Timothy J. Bunning received the 2019 MRS Communications Lecture for his work on gold nanoparticles and liquid crystal arrays, which demonstrates plasmonic and photo-thermal conversion capabilities.
A Phase II trial led by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reports a 90% response rate for patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) treated with tagraxofusp. The treatment was effective regardless of prior therapy, and survival rates were relatively high at 59% and 52% at 18 and 24 months, respe...
Researchers used brain scans to explore unconscious biases in movie watchers, finding that the brain is naturally biased towards people who are like us, but also against those who are different. The study suggests that our brains can be influenced by learned knowledge and external factors, changing how we perceive others.
A study found that individuals residing near protected areas in France exhibit higher levels of pro-environmental behavior, including increased support for environmental associations and participation in citizen science programs. The research attributes this trend to the inspirational impact of wilder landscapes on nature awareness.
Researchers developed a micelle-type nano-container that can be switched between assembled and disassembled states via light irradiation. The system demonstrated the release of guest molecules in water, showcasing its potential for non-invasive drug delivery.
Research suggests early melting of winter snowfall is driving the Arctic's earlier spring season, with leaves and flowers emerging up to 20 days sooner than two decades ago. Warmer temperatures and sea ice loss also contribute to this trend.
A team of engineers, dentists, and biologists from the University of Pennsylvania developed microscopic robotic cleaning crews that can precisely and non-invasively remove dental plaque. The robots use catalytic activity to kill bacteria and break down biofilms, offering a potential solution for biofilm-related infections.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have made breakthroughs in identifying who will benefit from chemotherapy using artificial intelligence and radiomics. The studies focused on markers outside the tumor that can indicate treatment response, providing hope for personalized medicine and improved patient outcomes.
A new study found that women tend to underreport snoring and underestimate its loudness, with only 72% reporting snoring compared to 88% objective measurements. Women also reported snoring less often and described it as milder, potentially due to social stigma.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds were more likely to receive inadequate end-of-life care. They were also less likely to receive specialist palliative care, which can improve symptoms and wellbeing.
Researchers found that patients with cancer requiring emergency department care had lower admission rates and higher mortality rates at non-cancer center hospitals. This may be due to a lack of cancer expertise and missed markers of worsening disease.
Scientists have created amorphous softmagnetic alloys with high magnetic properties, technological plasticity, and ultrahigh strength. The new iron-based alloys surpass common industrial analogues in terms of their properties, offering relatively low cost and simplicity of industrial production.
Researchers have developed new Cryo-Chip substrates that improve contrast and specimen retention in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging. These advancements enable faster data acquisition, leading to more efficient analysis of macromolecules in various biological systems.
Research highlights the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the importance of collaborative care to address underlying systemic inflammation. Achieving optimal glucose control is crucial in patients with coexistent T2 DM and COPD.
A team of researchers used a reduced order model to analyze data from high-fidelity simulations, gaining new knowledge about chemical reactions in hypersonic flows. The study looked at three types of gas compositions and found that vibrations temperatures could be predicted, as well as the formation of nitric oxide in small amounts.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology identify molecular mechanism behind Bombinin H2 and H4 peptides' antimicrobial properties. The peptides inhibit microbial activity by creating holes in cell membranes, ultimately killing microorganisms.
Research found that offspring born to couples married for less than three years have a 50% increase in risk for schizophrenia, while longer marriage duration is associated with a 14% reduction in risk. The study controlled for paternal age and psychiatric disorders.
A majority of US states restrict decision-making for incapacitated pregnant women, with 25 laws invalidating advance directives during pregnancy. Thirty-eight states have laws that identify pregnancy as a condition affecting decisions for incapacitated women, but these laws vary widely in content.
Researchers have developed a new imaging technique that allows them to see how living monkey brains are wired, revealing precise connections between the two hemispheres. The opto-OISI method combines optical intrinsic signal imaging and optogenetics to map brain connections point-to-point.
A study published in Psychological Science found that spousal life satisfaction was associated with lower mortality rates, even after controlling for individual factors. The research suggests that having a happy spouse can have significant consequences for one's health and longevity.
A study from Yale University finds that low mobility is a significant predictor of hospital readmission in older heart attack patients. Patients who took more than 25 seconds on the Timed Up and Go test were nearly twice as likely to be readmitted after a heart attack.
