A cross-sectional study found that greater lean mass and fitness are associated with fewer anxiety and depression symptoms in preadolescent children. Higher visceral adipose tissue, on the other hand, is linked to increased symptoms of both anxiety and depression.
Dr. Kathleen Preble is creating a comprehensive resource guide to address human trafficking in Texas, building on her previous work in Missouri. The project aims to strengthen the state's response to human trafficking and provide a framework for other states to follow.
Vasile's research aims to map and model an agent's capabilities, particularly in motion, manipulation, and perception, to reliably predict their behavior. The goal is to use this understanding to plan effectively for large teams of agents.
ETH Zurich researchers discovered that Belgian ales like Tripel and Dubbel have stable foam due to surface viscoelasticity or Marangoni stresses. The study also found that beer foam stability depends on protein content and structure, with LTP1 playing a key role in stabilizing foam.
A new ASU study identifies the most polluted areas of coastline in West Hawaiʻi and targets for remediation, providing critical data needed to mitigate sewage contamination. The research found that cesspools, septic systems, and coastal urban development are highly predictive of water contamination.
Researchers from NIMS discovered that prior cyclic deformation improves the fatigue limit of steel by suppressing crack initiation. A novel pre-fatigue training technique successfully doubled the fatigue limit of high-strength martensitic steel, providing an effective alternative to tempering heat treatment.
Researchers found that companies simplified crypto disclosures when markets were favorable, but provided more detailed information when interest was high. The study suggests that reporting standards on crypto activities should be refined for better investor quality information.
Researchers at HonorHealth Research Institute have developed a new technique using ultrasound to activate targeted drugs in pancreatic cancer treatment. The Acoustic Cluster Therapy (ACT) method helps increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy while reducing potential toxicity throughout the body.
The study evaluates five generative AI models for optimizing biosafety laboratory management, achieving excellent performance on text-based questions. The AI-driven system enables real-time laboratory monitoring, predictive maintenance, and improved biosafety training through automatic generation of customized materials.
Acosta will investigate mechanisms of precipitation-driven Antarctic ice growth during the Middle Miocene using state-of-the-art models. The project aims to provide critical context for understanding long-term trajectories of global sea level.
Public health nurses (PHNs) are a well-defined and highly specialized profession that plays a unique and essential role in addressing critical public health issues. Despite their vital contributions, PHNs currently lack formal recognition as a distinct occupation, which limits their visibility and value.
A new study from UConn researcher Amanda Cooper provides suggestions for families to communicate effectively with loved ones living with dementia while upholding their personhood. The study recommends reminiscing about past experiences, expressing gratitude, and adjusting communication approaches based on the individual's current capab...
A new model incorporates rainfall and storm surge, leading causes of hurricane deaths. The proposed scale aims to improve evacuation decisions by providing a more accurate picture of the storm's severity.
The global study found that women are having babies later in life, increasing health risks and widening inequalities in maternal care. The average age of first-time mothers has steadily increased, with many now starting their families aged 35 years or over.
Researchers from Kyoto University discovered a new shrimp roommate, Betaeus levifrons, living in Japanese mud shrimp (Upogebia major) burrows on the Pacific coast of Hokkaido. This symbiotic relationship highlights the unique ecological and evolutionary processes underlying these interactions.
A study of Medicare database payments found that nearly 80% of US neurologists prescribing multiple sclerosis (MS) drugs received industry payments, with higher volume prescribers more likely to be beneficiaries. Recipients were also more likely to prescribe the company's drugs, especially if payments were larger and sustained.
Researchers from Shandong Technology and Business University survey the latest AI-powered techniques to fill in missing traffic data gaps. The study categorizes and compares leading data imputation methods, offering a clear roadmap for researchers and city planners to improve traffic management and smart city operations.
Researchers have developed a hybrid Kerr-electro-optic frequency comb on thin-film lithium niobate, resolving limitations in traditional approaches. The device achieves both large spectral coverage and dense line spacing, capabilities that were difficult to realize simultaneously.
Researchers from Kyoto University discovered that periodical cicadas use a four-year body weight threshold to decide when to emerge. The 16-year-old nymphs with red eyes and large body weights likely exceeded the critical threshold, indicating their decision to emerge.
Researchers at MLU and University of Münster show that CBT leads to measurable changes in brain structure, particularly in areas responsible for emotion processing, and increases grey matter volume in the amygdala and hippocampus.
