Researchers found that lab zebrafish have lost physiological plasticity, a characteristic that allows organisms to adjust to different environments, over time. This loss affects their ability to perform consistently across a wide range of temperatures, highlighting the costs of domestication.
Research investigates the effectiveness of different communication modes in negotiations, including video-conferencing, audio calls, text messaging, and face-to-face interaction. The study aims to identify key factors influencing negotiation outcomes, such as negotiator characteristics and conflict resolution styles.
The collaboration between public and private organizations has led to innovative applications in tourism and culture sectors. Visitors can interact with a humanoid robot and solve puzzles using Meta Quest visors connected to the 5G network, exploring artworks and moving virtual objects.
A new study by the University of Exeter predicts that the pink sea fan coral species will expand its range northwards along the British coast as global temperatures rise. The research found suitable habitat for the species beyond its current northern limits, indicating potential spread by 2100.
By using the shape of colloids, researchers can create building blocks for new materials with interesting properties. The study's findings show that the density of the structure can be lower than expected, leading to the possibility of creating strong but lightweight materials.
A new game called QuitBet is being tested to help people quit smoking by providing a fun and engaging way to adopt healthy habits. Players commit to quitting smoking over four weeks and bet $30, with winners typically doubling their money.
A recent study found that social media is a powerful tool for cities to communicate and collect information during emergencies. The research analyzed data from 23 Florida counties and their use of social media during Hurricane Irma, finding that many counties struggled with managing multiple social media accounts and correcting bad inf...
A study of 2.6 million Chicago residents found that zip codes with low vaccination rates had higher COVID-19 mortality rates during the Alpha and Delta waves. This inequitable coverage exacerbated existing racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 deaths.
Despite the US leading in cancer care spending, it doesn't show substantial lower cancer mortality rates compared to other high-income countries. Cancer care spending across 22 high-income countries reveals a lack of correlation with cancer-related mortality rates.
Researchers found that 63.2% of participants reported transformative experiences, feeling more socially connected and willing to share resources with strangers. These experiences persisted for at least six months and expanded the circle of generosity beyond family and friends.
New Cornell University research finds that women experience more frustration when praised for collaborative qualities than men, who are expected to be assertive. The study suggests that positive gender stereotypes can backfire and have negative emotional consequences for women in the workplace.
Chemists at Scripps Research unveil a new method for synthesizing diverse and complex lactones from cheap dicarboxylic acids. This breakthrough enables the creation of valuable molecules, such as natural antibiotics and fragrances.
A recent study on Reddit climate debates found little evidence of echo chambers, instead revealing a mix of polarized discussions and deliberate debate. The researchers analyzed over 18,000 posts and 267,000 comments from 93,850 users to examine topics, information sources, and community dynamics.
Research suggests that non-GAAP earnings reports can lead to a higher risk of stock price crashes due to information asymmetry and manipulation. Companies use non-GAAP earnings to present a more positive picture, but investors should be cautious when managers have an incentive to mislead them.
A new study suggests that wild animal populations can adapt more rapidly than scientists previously thought, thanks to a higher genetic contribution to differences in individual survival and reproduction. This rapid adaptation could aid species' odds of survival, but may be hindered by habitat loss and climate change.
ETRI showcases its 8K-UHD media service technology based on ATSC 3.0 standards, which enables seamless 8K-UHD broadcasting and 5G convergence. The technology includes MIMO-based 8K service technology, OTA/OTT converged 8K service technology, and 5G-MBMS broadcasting system.
A recent study by Durham University and Illinois Institute of Technology found that controlling message approaches can have negative effects on attitudes towards social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, an autonomy-supportive approach was shown to lower feelings of defiance and increase positive motivation.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that judges give significantly shorter sentences when provided with the full costs and benefits of incarceration. The research team from Georgia State University recruited 87 Minnesota state judges who were given a fictional case summary with additional details on the negative c...
The study found that standing orders significantly raised guideline adherence for patients on intermediate FN risk regimens but did not change the FN rate among patients on chemotherapy at any risk level. Prophylactic CSF use rates were substantially below guidelines for both high-risk and low-risk regimens.
A global dataset of river avulsions confirms the existence of three distinct regimes: fan avulsions that occur when a river transitions to flatter topography, backwater-scaled delta avulsions found in low-sloping deltas along major waterways, and extreme sediment load delta avulsions triggered by intense flooding and sediment transport.
