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Science News Archive April 2018 - Page 20


Page 20 of 42

High-quality nursing homes lower risks for long-term care placement for older adults

A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that older adults in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) with higher quality ratings had significantly lower risks for placement in long-term care facilities. The researchers used data from over 500,000 people aged 65 and older to examine the role of SNF quality in...

SourceAmerican Geriatrics Society·JournalJournal of the American Geriatrics Society·DateApr 17, 2018

OncoDNA announces publication of peer-reviewed study in Oncotarget assessing the utility of its unique biomarker analysis and interpretation platform in clinical decision making

A peer-reviewed study published in Oncotarget found that OncoDNA's comprehensive testing and analysis services, combining multiple biomarkers, increased oncologists' ability to make informed treatment decisions. The study showed a significant improvement in overall survival for late-stage patients, from six months to over 12 months.

SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalOncotarget·DateApr 17, 2018
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Diabetes drug may not reduce risk of death

A new study published in JAMA found that SGLT-2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist drugs were associated with reduced risk of death, while DPP-4 inhibitor drugs showed no significant benefit. The findings suggest these treatments may not be equally effective in preventing mortality.

SourceImperial College London·JournalJAMA·DateApr 17, 2018

Bugged out by climate change

Research tracked changes in Arctic arthropod populations in response to warming temperatures, finding more plant-eating and parasitic insects, and fewer detritivores. The study suggests that water availability will play a key role in determining which bug species can thrive in a warming Arctic.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·DateApr 17, 2018

Scientists find some human cancers to be 'evolutionary accidents'

Researchers have identified human-specific cancers that differ from animal counterparts, suggesting potential evolutionary origins. The study reveals cancer patterns in humans vary significantly from those of other species, highlighting the need for further investigation into the evolutionary underpinnings of cancer.

SourceUniversity of Liverpool·JournalBiological Reviews·DateApr 17, 2018
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Full of hot air and proud of it

Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh have developed a new way to store gases using porous materials, known as MOFs. This could lead to more efficient gas storage and alternative energy production methods.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalChemistry of Materials·DateApr 17, 2018

Performing under pressure: Modeling oxidation in high-stress materials

A new model considers three stages of oxidation and predicts that heavy loads compress alloys, absorbing less oxygen, while stresses pull them apart, allowing more oxygen to infiltrate. The team's framework matches data in microelectromechanical devices, aiming to improve device performance.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateApr 17, 2018

New type of opal formed by common seaweed discovered

Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered a novel type of opal formed by brown algae, exhibiting iridescence due to self-assembled oil droplet nanostructures. The seaweed's chloroplasts-containing cells can switch on and off this dynamic self-assembly, creating changing opals that react to sunlight.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalScience Advances·DateApr 17, 2018
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Biophysics: Making patterns robust

Researchers have developed a model that explains how biological patterns can form and maintain stability even when protein concentrations are altered. The Min system, used to study cell division, has been found to use a conformational switch in the MinE protein to achieve robustness.

SourceLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 17, 2018

Can your dog predict an earthquake? Evidence is shaky, say researchers

Researchers analyzed 729 reports of abnormal animal behavior related to 160 earthquakes, but found that most evidence consists of single observations and anecdotes. The team suggests a series of questions to analyze the data, including whether animal behavior is linked to specific rules or environmental changes.

SourceSeismological Society of America·JournalBulletin of the Seismological Society of America·DateApr 17, 2018

New findings to help in the fight against wombat mange

Scientists have discovered that sarcoptic mange causes significant loss of body heat and increased metabolic rate in Tasmanian wombats, leading to reduced foraging and increased mortality. The research suggests that dietary supplementation may help address these issues, offering new hope for the management of wombat mange.

SourceUniversity of Tasmania·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·DateApr 17, 2018

Scientists make counter-intuitive observations in hybrid quantum systems

Researchers have made counter-intuitive observations in hybrid quantum systems, where cooling processes can lead to heating. The study revealed that symmetries in the system can cause decay to excite components of another subdomain, resulting in a heat-up effect.

SourceResearch Organization of Information and Systems·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateApr 17, 2018

Adolescents' cooking skills strongly predict future nutritional well-being

Adolescents with strong cooking skills tend to eat more vegetables, have family meals, and prepare healthy meals at home. A new study found that these skills are linked to better nutrition outcomes in adulthood. Developing cooking skills early may provide long-term benefits for health and nutrition.

