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Science News Archive March 2023 - Page 32


Page 32 of 44

NUS researchers develop new imaging approach to diagnose advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Researchers have developed a new imaging approach to diagnose advanced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH). The enzyme-sensitive nanoprobe emits signals that can be detected by MRI techniques, providing more accurate and sensitive data for diagnosis. This breakthrough aims to improve the treatment outcomes of NASH patients.

SourceNational University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine·JournalACS Nano·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMar 9, 2023
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Invasive grass in Texas uses chemical warfare to crowd out native species

Guinea grass, an invasive species in Texas, uses a combination of crowding and chemical toxins to suppress native plants. The researchers found that the toxicity of guinea grass increases dramatically when its shading effect is combined with its chemical warfare, making it harder for native plants to survive.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Austin·JournalEcosphere·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023

Positive emotion drives disinformation ads on Facebook

Research by University of Florida researchers found that disinformation ads on Facebook use a clear recipe with short ad buys, familiar language, and big budgets to reach more people. The most engaging ads were full of positive feelings encouraging good emotions about one's own groups rather than bad emotions towards others.

SourceUniversity of Florida·JournalJournal of Interactive Advertising·TypeContent analysis·DateMar 9, 2023

New models accurately simulate the behavior of sea ice

Researchers have developed a new sea ice model that can analyze the size and thickness of individual ice floes and their motion in greater detail. This allows for more precise predictions about their behavior, especially in areas where climate change has led to an increase in loose sea ice.

SourceOtto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg·DateMar 9, 2023

Knots smaller than human hair make materials unusually tough

Engineers at Caltech develop new material made from interconnected microscale knots, which absorb more energy and deform more while maintaining their original shape. These knotted materials exhibit a tensile toughness that far surpasses unknotted materials, with 92% more energy absorption and twice the strain required to snap.

SourceCalifornia Institute of Technology·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Disturbances in eating behaviors and menstrual function can expose female athletes to injuries and earlier termination of a sports career

A study of female endurance athletes found that disturbances in eating behaviors predict a shorter sports career, as well as increased injuries. Menstrual dysfunction was also linked to both shorter careers and more frequent injuries.

SourceUniversity of Jyväskylä - Jyväskylän yliopisto·JournalBMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine·TypeSurvey·DateMar 9, 2023

Emergency department visits for attempted suicides rose globally among youth during pandemic

A study led by the University of Calgary found a 22% increase in children and adolescents seeking emergency department care for suicide attempts and an 8% increase for suicidal ideation during the pandemic. This trend contradicts the overall decrease in pediatric ER visits, highlighting the need for mental health resources and services.

SourceUniversity of Calgary·JournalThe Lancet Psychiatry·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMar 9, 2023

Allergies in Europe: regional differences in sensitization profiles identified in children for the first time

A comprehensive European allergy atlas has been compiled, revealing regional and climate-related differences in sensitisation to allergens. The study found varying sensitisation patterns across Europe, with certain regions having lower sensitivity to house dust mites and higher sensitivity to peanut and fruit allergens.

SourceMedical University of Vienna·JournalAllergy·DateMar 9, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Less threat – better performance in tests

Researchers found that those perceiving an oral exam as a challenge tend to perform better and have lower cortisol levels. Experts advise examiners to create a supportive atmosphere to reduce stress. This study highlights the importance of self-efficacy in presentation performance.

SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalContemporary Educational Psychology·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023

New Monterey Bay Aquarium study shares the intimate details of sea otter surrogacy; affirms its effectiveness to rehabilitate orphaned pups

A new study by Monterey Bay Aquarium reveals the key components contributing to successful releases of orphaned southern sea otters back into the wild. The research emphasizes the strong maternal drive of surrogate female sea otters in nurturing and caring for pups, resulting in a three-quarters success rate.

SourceMonterey Bay Aquarium·JournalBiological Conservation·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 9, 2023

Colloids get creative to pave the way for next generation photonics

Researchers at the University of Birmingham have devised a way to fabricate a complex structure, previously found only in nature, to control light in the visible range. This new approach uses self-assembled colloidal particles to create chiral photonic crystals with tailored optical properties.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalAdvanced Materials·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 9, 2023

Agricultural certification stimulates compliance with environmental legislation by coffee farms in Brazil

A study in Brazil found that agricultural certification can encourage compliance with environmental laws, but doesn't necessarily reduce deforestation or increase natural regeneration. Certified coffee farms showed a general tendency for increased compliance, particularly in protected areas like the Atlantic Rainforest.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·DateMar 9, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

The “MIDAS” platform detects protein-metabolite interactions

The MIDAS platform enables systematic discovery of elusive protein-metabolite interactions, revealing 830 new PMIs in human carbohydrate metabolism. The study identifies previously unknown regulatory mechanisms, including lactate dehydrogenase regulation by ATP, with potential therapeutic applications.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateMar 9, 2023

New biosensor reveals activity of elusive metal that’s essential for life

A new biosensor developed by Penn State researchers offers dynamic insights into manganese's role in biological systems, opening doors to new research applications. The sensor's capabilities may lead to breakthroughs in understanding photosynthesis, host-pathogen interactions, and neurobiology.