A new modeling study suggests that reducing phosphorus levels in Lake Erie may lead to an increase in toxin production from cyanobacteria. The study found that biologically informed models can reproduce emergent properties of blooms not predicted by traditional models, and that a shift in thinking is needed for water management.
Cornell researchers develop smaller gene-editing tool, IscB-ωRNA, to solve size problem of delivering CRISPR-Cas9 into every cell. The tool works similarly to CRISPR-Cas9 but with a smaller RNA component, offering new starting point for more powerful and accessible gene editing tools.
Pediatric pathologists have discovered a new, aggressive subtype of liver cancer in children, characterized by molecular features that don't fit existing classification models. The tumors are less responsive to chemotherapy and have poor outcomes, prompting the development of a diagnostic algorithm to guide specialized treatment.
A new machine learning tool assesses extinction risk for reptiles with limited data, revealing a higher number of threatened species than previously estimated. The study highlights the need for increased conservation efforts in regions such as Australia, Madagascar, and the Amazon basin.
SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Biology·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMay 26, 2022
A combination of hormone therapy and pelvic lymph node radiation treatment significantly improved survival rates among patients with postoperative prostate cancer, extending their lives by nearly five years. This study published in The Lancet found that nearly 90% of clinical trial patients remained free from progression for five years.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 130 studies found that asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections account for 14-50% of cases, with a secondary attack rate two-thirds lower in those without symptoms. Asymptomatic individuals are less infectious than symptomatic ones.
A new study describes a troglobitic clam species from northern Brazil, characterized by lack of pigmentation and reduced size. The discovery highlights the importance of conserving fragile subterranean habitats threatened by recently amended laws in Brazil.
Researchers at Yale University have found a new connection between superconductivity and charge density waves, which could lead to the development of room-temperature superconductors. By manipulating charge density waves, scientists may be able to control and alter superconductivity.
A new study found that COVID-19's delta surge led to a significant prevalence of smell and taste loss in approximately 100% of active cases, contradicting self-reports. The loss persists even after mild infections, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine developed a nanoparticle-based inhibitor that successfully triggers the immune system to eliminate brain tumors in mouse models. The approach breaks the shield built by glioma cells around the immune system, allowing the immune cells to attack and delay tumor progression.
Researchers developed a biodegradable, wireless micro-electro-mechanical system for minimally invasive heart monitoring and control. The device eliminates the need for surgical procedures and reduces infection risks compared to traditional implanted devices.
A recent study at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center found that biologic drugs for inflammatory bowel disease may improve the T-cell immune response in patients vaccinated against COVID-19. This could potentially offer protection against severe disease. The study suggests that these treatments may be used to monitor vaccine and booster outcomes.
Nemvaleukin alfa, a new immunotherapy drug, has shown potential in treating late-stage cancers. The drug, used alone or in combination with pembrolizumab, stopped tumor growth or resulted in shrinkage for some patients with advanced kidney and melanoma cancers.
A new study found that most currently and previously pregnant women with hypothyroidism received adequate counseling on thyroid hormone replacement therapy during pregnancy. However, approximately one-third of patients who had never been pregnant received counseling, indicating a gap in care.
A report by Washington State Department of Health and colleagues outlines efforts to develop and advance Foundational Public Health Services (FPHS) in three states: Ohio, Oregon, and Washington. These states are part of PHNCI's 21st Century Learning Community, focused on advancing public health transformation.
A new study by the University of Exeter found that antibiotic-resistant plasmid molecules can spread quickly through bacterial communities, making them more resistant to antibiotics. This raises concerns about the potential for antimicrobial resistance to spread in environmental settings and impact human health.
New research reveals that bottlenose dolphin signature whistles are shaped by the local ocean environment and population demographics, not genetics. In Mediterranean populations, areas with seagrass yielded higher-pitched, shorter signature whistles compared to muddy sea bottoms.
Researchers have discovered deep underground magma containing 8-20 weight percent water, far wetter than previously thought. This find sheds light on the role of water in explosive volcanic eruptions and the formation of economic ore deposits.
Lan Yang, a leading researcher in photonic devices, has been selected for the award due to her exceptional academic achievements. She is recognized as one of the most-cited researchers in her field, with work cited nearly 17,500 times.
