A recent $5 million NIH grant has funded a research consortium at Michigan Medicine to address firearm-related fatalities among children in the US, known as the second leading cause of death. The five-year effort aims to develop evidence-based solutions through an interdisciplinary group of scientists and stakeholders.
Researchers developed a nanodisc delivery system that combines chemotherapy with immune checkpoint blockers to eliminate tumors in 85% of treated mice. The therapy also showed an excellent response rate of 88% in a challenging model, and no overt side effects were detected.
A study by researchers at the University of Oxford and Exeter University found that general practices in England with the worst prescribing quality scores are 2.1 times more likely to prescribe homeopathy than those with the best scores. Poor prescribing performance is strongly associated with homeopathy use, but not with patient outco...
Researchers identified key molecular drivers in calcific aortic valve disease, including cells from the lamina fibrosa layer with high propensity to calcify. A precise omics-level molecular atlas of the aortic valve reveals potential therapeutic targets for developing pharmacological therapy.
A study published in JAMA Network found that early first deployments and shorter dwell times between deployments are associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts among soldiers. The research analyzed data from 593 soldiers who experienced a medically documented suicide attempt during or after their second deployment.
Researchers present a case study of an asymptomatic patient with severe mitral regurgitation who underwent successful repair. The study emphasizes the importance of timely intervention to avoid irreversible left ventricular dysfunction and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers recommend keeping a small dose of dantrolene on hand and having a fully stocked cart elsewhere, as the incidence of the reaction is low. Maintaining a fully stocked cart would divert funds from other patient safety initiatives.
A new study published in JAMA Dermatology reveals that dermatologists are more accurate than Physician Assistants (PAs) in diagnosing early stage skin cancers. For every suspected case of melanoma, PAs needed to biopsy over 39 pigmented lesions compared to just 25 for dermatologists.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health identified 11 safety measures that could potentially save over 250,000 lives annually in low- and middle-income countries. These interventions include speeding enforcement, formal swimming lessons for young children, and crèches to supervise young children.
The study found that the brain uses a two-step process to learn and categorize visual and auditory stimuli, allowing for easy building on previous content to learn novel information. This discovery could lead to the development of new methods to restore sensory deficits in individuals with disabilities.
A Japanese research team has developed an automated robot that greatly speeds up the collection and assembly of 2D crystals to form van der Waals heterostructures. The robot can detect 400 graphene flakes an hour, stacking four layers in just a few minutes with minimal human input.
The American College of Physicians is calling for a revised approach to performance measurement, citing 32 valid and 30 invalid measures in Medicare's MIPS program. The ACP analyzed 86 performance measures and found that many were inadequately specified, leading to misclassification of high-quality care as low-quality care.
Scientists have developed a portable sensor array that can detect tiny amounts of chemicals emitted by humans, even at levels as low as three parts per billion. The device is light, affordable, and compact, making it ideal for first responders to carry or drones to use in search and rescue operations.
A study published in Science Advances reveals significant differences in molecular machinery that turns on and off gene expression between cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. The research provides insights into the molecular apparatus involved in conscious thinking and may lead to the development of drugs to treat mental illnesses.
A new study from McMaster and York universities found structural and functional changes in the power generation parts of the cell, or mitochondria, of those with diabetes. These changes could result in reduced metabolism, greater difficulty controlling blood glucose and accelerated disability development.
Researchers highlight unique challenges of managing mitral regurgitation in women contemplating pregnancy, emphasizing clinical assessment and echocardiography as critical tools. Surgical intervention is recommended for symptomatic patients and those with progressive left ventricular dilation or low ejection fraction.
A new study shows that functional connectivity MRI can detect fundamental differences in how individual brains are wired, distinguishing healthy people from those with brain diseases or disorders. The technique was found to be powerful enough to distinguish people who were extraordinarily alike.
Researchers used word embeddings to measure changes in gender and ethnic stereotypes from 1900-2023, correlating with US Census demographic data. The study found quantifiable shifts in biases towards women and Asian Americans, highlighting the value of interdisciplinary collaboration between humanities and sciences.
A study published in Health Care for Women International found that Transcendental Meditation significantly improves the lives of single, illiterate mothers in Uganda by reducing stress and improving their health and ability to support themselves and their children. The research shows that the practice empowers these women to overcome ...