The IBD Living Guidelines Real-World Evidence Study evaluates the clinical and operational impact of AGA's first living guideline on managing ulcerative colitis. Latica's proprietary data platform and robust clinical datasets are used to uncover real-world insights on treatment adoption, care pathways, and patient outcomes.
Research from King's College London and University of Bath found that people who self-medicate with cannabis for physical or mental discomfort are more likely to develop paranoia and anxiety. The study also discovered a link between childhood trauma and increased paranoia scores, which is exacerbated by cannabis use.
A long-term field study found that wild bumble bees strategically target flowers to balance their diet, adjusting their consumption of protein, fat, and carbs based on tongue length and seasonal flower availability. This nuanced approach allows them to thrive together and maintain strong colonies.
Researchers have discovered a way to arrange exotic light patterns into repeatable crystals that extend across space and time. The 'hopfion' lattices use structured beams at two different colors, enabling future systems for robust information processing in photonics.
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that chronic alcohol use impairs gut bacterial regulation. This allows bacteria to migrate to the liver, worsening ALD. Targeting this mechanism with existing drugs may provide a new approach to minimizing liver damage from alcohol use.
Astronomers have detected a growing planet outside our solar system in a cleared gap of a multi-ringed disk of dust and gas. The discovery provides the first direct evidence that protoplanets can create these gaps, resolving a long-standing debate in the scientific community.
A new RAND study found that three widely used AI chatbots are generally consistent in responding to very-high-risk and very-low-risk questions about suicide, but inconsistent in answering intermediate-risk questions. ChatGPT and Claude generated appropriate responses to very-low-risk questions, while Gemini's responses were more variable.
The EASYGEN consortium will develop a fully automated platform for manufacturing personalized cell therapies within days, accelerating patient access and reducing costs. EBMT is participating in the study examining current CAR-T treatment processes and contributing to patient education and advocacy efforts.
Researchers have confirmed the existence of hidden motions in granular materials like soil and snow, which can control their movement. This discovery could help understand how landslides and avalanches work, as well as benefit industries such as construction and grain filling.
Researchers at Princeton University found that major tropical eruptions create distinct flooding patterns depending on plume location and dispersal. The patterns mostly divide along the line of the equator, with increased rainfall in the tropics in one hemisphere and decreased flooding.
The team's two-step high-temperature hydrogen annealing process improves both performance and reliability, effectively removing defects and expanding the operational voltage range.
A study of 94 primate species found that those with longer thumbs had larger brains, indicating a link between manual dexterity and brain evolution. The research suggests that as primates developed better hand skills, their brains grew to process and use these abilities effectively.
Research reveals neuroglia play active role in brain function, driving disease progression through atrophy and functional decline. Therapeutic strategies targeting neuroglial signaling may prevent damage following brain injury or protect against neurodegenerative processes.
Researchers developed a comprehensive road map of ovarian reserve formation in primates, providing crucial insights into women's health. The study could lead to better treatments for infertility and hormonal disorders like PCOS.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that tiny particles in the blood, known as exosomes, can reprogram immune cells inside tumors making them weaker and allowing the cancer to grow and spread more easily. The study provides new insights into why people with type 2 diabetes have worse breast cancer outcomes.
Dr. Harriet de Wit's groundbreaking research bridges animal and human drug studies, demonstrating that MDMA enhances feelings of social connectedness and challenging addiction treatment strategies. Her discoveries have profound implications for treating trauma-related disorders globally.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered that delaying fertility drug administration to match follicle maturity period increases ovulated oocytes and normal offspring development. This study contributes to understanding infertility treatments and potential applications for humans and endangered species.
Dr. Rentería's Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study (APGS) includes nearly 20,000 volunteers, generating a comprehensive genetic database to understand Parkinson's disease variability. He incorporates wearable sensors and digital biomarkers to address clinical heterogeneity.
Researchers developed a novel thioether-based electrolyte additive that enhances electrode interfaces, stabilizing lithium metal anodes for up to 3000 cycles. The additive achieves high sulfur utilization and promotes inorganic-rich interfaces with improved ionic conductivity.
