Researchers developed a smarter QKD system using machine learning to synchronize quantum signals, achieving reliable self-correction in unstable timing. This breakthrough enables compact and cost-effective quantum communication systems for secure key sharing over long distances.
Researchers found that sewage spills from land to sea coincided with winds of at least 6.5m/s on 178 days within a two-year period, potentially sending microplastics into the air. The study suggests that coastal towns and cities may be exposed to billions of airborne microplastic particles.
Researchers identified four distinct groups of autism linked to specific genetic variants and biological processes. The study's person-centered approach analyzing phenotypic and genotypic data from SPARK enabled more precise diagnoses and personalized support.
A comprehensive analysis shows that sports fandom stems from evolutionarily ingrained tendencies which enhance social unity and therefore survival. The study highlights the role of cognitive biases, emotional connections, and heuristics in sustaining fans' beliefs.
Molecular simulations reveal that liquid carbon can form spontaneously into graphite even when diamond is the expected stable phase. The team found complex crystallization behavior and identified graphite as a stepping stone for diamond formation, explaining long-standing discrepancies in high-pressure carbon experiments.
A study by a trans-European research team reveals how DNA condensation during the cell cycle is regulated by a unique molecular switch. When cell division begins, the key enzyme CDK1 phosphorylates microcephalin and M18BP1, allowing condensin II to pack the DNA into sausage-shaped chromosomes.
Dr. Richard M. Peterson has been elected as the new president of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. He aims to increase utilization of life-saving bariatric surgery, making it available to those who can benefit. The society reports over 270,000 metabolic and bariatric procedures performed in 2023.
A team of Penn engineers and materials scientists have developed a biomineral-infused concrete that captures up to 142% more CO2 than conventional mixes while using less cement. The new material is stronger, lighter, and uses fewer materials like cement.
A new study by Washington State University researchers reveals declining groundwater levels across Eastern Washington's complex aquifer system, threatening its sustainability. The study measures the water accessible to current wells and highlights areas of greatest concern, such as the Odessa region and Yakima Basin.
A new University of British Columbia study reveals that male guppies with more orange coloration are up to two times more sexually active and perform for females longer periods. The research identifies a genetic link between guppy color and behavior, suggesting healthier and fitter individuals may be more attractive to females.
Scientists have demonstrated a novel transition-metal-free dual-catalyst system for hydrocyanation, enabling excellent regioselectivity and high yields. The method avoids toxic metals and is estimated to be around 2,500 times cheaper than conventional methods.
Researchers successfully tested polarization-encoded quantum key distribution using a room-temperature single-photon emitter, achieving a QBER of 5.0% and secure key rate of 585.9 bps. The system minimized PMD impact by carefully selecting basis states.
A robot trained on videos of surgeries performed a lengthy phase of a gallbladder removal without human help, responding to and learning from voice commands. The robot performed unflappably across trials with the expertise of a skilled human surgeon, even during unexpected scenarios.
Scientists have identified a set of genes in zebrafish that reactivate after damage to the heart and patch it up like new. The researchers hope to use CRISPR tools to reactivate similar genes in humans and jump-start repair of the heart and other tissues after injury.
Four new species of dragon pseudoscorpions have been discovered in caves of South Korea, characterized by their unique dragon-like jaws. These blind creatures were identified through integrative taxonomy, providing insight into the biodiversity of cave-dwelling animals.
A 30-year study by Radboud University Medical Center found increased resistance in fungi, with over 2,000 resistant fungal strains collected. The fungus thrives in waste heaps and can cause aspergillosis in vulnerable patients, increasing the risk of death.
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a rare but deadly disease in the US, caused by a mosquito bite. People at risk include those living near swamps or marshes and outdoor workers, such as farmers and campers.
Long-tailed macaques in a new study showed preference for videos featuring aggression and familiar faces, similar to human behavior. The research, led by Elisabeth H.M. Sterck, found that lower-ranking and less aggressive monkeys paid more attention to videos, highlighting the importance of social information gathering.
This study reveals that ALKBH3, an m1A demethylase enzyme, regulates enhanced glycolysis in Dox-resistant TNBC cells. The ALKBH3/ALDOA axis promotes Dox resistance through regulation of ALDOA mRNA stability and glycolysis.
Half of Brazil's high-potential areas for discovering new angiosperm species are located within protected indigenous lands. The study highlights the need for conservation priorities in these areas.