A longitudinal study found that siblings' experiences in middle childhood, including warmth, father-child interaction, and perceptions of fairness, predicted differences in their college graduation status. The study highlights the importance of parents' involvement and treatment in shaping their children's educational outcomes.
A new blood test biomarker has been developed to distinguish between benign and malignant lung tumors with 98% accuracy. This breakthrough technology allows healthcare providers to confidently diagnose and treat patients with low-to-moderate risk nodules, reducing the need for invasive procedures.
Researchers at Rosalind Franklin University have solved the complete structure of mitochondrial ATP synthase using cryo-electron microscopy, revealing secrets about energy production in cells. The discovery provides evidence for inhibiting enzymes and sheds light on disease-causing mutations.
The new muscles are made from carbon fiber-reinforced siloxane rubber and have a coiled geometry, lifting up to 12,600 times their own weight. They also support high mechanical stress and exhibit excellent performance when electrically actuated.
A naturally occurring gene variation affecting women's body fat distribution puts them at significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs targeting this specific gene variation.
Astronomers used computer simulations to create images of accreting supermassive black holes in different gravity theories. They found that even highly non-Einsteinian black holes could mimic the appearance of standard black holes, highlighting the need for new techniques to distinguish them.
A new study found that children are exposed to over 800 junk food ads per year, with unhealthy food ads being 2.3 times more frequent than healthy food ads during peak viewing times. The research, led by the University of Adelaide, used a bespoke TV monitoring system to capture an entire year's worth of television and ads.
In Mato Grosso, Brazil, researchers found that large-scale farms produce high yields of soybean and maize using succession farming, also known as safrinha. The study shows that while technology adoption rates are low, successive cropping systems improve productivity without relying on high-tech solutions.
Astronomers have revealed the 'DNA' of over 340,000 stars in the Milky Way, tracing their ancestry and composition. The GALAH survey aims to make DNA matches between stars to find long-lost sisters and brothers of the Sun.
A systematic review of over 460 studies suggests that ibuprofen and acetaminophen are better options for relieving acute dental pain. The combination of 400mg ibuprofen and 1000mg acetaminophen was found to be superior to any opioid-containing medications.
A recent study published in Child Development found that a mother's depression can negatively affect her child's cognitive development up to age 16. Mothers who were highly depressed invested less emotionally and provided fewer learning materials, leading to lower verbal IQ scores in their children.
Scientists discovered a hundred pink, dinner-plate-sized octopuses huddled around cracks in the rocks, guarding their eggs in warm water. The find suggests a better, healthier habitat nearby, potentially supporting an even larger population.
Astronaut David Wolf shares his experience of worsening eye sight after space missions, citing a possible connection between microgravity and visual impairment. Researchers are using advanced imaging techniques to find solutions for the effects of space travel on vision, critical for future long-duration missions.
Researchers propose novel molecular therapy to treat deadly pediatric brain cancer, effective in preclinical tests and humanized mouse models. The compound triggers DNA damage in cancer cells, disrupting telomere function and killing brain cancer stem cells.
A study of NYC house mice reveals they carry disease-causing pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria like C. difficile and Salmonella, which can be transmitted to humans. The study also finds evidence of viruses present in mouse droppings, some of which may infect other animals.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University developed an algorithm to identify fake users on multiple social networks with high accuracy. The method uses machine-learning algorithms to detect improbable links between users, outperforming other anomaly detection methods.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem team won the second annual O.R. & Analytics Student Team Competition by successfully applying analytics and operations research to create a high-performing equity portfolio. The competition challenges students to develop solutions to real-world problems, providing valuable experience that sets them ap...
The Global ROS1 Initiative is a patient-researcher collaboration that aims to accelerate research on ROS1 cancer. Members have contributed tumor samples and participated in epidemiological surveys, providing valuable insights into the disease.
Researchers have systematically mapped connections between 625 breast and ovarian cancer genes and nearly every FDA-approved chemotherapy for these cancers. The map reveals new genetic factors that determine the response of tumor cells to common classes of chemotherapy treatment.
The Hobby School at the University of Houston is conducting a five-year survey to study the impact of Hurricane Harvey on residents' properties, behaviors, and policy attitudes. Early results show significant support for policies to mitigate future disasters, such as reservoir construction and floodplain restrictions.