SourcePenn State·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Online ‘personal brands’ key to job success for Gen Z

New research reveals that Gen Z values authenticity in online personal branding strategies, using platforms like LinkedIn to project strong impressions. Study findings suggest that imperfection is beneficial for job seekers, with employers seeking unique points and cultural fit.

SourceUniversity of East Anglia·JournalInformation Technology and People·DateMar 9, 2023

Americans share fake news to fit in with social circles

Research finds that both conservative and liberal Americans share fake news due to a fear of exclusion from their social groups. The study suggests that pre-bunking methods and highlighting the importance of accurate news can help reduce the spread of fake news.

SourceAmerican Psychological Association·JournalJournal of Experimental Psychology·DateMar 9, 2023

The giant faba bean genome decoded

The giant faba bean genome has been successfully sequenced, offering insights into its traits such as drought tolerance and protein content. This breakthrough has the potential to improve crop yields and reduce reliance on artificial fertilizers, making faba bean a more attractive crop for sustainable agriculture.

SourceAarhus University·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Life in the smoke of underwater volcanoes

Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria, Sulfurimonas pluma, living in cold, oxygen-saturated hydrothermal plumes globally. The microorganism uses hydrogen as an energy source, contrary to previous assumptions and expanding our understanding of its ecological role.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology·JournalNature Microbiology·DateMar 9, 2023

Controlled on-chip fabrication of large-scale perovskite single crystal arrays for high-performance laser and photodetector integration

The study introduces a novel SC-ASC strategy for fabricating high-quality perovskite single crystal arrays with precise control over shape, resolution, and position accuracy. The method enables the growth of high-Q-factor lasers and stable photodetectors.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateMar 9, 2023

Scientists call for global push to eliminate space junk

Experts call for a legally-binding treaty to govern Earth's orbit, citing the growing threat of satellite debris. With an expected 60,000 satellites in orbit by 2030, scientists warn that large parts of space could become unusable if action is not taken immediately.

SourceUniversity of Plymouth·JournalScience·TypeLiterature review·DateMar 9, 2023

Advanced imaging may help in clinical treatment of prostate cancer

A trial using PSMA-PET/CT scans has shown that clinicians changed their treatment plans for patients with clinically significant prostate cancer in 19% of cases, helping to detect more cancers. The technique was found to be beneficial in high-risk patients but also led to false positives requiring further investigations.

SourceEuropean Association of Urology·DateMar 9, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Customizing catalysts for solid-state reactions

Chemists have developed a high-performance catalyst specifically designed for solid-state mechanochemical synthesis, achieving efficient reactivity at near room temperature. The approach uses a metal catalyst attached to a long polymer molecule, which traps the catalyst in a fluid-phase, enabling fast and energy-efficient reactions.

SourceHokkaido University·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023

Toxic Twitter abuse could skew UK wildlife law

A new study found that toxic online rows about trophy hunting are becoming increasingly abusive on Twitter, with 7% of tweets containing abusive content. This hostile atmosphere is silencing conservation viewpoints and policymakers are less aware of them.

SourceUniversity of Reading·JournalConservation Biology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 9, 2023

A safe synthesis of hydrogen peroxide inspired by nature

The new homogeneous catalyst enables the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide with improved efficiency and safety. The process requires only one step and no separation of gases from the reaction flask.

SourceKyushu University·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023

Virtual reality games can be used as a tool in personnel assessment

A study by University of Cologne researchers found that virtual reality gamers completed tasks faster with higher levels of general intelligence and processing capacity. The results suggest VR games can be used as a tool for predicting job performance, bridging the gap between research and practice.

SourceUniversity of Cologne·JournalVirtual Reality·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

People who have symptoms of depression may have an increased risk of having a stroke

Researchers at University of Galway discovered that individuals experiencing depression symptoms are more likely to suffer acute strokes and experience poor recovery outcomes. The INTERSTROKE study, involving 26,877 adults across 32 countries, revealed a significant link between depressive symptoms and stroke risk.

