A pooled analysis of four multinational cohort studies found consistent associations between physical activity and reduced all-cause mortality risk throughout adulthood. The promotion of regular physical activity is essential for reducing mortality risk at all stages of adult life.
A new neuroimaging marker, peak-width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), has been validated as a susceptibility/risk biomarker for small vessel disease contributing to cognitive impairment and dementia. The study found that PSMD explained cognitive status above and beyond white matter hyperintensities.
A new study led by the University of Washington found that only about 7% of areas at highest risk for whale-ship collisions have any measures in place. The team identified high-risk regions, including coastal areas along the Mediterranean, Americas, southern Africa, and parts of Asia, where whales and ships are most likely to meet.
A recent study by the University of Edinburgh found that preschool children who struggle to control their emotions and behaviour are more likely to display ADHD symptoms and conduct issues at age seven. Children with slower emotional regulation skills are also at risk of internalising behaviours such as sadness and worries.
A new sulfide-based solid electrolyte, Li10GeP2S12, is synthesized using a solution-based method with high room-temperature ionic conductivity. The study reveals unique electrochemical properties and mechanisms associated with the liquid-phase approach.
Large language models show promise in identifying housing instability from clinical notes, but AI interpretation can be incorrect and human review is still necessary. De-identification methods also require refinement to preserve privacy without losing important details.
A study of U.S. adults on anti-obesity medications found that 25% reported wasting more food since taking the drugs, while changes in diet and eating habits appeared to offset some of this waste, particularly among those who consumed more vegetables.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that patients with heart pumps can regenerate heart muscle cells at a rate more than six times higher than in healthy hearts, offering new hope for therapies to stimulate the heart's ability to repair itself after damage.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham developed an AI tool called EVOLVEpro that can engineer proteins to be more stable, precise, and efficient. The tool has shown promise in improving medications used for treating autoimmune diseases, genetic diseases, and cancer.
Research highlights knowledge gaps in plastics' effects on climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental pollution. Scientists found only a few studies addressing impacts on climate change and biodiversity, while the majority focus on environmental pollution.
A new study has found that hundreds of genes, rather than a single 'aberrant' genetic variant, contribute to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy. Researchers developed a polygenic risk score to assess individual risk and found those with the highest genetic risk had a fourfold chance of developing the disease.
A University of Michigan study found that glyphosate-resistant morning glory plants are also resistant to chewing insects. The researchers discovered a positive correlation between glyphosate resistance and insect resistance, suggesting that the herbicide disrupts the co-evolution of plants and their insect herbivores.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool used AI to develop a personalised method for treating urinary tract infections, improving accuracy and reducing antibiotic resistance. The new approach uses real-time data to target specific bacterial infections, making antibiotics more effective.
Researchers explore adapting agricultural techniques, such as integrated pest management, to treat cancer. By managing cancer as a chronic condition, adaptive therapy aims to overcome treatment resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers will study online therapy's impact on cognitive health in older ICU survivors struggling with depression, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to determine if internet-based CBT can slow subjective cognitive decline in this population.
Researchers sequenced tissue and plasma samples from patients with conventional CRAs to identify genetic alterations. They found that a small proportion of samples successfully detected tissue-origin variants within matched cfDNA. The study also explored the genomic characteristics and progression of cancer from CRA to CRC-I, highlight...
Researchers found that mega-settlements in the Black Sea region practiced social distancing through clustered layouts to contain disease outbreaks. The pie-shaped clustering of houses at Nebelivka reduced the spread of early foodborne diseases, helping survival in early farming villages.
Adolescents who snore frequently exhibit behavior problems like inattention and rule-breaking, but not cognitive decline. The study tracked nearly 12,000 children from age 9-10 to age 15, finding no correlation between snoring and reduced cognitive abilities.
Researchers advocate using imagination and 'design-based research' to prepare urban river deltas for climate change. By visualizing possible futures, civic engagement and motivation can be encouraged, leading to more effective climate adaptation.
The Greenlight Plus trial found that technological interventions and policies can help prevent childhood obesity at an early age. The study suggests that targeted prevention efforts can reduce the risk of obesity in children, setting a promising foundation for future prevention strategies.
The study analyzes the impact of enunciation on speech-to-text accuracy in medical situations, highlighting challenges with medical terms and noisy environments. A new audio dataset was created to improve the technology's usefulness for healthcare professionals.
The Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS) is accepting research abstracts and session proposal submissions for SLEEP 2025. Accepted abstracts will be published online and explore topics such as machine learning, sleep and the glymphatic system, and obesity management.
A study by LMU Munich found that a clear majority of German citizens (73%) support carbon pricing, with the most popular model being one where all citizens receive an upfront sum equal to expected carbon revenues. The effect of carbon taxation on consumer decisions is underestimated.
Researchers found that Florida panthers are not at increased risk for contracting chronic wasting disease from eating infected deer. The study provides relief to conservation efforts, as the disease has spread through North America's deer and elk populations.
Researchers at UNC Health Care have discovered a little-known protein, PDGFA-associated protein 1 (PDAP1), that plays a crucial role in the replication and infection of hepatitis A virus. The protein is used by the virus to exploit the host cell's stress response, allowing it to produce its own proteins necessary for replication.
The ASH Minority Recruitment Initiative shows lower attrition rates for participants in graduate and medical programs, leading to more career pursuits in hematology. Participants also exhibit high levels of engagement with the American Society of Hematology beyond their program participation.
Researchers have successfully regenerated human epidermal keratinocytes into sweat gland-like cells using a combination of chemicals. These cells, called ciSGCs, restored thermoregulatory sweating and released bioactive factors to stimulate tissue repair in burned skin.
A new study from Kessler Foundation scientists examines the determinants of feedback-seeking behavior and its impact on learning. The findings suggest that low confidence in task performance significantly motivates individuals to seek corrective feedback, which enhances learning outcomes.
A new survey highlights the need to revive England's hedgerows to meet national restoration targets. While agri-environment schemes have improved hedge condition, overall length remains unchanged. Experts call for increased participation and better incentives among farmers and landowners to rejuvenate the network.
Researchers are assessing the impact of spongy moth defoliation on blacklegged tick survival and the spread of Lyme disease. The team set up 144 mesh enclosures to study ticks in different conditions, including heavily defoliated areas and those with lower defoliation.
Long-term use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors can destroy the kidney's filtering ability, causing scarring and other changes that lead to vascular disease. The discovery offers a new understanding of the effects on the kidney and sets the stage for identifying ways to protect it.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University found that suppression of Pcdh8 is essential for proper notochord elongation in zebrafish embryos. This study may lead to novel tumor therapies in humans due to the gene's role in controlling cell proliferation.
Polyphyllin II reduces cell migration and invasion in bladder cancer cells by inducing cytoskeletal rearrangement. The compound also inhibits pulmonary metastatic nodules and ROCK1 expression in the lungs.
Researchers found that middle meningeal artery embolization reduces treatment failure rates in chronic subdural hematoma patients without increasing short-term stroke risk. The study's findings emphasize the need to update treatment protocols in the field, making MMAE a beneficial adjunctive treatment for eligible patients.
A breakthrough in vaccine development has led to the creation of an effective, inexpensive, and simple COVID-19 vaccine that can be stored at room temperature. The nano-vaccine trains the immune system against all common COVID-19 variants, eliminating the need for ultra-cold storage and skilled personnel.
A new study using AI algorithms and domain knowledge reveals that metal-metal interactions play a crucial role in support effects, stabilizing dispersed catalysts and impacting interfacial processes. This breakthrough provides theoretical guidance on interface design and engineering, advancing the field of catalysis.
Researchers at Clemson University have discovered a potential new therapeutic target for hidradenitis suppurativa, an immune disease causing painful skin lesions and inflammation. The study identifies CD2 as a key immune receptor with elevated expression on T cells and innate lymphoid cells in affected skin tissue.
The Middle East and North Africa are projected to experience up to 9 degrees Celsius of warming by 2100, surpassing the 2-degree threshold. The region's dry deserts make it difficult for cooling through soil moisture evaporation, leading to rapid warming.
Researchers at Rutgers University have uncovered how various brain cell types work together to form large-scale functional networks in the human brain. The study found that certain cell-type distributions align with specific networks in the brain's cortex, highlighting a connection between cellular underpinnings and brain function.
A new study examines livestock-keeping effects on mosquito population density and disease spread. Livestock can increase mosquito populations, while sentinel animals like pigs and horses can detect arboviruses.