A retrospective study found teclistamab-cqyv to be effective in patients with high-risk, heavily pretreated multiple myeloma who would have been ineligible for the MajesTEC-1 trial. The bispecific antibody reduced disease burden by at least half in 53% of evaluable patients, and 45% achieved a 'very good partial response'. Despite a hi...
A new report from the University of Cambridge's Minderoo Centre for Technology and Democracy highlights the alarming trajectory of energy use by big tech companies, driven by AI growth. The report predicts that data centres could consume up to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions by 2040, far exceeding current emissions from air travel.
The Human Oral Microbiome Database has been updated with a greater breadth of data, including 44 new human oral taxa and a total of 834 identified species. This expansion enables researchers to study the oral microbiome with greater precision and depth.
Researchers have designed a nanohybrid system that alleviates tumor hypoxia, promotes vascular normalization, and enhances antigen presentation. The system, combining PFBT@Rox Lip nanoparticles with photodynamic therapy, boosts anti-primary and metastatic tumor efficacy of immunotherapy.
Researchers have discovered batzelladins, which rapidly eliminate parasites that cause malaria, including strains resistant to conventional antimalarial drugs. The efficacy of these substances was proven through tests on blood samples from patients and infected mice.
Hypergraph research aims to improve network resilience by analyzing multi-way relationships, enabling more accurate representations of complex systems. By modeling projects within Texas A&M University as hypergraphs, researchers can depict interconnectedness and how individual work affects the entire system.
Teams developed a CO2 capture and conversion system that can handle a wide range of CO2 concentrations, even in the presence of oxygen. The system uses a zeolite adsorbent to rapidly adsorb CO2 and a separate catalytic reactor to convert it into a usable resource.
Restoration efforts have shown promising results, with satellite data indicating that restored peatlands' temperature and albedo improve over time. However, the return of vegetation is slower, emphasizing the need for additional measures.
Researchers found that tirzepatide significantly reduced body weight, food intake, and measures of appetite compared to a placebo and liraglutide. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed reduced activity in hunger-sensitive brain areas while viewing high-fat foods.
Scientists have developed a method to extract insect heart rates from video footage taken with digital cameras, preserving their natural behavior. The technique uses advanced signal processing and machine learning algorithms to analyze subtle body movements and detect accurate cardiac activity.
The journal is seeking original research, viewpoints, and tutorials exploring the use of AI-driven documentation in clinical settings. Submissions should address practical applications, challenges, and future directions of AI-facilitated clinical documentation.
A new study found that seafloor fish communities are maintaining their uniqueness despite widespread human impacts, with some regions showing increased diversity. The research suggests that conservation efforts should be tailored to each region to be effective.
A new photonic neural network developed in China achieves higher classification accuracy than digital models by using physical light transformations and multisynaptic optical paths. The system's design avoids errors introduced by translating software to hardware, marking a major step forward in optical AI hardware.
A novel AI-based approach identifies a distinct physicochemical signature near the cleavage site of gamma-secretase substrates, revealing dynamic properties essential for molecular recognition. The study highlights the potential of this methodology to improve understanding of gamma-secretase's role in diseases and aid drug development.
Health experts urge the UN to strengthen the treaty's focus on ending plastic production and reducing toxic chemicals. The World Health Organization estimates that one-quarter of global deaths are linked to environmental harm, including chemicals, pollution, and waste.
Researchers investigated the effects of vitamin D3-loaded nanoemulsion on adaptive behavior and language performance in children with ASD. The study found improved core manifestations and receptive and expressive language abilities, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit for children with ASD.
Researchers found that random tree planting designs increase biomass by 11% compared to clustered layouts, while a more even spread promotes nutrient recycling. The study suggests that a balanced mix of species and spatial arrangement can optimize ecosystem functioning and productivity in forests.
Researchers developed a way to boost LLMs' performance on challenging tasks using test-time training. This method involves updating some model parameters using new data, leading to significant improvements in accuracy, especially for tasks requiring logic and reasoning.
Researchers at Boston University have found that exosomes released by obese tissues can turn slow-moving TNBC cells into highly mobile and invasive ones. This discovery could lead to the development of non-invasive biomarkers for metastatic risk and new drug targets like Rho-protein inhibitors.
Researchers developed a mechanically robust in-situ solidified polymer electrolyte inspired by the microstructure of dragonfly wings, offering superior mechanical properties and electrochemical performance. The innovative design and mechanisms may lead to significant advancements in SiOx-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries.