Researchers found that HIV disables a pathway involving biological molecules that block viral activity and clear infection, allowing the virus to avoid elimination. The discovery opens a new era of HIV research focused on curing people living with the virus.
Researchers developed soft actuator prototypes with tunable parameters, achieving larger deflections than other recent examples. The 3-D printed dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) can perform high bending motion without skeletal support.
A new study published in Journal of Applied Psychology found that moderate levels of workplace anxiety can facilitate and drive performance. Employees who can harness anxiety by focusing on tasks and regulating their behavior are more likely to experience improved performance.
Two cluster-randomized trials in Africa found that conditional day 3 follow-up for children with uncomplicated fever is non-inferior to universal follow-up, allowing caregivers to return only when symptoms persist. The studies suggest that current WHO guidance may be reconsidered and could lead to more efficient use of resources.
The AChemS 40th Annual Meeting features research on the roles of smell and taste in human and animal health. New findings will be presented on topics such as smoking's effect on salt sensitivity and inflammation in gum disease.
The University of Surrey has developed a new methodology for designing smart-wearables that utilizes triboelectric materials. This technology, known as Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs), can harvest energy from movement through electrostatic induction.
A UCLA-led team of biologists reports that a six-mile-wide asteroid crash 66 million years ago created an enormous evolutionary void for marine fish to diversify. Today's rich biodiversity among marine fish shows the fingerprints of this mass extinction, with six major acanthomorph groups producing almost all marine fish diversity.
Researchers developed a new technology to detect and quantify RAS protein mutations, which are found in over 20% of human cancers. The 'top-down' approach provides precise characterization of KRAS4b proteins, revealing new avenues for cancer treatment.
A study of nearly 300 women found that while most pelvic prolapse surgeries regress over time, symptoms remain significantly improved five years post-surgery. The study suggests that neither procedure might work as well in the long-term as surgeons once thought.
A new study by USC and Australian researchers finds that audio quality affects people's perception of information credibility. When sound quality is poor, viewers think talks are worse, speakers less intelligent, and research less important.
A new study in Journal of Addiction Medicine suggests that people who use medical marijuana are at higher risk for non-medical prescription drug use, including pain relievers. The study analyzed over 57,000 responses and found that medical marijuana users were about 60% more likely to report any prescription drug use.
A new study by IHME found that global spending on HIV/AIDS peaked at $49.7 billion in 2013 and reached a total of $562.6 billion between 2000 and 2015. Governments accounted for the majority of funding, with development assistance making up 30% of total spending.
Researchers have developed novel proteomics methods to address unanswered questions in cancer research, including protein variation within tumors. This study reveals significant variations in expression of multiple proteins between areas from the center and periphery of a tumor.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have developed a new generation of targeted anti-cancer drugs for photodynamic therapy. The newly synthesized molecules accumulate tens of times more efficiently and faster than existing photosensitizer parts, opening up possibilities for creating a new class of cancer treatments.
A new study from the University of Oxford recommends regulating the digital afterlife industry to ensure ethical usage of digital remains. The guidelines used for managing human remains in archaeological exhibitions could be applied to regulate commercial use of digital remains, treating them with care and respect rather than manipulat...
A study conducted at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that flipping the classroom approach in public health does not significantly improve student performance. However, students reported greater flexibility and applied learning opportunities with the flipped format.
A new study suggests that human changes to the landscape, such as monoculture farming and forestry, are affecting honeybees' long-term food supply. The diversity of bacteria associated with bee bread, a crucial food source for young bees, is lower in hives near agriculturally improved grasslands and coniferous forests.
A new study finds that people covered by universal health coverage will likely fall far below the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 3 target by 2030. Global health spending is expected to double over the next 20 years, with high-income countries projected to spend nearly 45 times more on healthcare than low-income countries.
A study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of the Endocrine Society finds higher rates of type 1 diabetes in areas with a high proportion of fast food restaurants and convenience stores. The research suggests that an adverse food environment may contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes, particularly among adults.
The USPSTF recommends against daily supplementation with vitamin D and calcium to prevent fractures in men and premenopausal women. However, they suggest these supplements may be beneficial for postmenopausal women, as current scientific evidence is insufficient for the general population.
A recent study published in Science Advances has analyzed the nanostructure of chicken eggshells to better understand their role in embryo development. The findings suggest that specific characteristics of the eggshell could be genetically selected to produce healthier, more robust eggs.