Articles tagged with Income Inequality
Despite electronic health records, gaps in communication between primary care physicians and specialist physicians persist. The study found that 22% of PCPs report sending clinical information to specialists at the time of referral, and less than 35% receive information back after consultation.
Research finds no effect of tax policy change on executive compensation; tax regulations may not be effective in curbing excessive pay. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act aimed to reduce CEO pay by limiting deductions for performance-based compensation, but studies have found little impact on the practice.
During the California pandemic, a significant decrease in life expectancy was observed for both 2020 and 2021 compared to pre-pandemic periods. The study found that the life expectancy gap by income level increased, with the poorest populations experiencing more pronounced declines in life expectancy.
New research suggests that people who become wealthy from humble origins are less likely to support social welfare and have reduced sympathy for the poor compared to those who were born into wealth. The study of 736 participants found a positive view of upwardly mobile individuals, but also discovered that they perceived improving thei...
Unemployment-related health insurance coverage loss was substantially higher in non-expanded Medicaid states, whereas expanded eligibility helped buffer households. Researchers found that Medicaid expansion reduced periods without health insurance coverage due to job loss.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, childcare-related employment disruption increased by approximately one-third. Caregivers for children with special health care needs experienced significantly higher disruptions, as did those from low-income families and racial and ethnic minority groups.
Researchers estimated that hypothetical income support policies could avert approximately 1,200 to 2,800 potential deaths among working-age adults in the United States. The study used econometric modeling to analyze the impact of different policy scenarios on mortality rates.
A study of 155,000 adults found that those with limited income, lower educational attainment, or living in rural areas were more likely to have a poor diet. Researchers from the American Cancer Society analyzed data to identify the association between socioeconomic and geographic factors and diet quality.
A study by MIT economists reveals that international trade widens income gap in individual countries, with Ecuador serving as a case study. The research shows that trade generates income gains primarily for those at the top and middle percentiles, exacerbating inequality.
This study conducted within an existing community-based COVID-19 testing program successfully integrated rapid diabetes screening, reaching low-income Latinx individuals who were mostly undiagnosed with prediabetes and diabetes. The results highlight the importance of addressing health disparities in underserved populations.
Researchers found no net association between the COVID-19 pandemic and medical debt across different income levels and pandemic severity. Decreases in elective medical procedures and government healthcare-related policies may have offset any increase in medical debt.
A new study found that rising income inequality in the US is associated with declining adult health, particularly among those who experienced childhood poverty. The research analyzed data from 1925 to 1999 and found a strong link between childhood inequality and adult markers of poor health.
A new study by NYU researchers found that neoliberal policies and institutions are associated with a preference for greater income inequality across over 160 countries. The analysis, which spanned 25 years (1995-2019), suggests that economic systems can shape human psychology to favor higher levels of income inequality.
A survey of over 165,000 adolescents found a significant increase in school mental health service use in 2019 compared to prior years. The growth was particularly notable among Black adolescents and those from low-income families.
US life expectancy dropped by 1.87 years from 2019 to 2020, while peer countries saw a 0.58-year decrease on average. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black populations experienced larger declines, with decreases of 3.70 and 3.22 years respectively.
Wealth disparities were larger than education, occupation, and income differences in mortality rates, according to a new study involving 6,300 U.S. adults. Childhood socioeconomic status also showed significant disparities in mortality, with never and current smokers having the largest disparity.
Researchers found higher rates of short and long sleep duration among Black individuals, with significant disparities affecting Black women and young adults. The study highlights health disparities associated with socioeconomic factors.
A new study found that clinics with higher FIT completion rates had added staff to support patients, provided educational materials, and offered on-call support. This approach reduced disparities among low-income and racially diverse populations, improving colorectal cancer screening outcomes.
A new study suggests that digital financial services, intended to reduce inequality, may actually amplify economic disparities among women in developing countries. The study found that physical infrastructure, mobile phone network quality, education, and wealth all play a significant role in determining access to digital finance.
Researchers studied 384 African American women aged 30-46 with 48-hour blood pressure monitoring. Being in debt was linked to higher daytime and nighttime blood pressure and increased risk of sustained hypertension.