SourceUniversity of Galway·JournalNeurology·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMar 9, 2023

Engineering breakthrough in softbotics

Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created a soft material with metal-like conductivity and self-healing properties that can support digital electronics and motors. The material has been demonstrated in various applications, including powering motors and enabling reconfigurable circuits.

SourceCollege of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University·JournalNature Electronics·DateMar 9, 2023

Chung-Ang University researchers develop smart portable sensing system for monitoring precast structures during delivery

The novel portable wireless sensing system measures strain and acceleration in real-time, generating a safety assessment report to prevent damage and ensure safe delivery. While effective, the system lacks real-time data management capabilities, requiring future development of a cloud-based monitoring system.

SourceChung Ang University·JournalAutomation in Construction·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023

Ancient virus genome drives autism?

Research at Kobe University reveals that endogenous retrovirus activation increases a fetus's susceptibility to autism, leading to differences in brain structure and behavior. The study identifies BTBR/R mice as a more accurate model of autism, exhibiting autistic-like behaviors without reduced learning ability.

SourceKobe University·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 9, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Olive oil by-product could aid exercise - study

Researchers at Anglia Ruskin University found that consuming a hydroxytyrosol-rich, olive-derived phytocomplex improved respiratory parameters, oxygen consumption, and running economy during aerobic exercise. The study also showed reduced perceived exertion and enhanced acute recovery.

SourceAnglia Ruskin University·JournalNutrients·DateMar 8, 2023

Incident atrial fibrillation appears to heighten dementia risk

People with recent atrial fibrillation diagnosis have a 13% higher risk of developing dementia. A stronger link is seen in younger patients and those without chronic kidney disease. The study's findings may lead to important clinical and public health implications.

SourceUniversity of Washington School of Medicine/UW Medicine·JournalJournal of the American Heart Association·TypeObservational study·DateMar 8, 2023

How mums are taking the lead in shaping children’s education – new study

A new global study found that mother's educational status is increasingly important in shaping children's educational status, while father's educational status has declined. The research challenges traditional assumptions on social mobility and highlights the need for a gender-sensitive approach to measuring intergenerational mobility.

SourceLancaster University·JournalNature Human Behaviour·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 8, 2023

UAB startup receives $2.5 million FastTrack Grant from the NIH

Alveolus Bio, a UAB startup, has received a $2.5 million FastTrack grant from the NIH to support the development of first-of-its-kind inhaled biotherapeutics for chronic lung disease COPD. The company aims to create FDA-approved treatments for 15.7 million people affected by COPD worldwide.

SourceUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham·DateMar 8, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Study suggests little deterioration in mental health linked to the pandemic

A recent study suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a relatively small impact on mental health, with general population symptoms showing little change. However, specific groups such as women and certain age groups experienced worsening of depression symptoms, while others showed improvement in mental health and anxiety symptoms.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalThe BMJ·TypeSystematic review·DateMar 8, 2023

New study: abatacept therapy offers promising results treating juvenile dermatomyositis

A new study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology reports significant improvements in disease activity for patients with refractory juvenile dermatomyositis treated with abatacept therapy. The randomized controlled trial demonstrates the potential of abatacept as a treatment option for this rare and debilitating condition.

SourceGeorge Washington University·JournalArthritis & Rheumatology·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMar 8, 2023

Mediterranean diet the best prevention against prostate cancer

A Mediterranean diet rich in colourful fruits and vegetables helps prevent prostate cancer and speeds up recovery after radiation treatment. Foods such as tomatoes, melons, and nuts are particularly beneficial due to their high levels of lycopene and selenium.

SourceUniversity of South Australia·JournalCancers·TypeCase study·DateMar 8, 2023

Viable superconducting material created in University of Rochester lab

Researchers at the University of Rochester have created a nitrogen-doped lutetium hydride that exhibits superconductivity at 69 degrees Fahrenheit and 10 kilobars of pressure. This breakthrough material has the potential to enable practical applications, as it reduces the required pressure for superconductivity to occur.