A clinical trial found that cetuximab was more effective than durvalumab in treating advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head or neck, with a higher probability of being alive and free of disease at two years. Cetuximab's efficacy was similar whether or not the cancer was associated with HPV.
Scientists have identified a gene variant directly linked to accelerated reproductive aging and early miscarriages in women. The discovery could provide valuable information for women considering reproduction, enabling them to make informed decisions about timing and fertility treatment.
Researchers have developed Cu-MOF nanozymes with laccase-like activity for intelligent food detection, exhibiting varying responses to common bioactive substances. The nanozyme-encoded array sensors enable portable and convenient detection of substances in a concentration range of 1.5–150 μg/mL.
A new XR simulator has been introduced to equip nursing students with skills needed in caring for children requiring mechanical ventilation and tracheal suctioning. The simulator, Simmar+ESTE-SIM, combines physical equipment with computer programs to provide comprehensive training.
Researchers found that short-term MHT did not cause long-term cognitive decline in women in early postmenopause. The KEEPS Continuation Study suggests that timing is crucial for the safety of MHT.
Researchers developed chlorophyll-based structures with controlled hierarchical stacking, mimicking natural photosynthetic systems. The study demonstrates the potential for creating materials that surpass natural capabilities in efficiency and adaptability.
Researchers have identified chloronitramide anion, a previously unknown contaminant produced by inorganic chloramines, in millions of Americans' tap water. The compound's toxicity remains untested, prompting concerns about the safety of chloramine in public water supplies.
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center found that metabolic and bariatric surgery is largely safe and effective for patients with a BMI of 70 kg/m2 or higher, with low rates of complications and durable weight loss. The study analyzed data from 84 patients and demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these surgeries in tre...
A study published in Psychological Science found that 2-year-olds rely on grammatical information to understand the meaning of new words. The researchers used focus signals in sentences to manipulate children's responses, showing that young kids can absorb grammatical cues and leverage them to learn new words.
Researchers are developing a novel vaccine and exploring the use of bile acids to fight necrotic enteritis, a preventable intestinal disease in poultry that costs the industry up to $6 billion annually. The vaccine, known as MEFA, targets multiple virulence points of the disease-causing pathogen, providing better protection against inf...
A $500K grant will support awareness and training for neurodivergent participation in the workplace, with a focus on building inclusive models. The goal is to strengthen employment prospects for those with neurological differences, who face difficulty finding or keeping jobs.
Researchers discovered a 10-amino-acid sequence, called the passport sequence, that facilitates efficient glycoprotein trafficking and enhances galactosylation and sialylation. This leads to improved protein stability and efficacy in biopharmaceuticals.
Researchers are revolutionizing fresco assessment with laser Doppler vibrometry, enabling the detection of hidden delaminated areas. This technology aims to democratize conservation expertise and create accessible tools for preserving these cultural treasures.
A nearby supernova explosion could produce gamma rays that pinpoint the mass of a key dark matter candidate, the axion. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope would need to be in position to detect these gamma rays within 10 seconds of the supernova's core collapse.
A recent study using satellite imagery analyzed drought dynamics over five years to show increasing droughts in the Arkansas Delta. The user-friendly Arkansas Vegetation Drought Explorer v.2.0 web app provides maps showing drought levels by county, year, and month.
A researcher is helping young people and older adults tackle hoarding disorder through subtle and positive intervention methods. Her work focuses on the psychosocial impact of hoarding symptoms in college students and the potential for early intervention, finding that simple interventions can lead to life-changing outcomes.
EPFL researchers developed detailed computational models of rat hippocampal and somatosensory cortex regions, simulating brain activity and studying the roles of each part. The models' three-dimensional geometry allows for testing with new experimental data and exploring a wide range of phenomena.
A new study directly measures the hearing range of minke whales, revealing they can detect high-frequency sounds as high as 90 kHz. This discovery suggests baleen whales may be more impacted by ocean noise than previously thought and highlights the need for clearer thresholds to measure their sensitivity.
Experts discuss the potential of AI to enhance healthcare, including its use in diagnosing diseases and educating patients. However, concerns about the accuracy of chatbot responses and the need for verified sources highlight the perils of relying on AI in medicine.
ChromaTwist has secured a £0.5M Innovate UK Smart grant to enhance its novel dyes for improved bio-imaging. The funding will boost the company's technical development and scale-up for commercial launch.