A new study published in Nature provides a comprehensive overview of all chemicals that can be present in plastics, their properties, uses, and hazards. The study identified 4,200 plastic chemicals as of concern due to health and environmental hazards.
The team built a high-resolution 3D structure of the Powassan virus, shedding light on its transmission and potential therapeutics. The findings could inform future treatments and preventions for this emerging tick-borne disease.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing medical needle procedures by providing unprecedented levels of accuracy and precision. AI-powered robots can assist physicians in complex tasks, enabling safer and more effective procedures. The four components of AI guidance are formalized, categorizing current systems into Eyes-on/Hands...
A recent study published in Addiction analyzed 268 critiques of alcohol and health studies by the International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research (ISFAR) and found a strong industry-friendly bias. Studies supporting health benefits from alcohol were ten times more likely to receive positive reviews than those suggesting otherwise.
A new laser machining method enables high-precision patterned laser micro-grooving with root mean square errors below 0.5 μm. This technique allows for rapid and scalable manufacturing of custom microstructures, advancing applications in microfluidic devices, sensors, and heat dissipation systems.
Researchers analyzed four complete donkey skeletons and remains to discover that Egyptian donkeys were incorporated into ritual burials during the Early Bronze Age in present-day Israel. Local donkeys were also part of the diet, according to the study published in PLOS One.
Dr. Andy Jagoda has received the Edward W. Gilmore Lifetime Achievement Award for his significant contributions to emergency medicine education, leadership, and quality improvement. The award recognizes his lifelong commitment to advancing emergency medicine in New York City.
A new study has mapped the history of infectious diseases across millennia, offering insights into how human-animal interactions transformed our health landscape. The research analyzed ancient DNA from over 1,300 prehistoric individuals, revealing that zoonotic diseases became more widespread around 5,000 years ago.
A new polysaccharide from Houttuynia cordata improves survival rates and weight loss in a murine model of pneumonia caused by H1N1 and MRSA coinfection. The therapeutic effect is linked to the modulation of Treg/Th17 balance and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Researchers recorded activity from hundreds of neurons simultaneously in flying bats, revealing insights into neural replay and theta sequences. This study sheds light on the formation and storage of long-term memories in humans, potentially leading to new treatments for neurological disorders.
Researchers developed a blood-based indicator of organ age and found that individuals with young brains have a lower risk of developing diseases associated with their brain. The study also showed that organs' biological ages can predict health outcomes, such as increased risk of Alzheimer's disease for those with an old brain.
A new study from the University of Pittsburgh shows exercise improves cancer outcomes and enhances response to immunotherapy in mice by reshaping the gut microbiome. The research found that a specific compound called formate, produced by gut bacteria in exercised mice, was associated with better outcomes in patients with melanoma.
A recent analysis of 16 years of data on Japanese adults reveals a strong association between socioeconomic status and the incidence of five common cancers. Communities with low employment rates or low incomes show higher cancer rates compared to those with higher socioeconomic status.
Researchers from the University of Surrey investigate how senior citizens are targeted by cybercriminals due to societal biases, including ageism and stereotypes that portray them as frail and gullible. The study highlights the need for educational initiatives and support systems to empower older adults to protect themselves online.
A new AI-powered model has been developed to predict surface ozone concentration in the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta regions. The model achieves high prediction accuracy, with hit rates of 83% and R² ≥ 0.85, providing a clearer picture of how weather patterns drive ozone pollution.
Researchers identified RTK dependent and independent mechanisms of resistance to EGFR targeted therapies in breast and head and neck cancers, highlighting opportunities for combination therapies and biomarker identification.
Researchers identified a family of RNA molecules, B2-SINEs, that stimulate growth in peripheral nerves and brain neurons after injury. These findings may lead to new treatments for nerve injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
A new study from NYU Tandon School of Engineering found that users of Adblock Plus's Acceptable Ads feature encounter 13.6% more problematic advertisements compared to those without ad blockers, highlighting systematic failures in preventing inappropriate advertising from reaching children.
The Endocrine Society's new Scientific Statement identifies potential research directions to improve treatment options for people with type 1 diabetes. The statement highlights the need for population-based screening and more research into the causes of the disease.
A new online support package aims to empower parents of young autistic children to look after their dental health. The toolkit provides practical, tailored solutions focusing on toothbrushing, dentist visits, and eating habits, featuring videos and downloadable resources.