SourceElsevier·JournalJournal of Nutrition Education and Behavior·DateApr 17, 2018
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

New capabilities at NSLS-II set to advance materials science

The NSLS-II's Hard X-ray Nanoprobe has demonstrated capabilities to observe materials down to 10 nanometers, enabling scientists to visualize single molecules. This technology will enable the study of various materials properties simultaneously.

SourceDOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory·JournalNano Futures·DateApr 17, 2018

Text messaging tool may help fight opioid epidemic

A new automated text messaging service aims to curb opioid abuse by providing patients with regular check-ins and a panic button for immediate help. The study found that the service reduced substance use among patients, dropping from 43% to 10%, and saved caregivers $19 per patient annually.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·DateApr 17, 2018

Calculus III for cells

Researchers investigated how cells respond to cylindrical surfaces and a sphere-with-skirt geometry, finding that cells change their shapes and internal structures. Cells on stiff surfaces form stress fibers, which are influenced by surface curvature, enabling new tools in biology.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania·JournalBiophysical Journal·DateApr 17, 2018

Modeling prosocial behavior increases helping in 16-month-olds

Researchers found that observing others' helping behavior enhances infants' prosocial development, particularly when adults model helpful behaviors. The study suggests that having prosocial role models plays a crucial role in shaping young children's helping habits.

SourceSociety for Research in Child Development·JournalChild Development·DateApr 17, 2018
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

ALS treatment delays disease and extends life in rats

Researchers at Cedars-Sinai have discovered a new way to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by transplanting altered neural cells into the brain. Laboratory rats that received the transplants lived 8 percent longer and were free of paralysis 10 percent longer than untreated animals.

SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalStem Cells·DateApr 17, 2018
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Penn researcher co-directs National Lung Cancer Screening Center

A $15.5 million NCI grant creates a center at five health systems to improve lung cancer screening and address disparities in early diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. The center will develop a shared model data for research on optimizing precision lung cancer screening.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·DateApr 17, 2018

Researchers find resilience counteracts effects of childhood abuse and neglect on health

A study published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry found that individuals with schizophrenia who experienced childhood trauma had improved health outcomes when they possessed high levels of psychological resilience. The research team evaluated data from 114 participants with schizophrenia and 101 non-psychiatric comparison subjects.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalJournal of Clinical Psychiatry·DateApr 17, 2018

Zika presents hot spots in brains of chicken embryos

Researchers discovered Zika virus infects hot spots in the brains of chicken embryos, affecting key signaling centers and neural patterning. This finding could lead to targeted therapies and drug testing for complications associated with Zika virus in humans.

SourcePurdue University·JournalCell Reports·DateApr 17, 2018

Alpine grassland productivity not sensitive to climate warming on third pole

Research in Tibetan alpine grasslands found that climate warming does not decrease productivity, but rather changes the composition of plant species to stabilize production. The study's findings suggest that shifting species composition enables communities to access more water and buffer against drought-induced declines.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateApr 17, 2018
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Abramson Cancer Canter studies show promise of immunotherapy combinations, including CAR T

Researchers at the Abramson Cancer Center have discovered promising immunotherapy combinations for treating glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, and pancreatic cancer. CAR T cell therapy combined with checkpoint inhibitors has shown enhanced effectiveness in glioblastoma, while targeting a novel immune checkpoint in head and neck cancer...

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·DateApr 17, 2018

Army engineers develop technique to make adaptive materials

Engineers at U.S. Army Research Laboratory and University of Maryland developed a technique to control composite material behavior using ultraviolet light, enabling new capabilities for rotorcraft design, performance, and maintenance. The method allows materials to become 93%-stiffer and 35%-stronger after UV exposure.

SourceU.S. Army Research Laboratory·JournalAdvanced Materials Interfaces·DateApr 17, 2018

Statins save lives of people with high levels of LDL cholesterol

A new study from the University of Iowa found that statins can save thousands of additional lives when used in people with higher levels of LDL cholesterol. The analysis of 34 previous studies involving over 270,000 participants showed that statins were more likely to reduce death risk at LDL levels of 100 mg/dl or greater.

SourceUniversity of Iowa·JournalJAMA·DateApr 17, 2018
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Army research rejuvenates older zinc batteries

Researchers developed a highly reversible zinc metal anode for aqueous batteries, addressing safety concerns and increasing energy storage capacity. The new technology has the potential to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries in extreme conditions, such as aerospace and military applications.