Researchers found that scratching the skin triggers a series of immune responses culminating in increased activated mast cells in the small intestine. This skin-gut communication helps illuminate the relationship between food allergy and atopic dermatitis.
A new study by researchers at the University of Illinois found that combining two cancer drugs, selinexor and 4-OHT, may prevent endocrine resistance in breast tumors. The treatment protocol was more effective than either drug alone in reducing tumor cells' viability.
A new longitudinal study found that playing video games did not affect boys' social development, but girls who played more frequently at age 10 had weaker social skills two years later. The study suggests that gaming may be a way for socially struggling youth to cope with feelings of isolation and loneliness.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered how a rare nerve tumor works and found a potential new way to fight it. The study identifies a key protein called Merlin and its connections to other proteins in the brain, which may lead to a breakthrough in treatment.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that over half of women with cardiovascular disease do not meet recommended physical activity levels. The researchers suggest targeted counseling could reduce risk and healthcare costs for these women.
A new method for predicting proton range has been introduced into clinical routine, reducing irradiated healthy tissue by 35-40%. This innovation improves treatment planning, making proton therapy more accurate and safer.
A randomized crossover trial found time-restricted eating improved glucose control, regardless of when the men chose to stop eating. The study's results suggest modulating meal times can improve glucose control and may lead to weight loss.
Researchers discovered that bacteria produce a specific stress molecule when exposed to antibiotics, causing them to divide more slowly. This adaptation allows the bacteria to survive while maintaining high tolerance, enabling them to quickly regrow when the antibiotic treatment is ceased.
A new study found that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly reduced overall mortality in older heart attack patients. The procedure saved lives for 49 young-olds, 53 middle-olds, and 54 old-olds, with a 53% reduction in death among those 75-79 years old.
A new study found that a slow-growing variant form of Lyme bacteria causes severe symptoms and resists standard single-antibiotic treatment. A three-antibiotic cocktail eradicated the infection in mice, offering a potential solution for patients with persistent Lyme disease symptoms.
Researchers at Utah State University have discovered a new mode of water surface skipping termed 'water walking', which involves elastic spheres gaining significant speed to maintain a deformed shape. The team's findings provide new insights into water impact physics and lay the foundation for future design of water-walking drones.
A new study reveals that Arctic warming will increase the economic impact of climate change, with estimated costs of $70 trillion and $25 trillion under different scenarios. The research suggests that proactive mitigation measures are necessary to keep global temperature rise below 2C.
Researchers propose a model that explains why some women develop PTSD after childhood trauma, highlighting the role of hormone regulation in resilience. The study suggests that when cortisol and oxytocin levels function properly, they serve as barriers against PTSD.
A new policy expanding lung transplant boundaries has led to increased costs due to longer travel distances, resulting in reduced organ availability for local donors. The study found that patients at smaller transplant programs are disadvantaged by the policy, particularly those in economically disadvantaged areas.
Researchers found that exposure to Spiderman and Antman movie excerpts reduces spider and ant phobia symptoms by 20%. The study suggests a new direction for positive exposure therapy, which may be an optimal solution for treating phobias. Marvel movies provide an accessible and enjoyable form of in-vitro exposure.
A new study by Tulane University researchers found that improved WIC food packages reduced obesity risk for 4-year-olds by 12% for boys and 10% for girls. The changes, made in 2009, added more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while reducing juice, milk, and cheese.
Researchers found that a 'superbug' clone of E. coli called ST131 has evolved to prevent itself from becoming the sole dominant clone, allowing it to colonize the human gut more competitively than other strains. The discovery provides insight into how this process happens and may help develop strategies to prevent it.
A DNA rearrangement in immunoglobulin lambda (IgL) translocations is associated with poorer outcomes and reduced survival benefit from immunomodulatory drugs like lenalidomide. Patients with this genetic marker are more likely to relapse and die within the first three years after diagnosis.
Researchers measured high CO2 concentrations in air blowing out to sea from cities and agricultural areas, including Silicon Valley. This process could add 25 million tons of CO2 to the ocean annually, affecting acidity.
