.
The study found that primary care payment models are associated with increased telemedicine use for Medicare Advantage enrollees during the pandemic. This shift allowed patients to receive care remotely, reducing in-person visits and improving access to healthcare.
The study found that racial and ethnic minority groups have increased their representation among US healthcare workers, from 1999 to 2018. The authors suggest this shift may be due to efforts to increase diversity in the medical workforce.
A randomized clinical trial found physician messaging campaigns increased COVID-19 knowledge, information-seeking, and self-reported protective behaviors among diverse groups. The campaign was effective in promoting adult's practices related to COVID-19.
Researchers analyzed a large US COVID-19 dataset to assess clinical severity and identify risk factors for severe illness. The study found that machine learning models can accurately predict SARS-CoV-2 infection severity among US adults.
A study using wearable sensor data found COVID-19-positive participants experienced prolonged physiological and behavioral changes after infection. These changes affected the duration and variation of recovery, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and support.
A study examining US ICE detention facility deaths from 2011 to 2018 found that inadequate healthcare, poor living conditions, and mental health issues were key factors contributing to these deaths. The study highlights the need for improved healthcare and living conditions in ICE facilities to prevent unnecessary deaths.
A study compares Medicare's payment for common generic prescriptions in Part D to prices available at Costco, finding significant savings for patients without insurance. The research found that patients paying out-of-pocket at Costco spent an average of $10 less per month on common generic drugs compared to Medicare beneficiaries.
A study evaluated how US states and DC planned to ensure equitable COVID-19 vaccine distribution. The authors found that many plans lacked specific details on how to address health disparities, highlighting a need for improved strategies.
A new study estimates surprise bills for deliveries and newborn hospitalizations are frequent, affecting thousands of families annually. Researchers found that out-of-network claims from clinicians and ancillary service providers are a leading cause of surprise bills.
A survey study investigated the association between surgical resident grit and burnout, finding that residents with higher grit levels were more likely to experience burnout. The study suggests that grit may be an important factor in preventing burnout among surgical residents.
A recent study investigated the association between midlife changes in wealth and the risk of cardiovascular events after age 65. Researchers found that individuals experiencing a decline in wealth during midlife were at increased risk of cardiovascular events later in life.
A national survey study found that psoriasis has become more common among adults in the United States over the past two decades. The study estimated a significant increase in psoriasis prevalence from 2.4% in 2003 to 5.0% in 2021.
A study compared health care access and quality scores between US states and high-income countries with universal health insurance coverage. The researchers found that the US ranked lower in these areas, highlighting the need for healthcare reform.
Researchers evaluated a multifaceted COVID-19 control plan on a large urban university campus, revealing its effectiveness in reducing SARS-CoV-2 spread. The study found that the plan's implementation resulted in lower case rates and improved student safety during the second pandemic wave.
Researchers found that age-related hearing impairment is associated with poorer physical functioning and reduced walking endurance in older adults. The study suggests that addressing hearing loss could be crucial in preserving physical function and quality of life in older individuals.
A recent study analyzed hospitalization and death rates related to COVID-19 before and after US states reopened their economies in 2020. The findings showed a significant increase in hospitalizations and deaths following state reopenings, indicating a need for continued public health measures.
Researchers evaluated COVID-19 patients with loss of smell one year post-diagnosis, finding persistent cognitive and emotional impairments. Long-term follow-up studies like this one are crucial for understanding the lasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Researchers examined family voucher-based kidney donations and found that timely kidney transplants are possible through voucher redemption. The study aims to provide a new option for individuals waiting for a transplant, improving outcomes for those in need.
Researchers found no association in SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates between healthcare workers wearing respirator masks and those wearing medical masks. The study suggests that mask utilization is not a significant factor in preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission among healthcare workers.