Researchers found that neoadjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab significantly shrunk tumors in patients with desmoplastic melanoma, potentially allowing for less extensive surgery and radiation. The study showed a high response rate to treatment, with over half of patients achieving a pathologic complete response.
A new study has discovered that the raw material for evolution is much more abundant in wild animals than previously believed. Researchers found that many populations of birds and mammals can evolve surprisingly fast, with their genetic difference in survival and reproduction being two to four times higher than previously thought.
Infants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at 24 months had differences in visual processing areas of the brain apparent at 6 months old. These early changes could affect further brain development and play a role in ASD symptoms.
Researchers present a 'green' process for tie-dyeing cotton with renewable resources and wastes, linking science, art, and sustainability. The natural dyes used produce designs of white, brown, orange, and bluish-black colors on fabrics.
Two graduate students from Virginia universities selected to receive support through the Office of Science Graduate Student Research program will conduct research at Jefferson Lab. The program provides world-class training and access to state-of-the-art facilities, aiming to prepare students for critical jobs in science and innovation.
A study found that 70% of women who froze eggs at age 38 and thawed had a baby, compared to fewer than 30% undergoing IVF at age 40. Egg freezing resulted in higher pregnancy success rates than using fresh embryos.
Researchers develop targeted delivery system to boost regulatory T cells, which manage inflammation and reduce brain damage. The treatment increases IL2 levels, allowing regulatory T cells to survive and reducing cognitive impairment.
A recent study reveals that 91% of athletes display dysfunctional breathing patterns, which can lead to increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries. The study emphasizes the importance of screening and addressing these patterns through targeted interventions and breathing training protocols.
A study of 195 children revealed severe airway injuries from button battery ingestion, highlighting the urgent need for awareness and prevention. The research underscores the critical importance of educating parents and caregivers on safe handling practices.
Researchers found that hypomethylating agents can activate the SALL4 oncogene in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, resulting in poor survival outcomes. Early intervention targeting SALL4 pathways may improve treatment and patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified unique differences in the visual systems of infants who later develop autism, which are associated with inherited genetic factors. These differences in brain structure and function precede the appearance of autistic symptoms and are related to the severity of autism traits in older siblings.
A global survey of 51 healthcare facilities from 35 countries found that 98% lacked key components of World Health Organization's multimodal improvement strategies for infection prevention and control. The study results will inform refinement of a self-assessment tool to enhance HEH practices globally, reducing healthcare-associated in...
A team of researchers, backed by a $8 million US Department of Defense grant, aims to identify potential treatment options and ways to block brain inflammation caused by repetitive blast exposures. They will use advanced brain imaging and blood sampling to understand the role of neuroinflammation in TBI.
The circular economy faces challenges in implementing international policies due to spatiotemporal dimensions of environmental risk and variability of global policies. The article proposes ways forward for anthropogenic circularity, including controlling toxic releases, international flow of materials, and harmonization of internationa...
A 390-million-year-old fossil vertebrate has been classified as a member of Sarcopterygii, a group of lobe-finned fishes. The discovery sheds new light on the evolutionary history of four-limbed animals and their early ancestors.
Researchers propose a new verifiable searchable symmetric encryption scheme supporting conjunctive keyword queries, enabling both correctness and completeness verifiability without pairing operations. This improves the computational cost in the verification process, making it more efficient.
Researchers use AI software to identify invasive species and native trees threatened by disease from photos taken by on-train cameras. This technology enables railway workers to take action to better manage lineside vegetation and achieve biodiversity net gain by 2035.
Kaiser Permanente researchers present 10 studies on improving cancer care delivery, including strategies to reduce hospitalizations and mortality among older patients. The studies also explore the use of real-world data versus clinical trials in cancer treatment.
The research highlights the importance of social science in engaging people and societies, ensuring a green transition that promotes wellbeing, equity, and fairness. The study suggests that both profound societal change and technical improvements are needed to meet climate goals.
A new antibiotic, cilagicin, has been synthesized at Rockefeller University using computational models of bacterial gene products. The compound works by binding to both molecules in bacterial cell walls, making it resistant to resistance mechanisms. This novel approach to drug discovery may lead to a new generation of antibiotics.
A Swedish study found that rates of adverse events after hip replacement surgery are essentially the same for procedures performed by female and male orthopaedic surgeons. The overall rate of adverse events was lower for THA procedures performed by female surgeons, at 6%, compared to 7% for male surgeons.