SourceU.S. Army Research Laboratory·JournalNature Materials·DateApr 17, 2018

Back to the beginning

Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a new process to generate NP-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The team mimicked the embryonic development process to produce nucleus pulposus cells, which could potentially be used to treat degenerative disc disease.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalStem Cell Research & Therapy·DateApr 17, 2018

The microbiome of a native plant is much more resilient than expected

A team of scientists discovered that the microbiome of a native plant, Nicotiana attenuata, is more resilient than expected. The study shows that different strains of bacteria within the soil microbiota can form partnerships with the plant and resist antimicrobial peptides, defying previous assumptions about their impact.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology·DateApr 17, 2018

Researchers uncover origin of virus-fighting plasma B cells

A study published in Immunity reveals that T follicular helper cells play a crucial role in determining the fate of B cells, with stronger interactions leading to plasma B cell formation. The researchers identified a subset of B cells expressing IRF4 and CD69 as precursors to plasma B cells.

SourceRIKEN·JournalImmunity·DateApr 17, 2018

KAIST develops sodium ion batteries using copper sulfide

A KAIST research team developed a new anode material using copper sulfide, exhibiting 1.5 times better cyclability and 40% reduced cost compared to existing materials. The discovery may contribute to the commercialization of sodium ion batteries and reduce battery costs in consumer electronics.

SourceThe Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 17, 2018
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Combination therapy strengthens T cells in melanoma pre-clinical study

A pre-clinical study has revealed that combining OX40 agonist antibody and GSK2366771 may enhance the immune system's ability to kill melanoma tumors deficient in PTEN. The combination appears to 'step on the gas', revving up T cells and providing extra power to more efficiently kill cancer cells.

SourceUniversity of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center·DateApr 17, 2018

Simple one-page tool improves patient satisfaction with doctor visit

A simple one-page form given to patients ahead of their doctor visit can significantly improve satisfaction with the care they receive. The low-tech tool helps patients focus on what's important to them and provides real-time feedback to doctors on how well they're addressing their patients' concerns.

SourceDuke University Medical Center·JournalNeurosurgery·DateApr 17, 2018

Opioid-related hospitalizations rising in Medicare patients without opioid prescriptions

A study by University of Texas Medical Branch researchers found that opioid-related hospitalization rates increased among Medicare patients without prescribed opioids after the 2014 federal change limiting hydrocodone product dispensing. This increase may indicate illegal use of these drugs.

SourceUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston·JournalJournal of the American Geriatrics Society·DateApr 17, 2018

Understanding Mercury's magnetic tail

Researchers found that plasmoid reconnection in Mercury's magnetotail could accelerate energetic electrons, solving a puzzle left by previous space missions. The study also revealed that turbulence enhances reconnection, leading to improved predictions for future missions like Bepi-Colombo.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Plasmas·DateApr 17, 2018
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

New clues point to relief for chronic itching

Researchers found that a drug called nalfurafine hydrochloride can deliver itch relief by targeting kappa opioid receptors on neurons in the spinal cord, potentially treating many types of chronic itching.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalCell Reports·DateApr 17, 2018

Preserving fertility during chemotherapy

Chemotherapy-induced DNA damage triggers apoptosis in oocytes due to p63 activation. Researchers found that inhibiting specific enzymes can prevent this process, offering new hope for fertility preservation.

SourceGoethe University Frankfurt·JournalNature Structural & Molecular Biology·DateApr 17, 2018
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

How does plant DNA avoid the ravages of UV radiation?

Researchers discovered that plant DNA repair works more efficiently on active genes, which are transcribed into RNA and proteins. The system's efficiency varies according to the day/night cycle, reflecting normal daily variations in transcription activity.

SourceUniversity of North Carolina Health Care·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 17, 2018

Observing inflammatory cells in the body

Researchers at the University of Münster have developed a new method to study inflammatory cells in mice, allowing for genetic modification, multiplication, and visualization in living organisms. This approach reduces the number of animal experiments needed.

SourceUniversity of Münster·JournalTheranostics·DateApr 17, 2018
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

A new, streamlined approach to diagnosing and treating bowel cancer

Researchers have discovered a faster, more cost-effective way to determine which DNA mutations cause human bowel cancer. A new preclinical pipeline uses gene editing technology (CRISPR) to rapidly engineer normal colon cells with DNA changes, allowing for real-time monitoring of growing cancers.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalGut·DateApr 17, 2018
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.