A new paper introduces a novel measure of unfair inequality, revealing that the US has one of the highest levels in the West, with Greece ranking higher. The study suggests that standard measures of inequality are inadequate to inform discussions on economic justice.
A study by Pennington Biomedical Research Center found that black residents in Baton Rouge and New Orleans faced a twice-higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than white residents. Communities with high household crowding, lower income, and disparities in education were also at higher risk.
A new research paper from the University of South Australia reveals that older generations hold a significant portion of housing properties, locking out younger Millennials. The study highlights how government policies designed to protect one generation can hinder another, creating severe housing tenure inequalities.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that racial and ethnic minorities, as well as low-income groups in the US are being exposed to higher levels of dangerous fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) than other groups.
A recent study found that robots negatively impact marriage stability and fertility, while improving gender pay equity. The research revealed that exposure to industrial robots worsens men's economic stature and reduces their ability to form long-term commitments, but boosts women's earnings and increases their labor force participation.
A new study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders found that adults with ADHD are four times more likely to experience generalized anxiety disorder. Factors associated with GAD among those with ADHD include being female, having a lower income, and a history of major depressive disorder.
A new analysis found US states with water shutoff moratoria had significantly lower daily COVID-19 infection and death rates. Comprehensive moratoriums resulted in even greater reductions, suggesting universal access to water can help prevent public health crises.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that Airbnb units cause a mild decrease in long-term rental supply, including affordable housing, while expanding the rental market. The study suggests a new tax to alleviate resulting inequities and maintain social equality.
The study will assess the impact of environmental and economic interventions on health and well-being in predominantly Black neighborhoods. Researchers will enroll 720 adults, half receiving the proposed interventions, and evaluate their overall health and wellbeing, as well as violent crime rates.
A study by the San Francisco Estuary Institute, the Nature Conservancy, and the University of Illinois suggests that access to nature may contribute to lower COVID-19 rates, regardless of racial or socioeconomic identity. The research team found a strong correlation between green spaces and decreased COVID-19 incidence rates.
A 27-year study suggests that income inequality is linked to lower maths scores among US children, with even richer students experiencing negative effects. The study found that states with higher income gaps saw poorer maths results, while reading grades were not associated with income inequality. Policymakers may need to consider redu...
The study found large reductions in uninsurance and improvements in blood pressure and blood sugar control among Hispanic and Black patients after Medicaid expansion. The first five years of expansion were associated with significant benefits for these populations.
A new study highlights significant disparities in dementia care availability by gender, race, ethnicity, education level, and family structure. The findings emphasize the importance of family caregivers, with those having available spouse or adult child support being less likely to move into nursing homes.
A new study from the University of South Australia reveals that Australian firms with large gender pay gaps are not only perpetuating inequality but also harming their overall performance. The research found that women executives in top management teams can lower a firm's annual return on assets by 2.2%.
A new study found that larger cities produce more income inequality, with the poor experiencing a decline in quality of life. The researchers analyzed data from municipal areas across the US and found that the top 10% of earners gain an increasingly large portion of wealth as cities grow.
A recent study modelled social, economic, and personal factors influencing voters and parties to identify four key levers that tip the balance towards political extremes. Social contagion and macro-economic factors such as employment and economic growth play a significant role in driving polarization.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University found that gay and bisexual men earn less than heterosexual men due to workplace discrimination. Gay men earned 6.8% less, while bisexual men earned 10.3% less on average across Europe, North America, and Australia.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found an association between county-level income inequality and COVID-19 cases and deaths in the US. The researchers analyzed data from 30 states and found that areas with higher income inequality had more COVID-19 cases and deaths.
Researchers estimate economic inequality using satellite sensing of nighttime light emissions and population density data. The study finds that inequality is lower in high-income countries and hotspots are evident in Russia, China and Southeast Asia.
A new study found that COVID-19 infections and deaths in the US increased with higher income inequality, particularly in counties with higher proportions of Black or Hispanic residents. The study also showed that economic inequality harms population health regardless of racial/ethnic composition.
A recent study analyzed associations between income inequality, racial composition, and political attributes with COVID-19 cases and mortality rates across US counties. The research found significant correlations between these factors and the severity of the pandemic.