Scientists developed a novel synthesis method that enables precise control of emission properties in perovskite quantum dots. The approach results in enhanced stability, efficiency, and tailored emission across the Rec.2020 red spectrum. This breakthrough paves the way for high-performance pure-red light-emitting diodes.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine has developed a patient-reported outcome tool called PLATO to monitor treatment response in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. The 11-item questionnaire assesses patients' sleep-related experiences and is validated through strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
Researchers found that carotid endarterectomy reverses impaired blood-brain barrier properties only in the operative side, improving cerebral hemodynamic parameters. The study suggests potential implications for preventing stroke incidence and improving cognitive decline in patients with bilateral carotid artery stenosis.
Researchers develop a Pt–N-Mo bonding heterostructure that boosts water-splitting kinetics, resists degradation for >500 hours and reduces hydrogen production costs to US$2.02 kg⁻¹. The catalyst delivers high energy efficiency and a techno-economic win, paving the way for gigawatt-scale deployment.
A new study introduces a phosphorus-doped MnMoO4 catalyst that dramatically improves lithium–oxygen battery performance. The engineered cathodes delivered stable operation for over 380 cycles at high current density, outperforming even some noble-metal systems.
The BioRescue consortium has produced 38 pure northern white rhino embryos, including three new ones, and initiated embryo transfers with southern white rhino mothers. The team is using cutting-edge assisted reproduction and stem cell technologies to restore the species.
Researchers created comprehensive catalogue of human gut microbiota subspecies and developed model predicting colorectal cancer presence from stool samples. The method detected 90% of cancer cases, outperforming current non-invasive detection methods.
A new AI-driven framework uses a custom-built catalysis knowledge graph and LLMs to recommend relay catalysis pathways. The system successfully found existing and suggested new pathways for several target molecules, demonstrating its potential to improve efficiency and selectivity in chemical reactions.
McGill researchers found that news coverage of sexual violence continues to be problematic, with journalists often obfuscating the role of racism and colonialism. The literature review also highlights a lack of engagement with ethical guidelines and inadequate training for journalists.
A research team has found that unicellular cyanobacterium UCYN-B plays a crucial role in marine nitrogen (N2) fixation, contributing 5.2-7.2 Tg N yr-1 of N2 fixation in the western North Pacific and 10.8-15.0 Tg N yr-1 globally, about 20% of global oceanic N2 fixation flux.
A team of researchers proposes hydroxyl adsorption as a selectivity descriptor for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia over copper-based catalysts. They found that more negative potentials and lower NO3- concentrations can improve ammonia selectivity.
Research reveals that hypoxia reduces alveolar bone levels and osteoblast differentiation after orthodontic tooth movement, while increasing osteoclastic activity. This study provides critical insights into the bone remodeling process under hypoxia.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a groundbreaking process to combine 3D printing, stem cell biology, and lab-grown tissues for spinal cord injury recovery. The method involves creating 3D-printed scaffolds with microscopic channels that promote the growth of new nerve fibers.
A new type of supernova has been discovered, offering a rare glimpse into the depths of massive stars. The star, dubbed SN2021yfj, had lost its outer layers while still 'alive,' revealing a previously unknown inner layered structure and exposing hidden sites where heavy chemical elements are formed.
Researchers at Chiba University developed a method for selectively attaching an alkyl group to the C5 position of indole using a copper-based catalyst, producing yields of up to 91%. This approach could enable more affordable and scalable modification of indoles, crucial for drug development.
Scientists have created a new class of nanocrystals with exceptional thermal and chemical stability, showcasing impressive gas adsorption capabilities. The discoveries could lead to the development of advanced porous solid-state materials.
A new deeplearning framework uses federated transfer learning to predict battery state of health during fast charging, preserving user privacy. The framework outperforms traditional methods and has been integrated into intelligent battery management systems.
The POEM Technology Center in Denmark will produce advanced wafers for photonic chips, enabling the development of high-speed communication and optical data processing. The facility will also facilitate the production of quantum chips, a key component in large-scale quantum computing.
Researchers at JGU and HIM develop a novel method for atomic structure investigation, discovering new samarium absorption lines with enhanced multichannel DCS approach. The technique enables high-resolution, broadband spectroscopy with improved signal-to-noise ratio.
A new NYU study found that an online grocery shopping program increased household purchases of healthy foods and reduced food insecurity among low-income caregivers. The program provided incentives such as free delivery, text messages, and financial assistance to encourage participation.
A new study published in Sleep Medicine found that daily sleep patterns have a significant impact on cognitive function. Researchers discovered that individuals with moderate-to-regular sleep patterns performed better in cognitive assessments than those with highly irregular or rigid sleep patterns.