Researchers identified a new way C. difficile causes severe disease by triggering an immune response through Th17 cells, explaining why patients with inflammatory bowel disease are more susceptible to severe infections and increasing mortality rates.
Researchers discovered that corals with thicker soft tissues can recover more quickly from bleaching due to the presence of beneficial algae. The stored energy in these tissues helps corals survive until environmental factors improve.
Researchers found that rats exposed to glyphosate during pregnancy developed prostate, kidney, and ovarian diseases, as well as obesity and birth abnormalities in subsequent generations. The study's findings suggest a potential link between glyphosate exposure and increased risk of certain health problems across multiple generations.
Researchers identified nine types of cells and subtypes in the marrow microenvironment, including vascular endothelial cells and stem cells. The study revealed a critical role of subsets of cells involved in cancer chemotherapy and immune cell production.
Researchers found a critical structure within TDP-43 that causes nerve cell death in ALS and FTD. Modifying this structure could lead to new therapies for these devastating diseases.
Chen Dong has made seminal contributions to the field of CD4 T cell subsets, including the discovery of Th17 lineage cells and T follicular helper cells. His research has improved our understanding of human diseases and led to novel treatments, such as antagonizing Th17 cell function for autoimmune diseases.
Researchers developed a dispersion method to effectively kill biofilm bacteria by depleting pyruvate, making resident bacteria susceptible to antibiotics. The method showed improved treatment of infected wounds and enhanced efficacy of conventional antibiotic therapy.
A new study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that autistic girls use more cognitive process words than boys, despite similar levels of autism severity. This suggests the need for sex-informed screening and diagnostic methods to identify girls with autism at an earlier age.
A Northwestern University and UC San Diego team has created a novel way to deliver a bioactivated, biodegradable substance through a noninvasive catheter without clogging. The approach uses self-assembling peptides that turn the body's inflammatory response into a signal to heal rather than a means of scarring.
Research at Karolinska Institutet links high HbA1c levels during pregnancy to increased preterm birth risk, affecting up to 22% of infants born to women with type 1 diabetes. The study also identifies risks of other complications for newborns, including respiratory problems and low blood sugar.
Researchers used deep brain imaging to study amygdala activity in mice, revealing two large antagonistic sets of neurons that encode opposing moment-to-moment state changes. The findings suggest a complex neural basis for internal states like anxiety, which may have implications for understanding human anxiety disorders.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet mapped immune system targets in patients with rare IPEX disease, revealing that regulatory T cells control gut-related immunotolerance. The study provides insights into the role of these cells in preventing autoimmune diseases.
A global database of women scientists has been established to combat underrepresentation in the public sphere and promote diversity in science. The Request a Woman Scientist database now includes over 7,500 women from 174 scientific disciplines and 133 countries.
A study of 1.4 million adults in England found that socioeconomically deprived individuals are 68% more likely to develop advanced chronic kidney disease than the least deprived, experiencing poorer health outcomes and quality of life. The research recommends targeted interventions to engage disadvantaged groups through improved screen...
A study by researchers at the University of Buffalo found that nearly two-thirds of cannabis users choose unhealthy snacks like chips when high, despite stereotypes suggesting otherwise.
A CU School of Medicine postdoctoral fellow created an international database of women scientists to address concerns that women's scientific expertise is often excluded in the public realm. The database has grown to list over 7,500 women and features a study published in PLOS Biology.
Researchers found that over two-thirds of atheists shed their label after a transformative experience, and most attributed long-term positive changes in life satisfaction and purpose. The study also revealed vivid memories of the encounter, with many participants reporting communication with a conscious entity and decreased fear of death.
New research reveals tube-dwelling anemones have largest mitochondrial genomes, with fragments arranged in unexpected ways and sizes varying between species. The discovery defies classic doughnut-shaped designs and raises questions about evolutionary pressures among ancient sea animals.
University of Copenhagen researchers create a nanomechanical router that emits quantum information carried by light particles, enabling the scaling up of quantum technology. The component's tiny size makes it promising for future applications, potentially achieving 'quantum supremacy' with tens of photons simultaneously.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire found that high-altitude auroras, known as Poleward Moving Auroral Forms (PMAF), cause drag on satellites by producing moving pockets of air. These 'speed bumps' were previously thought to be a simple phenomenon, but are now understood to be more complex and structured.