A study by McGill University researchers found that trust in public institutions is associated with lower COVID-19 mortality rates, while social trust and belonging are linked to higher deaths. Greater economic inequality is also a significant factor, particularly in countries with large gaps between rich and poor.
A study analyzing US survey and tax data reveals a strong relationship between rising income inequality and lower college enrollment and completion rates among disadvantaged groups. The research highlights the significant impact of income inequality on educational opportunities in the United States.
States with highest income inequality had a larger number of COVID-19-related deaths compared to states with lower income inequality. African Americans and Hispanics were disproportionately affected due to limited access to healthcare and essential jobs.
Researchers found rising income inequality in private sectors worldwide except Canada and Hungary. Enacting policies to protect low-skilled workers and limit firm outsourcing may help reduce inequality, according to the study.
A new study finds that solar geoengineering could reduce global income inequality by 50%, with poorer countries benefiting most. The technology could also lead to a 200% increase in GDP growth for developing countries.
A role-playing experiment involving over 300 women from multiple countries suggests that female self-sexualization is linked to income inequality and social status anxiety. The study supports the hypothesis that social climbing and status competition drive sexualization among women.
A new study examines the effects of different factors on life satisfaction among women and men in 34 OECD countries. The research finds that work-life balance accommodations are usually aimed at women's concerns, but surprisingly, men demonstrate a higher elasticity for personal and leisure time.
A new study found that children who grow up in areas with income inequality are more likely to be bullied. The research, conducted by an international team, analyzed data from over 874,000 children across 40 countries and found a significant association between income inequality and bully victimization.
A survey study of 874,000 adolescents from 40 countries found a link between growing up in economically unequal areas and self-reported bullying. The association was seen after accounting for other factors, but the lack of individual-level data limits the understanding behind this connection.
A recent study by Robert Manduca at Harvard University reveals that income inequality is a major driver of the growing income gap between different regions in the United States. The study shows that over the past forty years, the number of people living in communities at the extreme ends of the income scale has increased three-fold, wi...
A national study found that US counties with greater income inequality have a higher rate of firearm homicide deaths. The association was positively correlated across all races and individual groups, with African-Americans experiencing a nearly 10% increase in firearm homicide rates for every 0.04 greater value of the Gini index.
A study by Harvard University researchers found that households' payments for medical premiums, copayments, and deductibles pushed over 7 million Americans into poverty in 2014. The study also showed that health care spending worsened overall income inequality, with the poorest 10% experiencing a 47.6% decline in income.
A new study examines the potential health impacts of Republican and Democratic tax proposals on the US population's health. The research suggests that only policies raising top federal income tax rates and redistributing tax revenue to lower-income households can significantly reduce mortality rates, with estimated reductions ranging f...
A recent study found that women in areas with high income inequality are less likely to meet aerobic, strengthening, and overall physical activity recommendations compared to men. The researchers suggest that increased working hours, caring responsibilities, and household headship contribute to this disparity.
A Boston College study links income inequality to rising carbon emissions at the state level, with top 10% of population driving growth. States like California and Texas experience significant increases in emissions, while South Carolina sees minimal growth.
A new study by Edgar Ghossoub explores the relationship between income inequality and inflation, finding that a strong stock market can reduce income inequality. However, countries with smaller stock markets and higher inflation, like Mexico, experience more damaging effects of income inequality on their populations.
A new study by MIT Professor César Hidalgo and colleagues found that the complexity of a country's exports is a strong predictor of its level of economic equality. The researchers analyzed data from 1996 to 2008 and found that countries with more diverse export portfolios and higher technological infrastructure tend to have greater inc...
A recent study by Michigan State University researchers suggests that rising income inequality is the primary driver of satisfaction with democracy, not who wins elections. The study found a widening gap in satisfaction between electoral winners and losers as income inequality increases.
A global study found a significant association between rising national income, education expenditures, and declining rates of adolescent childbearing. The median adolescent birth rate dropped by 40% from 1990 to 2012, with the highest rates in Sub-Saharan Africa and lowest in Europe and Central Asia.