SourceUniversity of Rochester·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 8, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Anthropogenic climate change poses systemic risk to coffee cultivation

A study published in PLOS Climate suggests that climate change is significantly affecting land where coffee is cultivated, particularly due to synchronous climate hazards occurring in multiple areas. The researchers found an increase in climate hazards and compound events threatening coffee crops globally between 1980 and 2020.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Climate·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 8, 2023

Eyes in the sky: using drones to assess the severity of crop diseases

Researchers combined drones and machine learning to gauge bacterial blight outbreaks and screen for resistant genes in rice crops. The approach provided accurate predictions of disease severity and enabled the detection of previously unknown QTLs related to BB resistance.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalPlant Phenomics·DateMar 8, 2023

For educational attainment, it's more helpful to grow up in an affluent neighborhood than it is harmful to grow up in a poor one, per 23-year large Netherlands cohort study

A recent large-scale Netherlands cohort study found that growing up in an affluent neighborhood has a more significant positive impact on educational attainment than growing up in a poor one. Exposure to affluence was found to have a greater effect, surpassing the negative effects of poverty.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·DateMar 8, 2023

Neural puppeteer

Researchers from University of Konstanz develop 'neural puppeteer' AI model to predict animal poses and appearances, enabling analysis of intermediate motions. The system uses 3D key points to calculate statistically likely steps, crucial for studying collective behavior in wildlife.

SourceUniversity of Konstanz·JournalComputer Science·DateMar 8, 2023

Just add water: How diluting ouzo liquor could lead to better emulsions

Researchers used high-resolution microscopy to study the formation of ouzo droplets, finding a unique internal structure with concentrated anise extract at the edge and water/ethanol in the center. This discovery could help create highly stable emulsions in cosmetics and paints.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·JournalACS Central Science·DateMar 8, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

'Other' race/ethnicity linked to higher suicide and overdose risk in military members with mild TBI

A new study reveals that military members with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) who identify as 'Other' are at a significantly higher risk of suicide and overdose deaths. The study found that the rates of these deaths were highest among members of this group, despite making up only 7.38% of the study sample.

SourceWolters Kluwer Health·JournalJournal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation·DateMar 8, 2023

A better way to produce fertilizers

Researchers engineer crops and symbiotic bacteria to produce nitrogen fertilizer, reducing reliance on industrially produced fertilizers. The approach aims to create a symbiotic relationship between the bacteria and crop plants, promoting efficient nutrient exchange.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalBioDesign Research·DateMar 8, 2023

RNA: Don't kill the messenger

A protein complex formed of HuR and YB1 is crucial for messenger RNA stability during muscle-fiber formation. Further research could help scientists influence protein synthesis and develop novel therapeutics for muscle-related pathologies.

SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalNucleic Acids Research·DateMar 8, 2023

PSU study: Everything was stronger in that deadly June 2021 PNW heatwave

A record-breaking heatwave in the Pacific Northwest in June 2021 was attributed to a strong high-pressure ridge, which intensified when an atmospheric river moved into Alaska, releasing massive amounts of moisture. The air was exceptionally hot when brought down to the surface due to its temperature aloft.

SourcePortland State University·JournalMonthly Weather Review·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 8, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Marine mammal reproduction rests on a precarious tipping point of ocean resources

A new study reveals a sharp threshold in the relationship between mass gain and pup production in female elephant seals, suggesting a physiological tipping point. The researchers found that dive depth was the strongest predictor of mass gain, with animals gaining more than 260 kilograms having almost guaranteed pup success.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Cruz·JournalEcology Letters·DateMar 8, 2023

New pain medications are still widely inaccessible to individuals living with sickle cell disease

A new study found that less than 4% of people with sickle cell disease have prescriptions for newer FDA-approved pain-relieving drugs, despite their availability. The study also revealed significant gaps in prescription patterns by geographic region and age group, emphasizing the need for education and access to treatment options.

SourceAmerican Society of Hematology·JournalBlood Advances·DateMar 8, 2023

Hitting nuclei with light may create fluid primordial matter

Theoretical calculations accurately describe data from ATLAS experiment collisions of photons with lead nuclei, revealing a strongly interacting fluid that exhibits hydrodynamic behavior. This finding supports the creation of quark-gluon plasma in photon-heavy ion collisions.

SourceDOE/US Department of Energy·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 8, 2023
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Dementia the top COVID-19 risk factor for seniors in care

A University of Gothenburg study reveals that dementia is the dominant risk factor for COVID-19 infection and mortality among residents of Swedish nursing homes. Early-onset dementia was found to be the strongest association with increased mortality rates, particularly in the 65–75 age group.

SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalAmerican Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 8, 2023

Mass General researchers discover the role of intestinal fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Researchers at Mass General Hospital have found that intestinal fibrosis plays a critical role in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), affecting the growth and differentiation of intestinal stem cells. The study suggests targeting mechanosensing pathways may offer an attractive therapeutic strategy for IBD.

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalGastroenterology·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 8, 2023